Evrenin temel kuvvetlerinden biri olan k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimin evrenin her k\u00f6\u015fesinde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011fu, y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren pulsar g\u00f6zlemleri taraf\u0131ndan da onayland\u0131. \u201cK\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi, evrenin her yerinde ve her zaman\u0131nda ayn\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d sorusu, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131yla yine \u201cevet\u201d olarak cevapland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Astronomlar, Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (NSF) Bat\u0131 Virginia ve Puerto Rico\u2019daki g\u00f6zlemevleri, PSR J1713+0747 adl\u0131 pulsar\u0131n at\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 21 y\u0131ld\u0131r hassas ve d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde g\u00f6zlemliyordu. Bu uzun ve yorucu s\u00fcrecin neticesinde ise, k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim sabiti G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ilk kez \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek hassasiyetle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebildi.<\/p>\n
Pulsarlar kendi etraf\u0131nda \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6nen, \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu s\u00fcpernova kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fc y\u0131ld\u0131zlard\u0131r. Manyetik kutuplar\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan s\u00fcrekli \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131m, pulsar kendi ekseni etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019ya sadece belirli periyotlarda ula\u015f\u0131r ve radyo dalgas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6zlemlenebilir. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f h\u0131zlar\u0131 d\u00fczenli olan bu g\u00f6kcisimleri, atom saatlerinin duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na e\u015fit duyarl\u0131l\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Bu \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 pulsarlar; uzay\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131, zaman ve k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi gibi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz laboratuvarlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada bahsi ge\u00e7en pulsar; bir beyaz c\u00fccenin e\u015flik etti\u011fi, D\u00fcnya\u2019ya 3750 \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta, bilinen en parlak ve stabil pulsarlardan biridir. \u00d6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, pulsar\u0131n beyaz c\u00fcce etraf\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin periyodunun 68 g\u00fcn alacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015fti. S\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bu geni\u015f y\u00f6r\u00fcnge olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131lacak olas\u0131 k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda Einstein\u2019in teorik \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc olan k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n hesaba kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmez.<\/p>\n
\u201cBu y\u0131ld\u0131z kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131ndaki esrarengiz tutarl\u0131l\u0131k, k\u00fctle\u00e7ekiminin -G sabitinin- uzay\u0131n her b\u00f6lgesinde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011fuyla ilgili su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez kan\u0131tlar ortaya koyuyor\u201d diyen British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi astronomu Weiwei Zhu, bulgular\u0131n kozmolojide \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Charlottesville Ulusal Astronomi G\u00f6zlemevi astronomlar\u0131ndan Scott Ransom, \u201cY\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 meydana getiren, galaksileri bir arada tutan k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar\u0131yla D\u00fcnya\u2019da hangi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte ise evrenin herhangi bir noktas\u0131nda da o b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcktedir\u201d diyor. Elde edilen de\u011fi\u015fmez k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim sabiti, daha \u00f6nce hesaplanm\u0131\u015f uzak bir y\u0131ld\u0131z sistemindeki ile ayn\u0131. D\u00fcnya ve Ay ile yap\u0131lan \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim sabitininin de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u201cEski ve yeni sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re evrenin herhangi bir yerinde veya zaman\u0131nda k\u00fctle\u00e7ekiminin farkl\u0131 olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kalk\u0131yor\u201d diyen Ingrid Stairs, \u201cgenel g\u00f6relilik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda baz\u0131 k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim teorileri s\u0131k s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fken k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi ile ilgili \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcler yap\u0131yor. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z ve elde etti\u011fimiz s\u0131n\u0131rlar, bu t\u00fcr teorilerilerdeki baz\u0131 parametrelere de k\u0131s\u0131tlama getirecektir\u201d diye ekliyor.<\/p>\n
Zhu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetliyor: \u201cK\u00fctle\u00e7ekim sabiti, fizi\u011fin en temel parametrelerindendir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu sabitin ger\u00e7ekten sabit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 evrenin farkl\u0131 yerlerinde, farkl\u0131 fiziksel ortamlarda test etmek \u00f6nemlidir. G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde ve uzak y\u0131ld\u0131z sisteminde elde edilen sonu\u00e7lara ek olarak bizim pulsar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z da k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim sabiti G\u2019nin evrensel bir sabit oldu\u011funu yineliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Evrenin temel kuvvetlerinden biri olan k\u00fctle\u00e7ekimin evrenin her k\u00f6\u015fesinde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011fu, y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren pulsar g\u00f6zlemleri taraf\u0131ndan da onayland\u0131. \u201cK\u00fctle\u00e7ekimi, evrenin her yerinde ve her zaman\u0131nda ayn\u0131 m\u0131?\u201d sorusu, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131yla yine \u201cevet\u201d olarak cevapland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Astronomlar, Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (NSF) Bat\u0131 Virginia ve Puerto Rico\u2019daki g\u00f6zlemevleri, PSR J1713+0747 adl\u0131 pulsar\u0131n at\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 21 y\u0131ld\u0131r hassas ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":634,"featured_media":17184,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[176,30,19,26],"tags":[248,288,1161,1883],"class_list":["post-3277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-139-sayi","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-fizik","tag-astronomi","tag-fizik","tag-kutlecekim","tag-pulsar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t