{"id":33025,"date":"2019-03-07T03:09:54","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T00:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=33025"},"modified":"2019-03-06T14:56:47","modified_gmt":"2019-03-06T11:56:47","slug":"saglakligin-evrimsel-bir-kokeni-var-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/07\/saglakligin-evrimsel-bir-kokeni-var-mi","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011flakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrimsel bir k\u00f6keni var m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130nsanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f taraf\u0131n\u0131 daha bask\u0131n bi\u00e7imde (dekstal) kullanma e\u011filimi ta\u015f\u0131r. K\u0131saca sa\u011flak bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015f\u0131yoruz diyebiliriz. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar toplumlarda ortalama olarak sol ellilerin (sinistral) oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 8 civar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ortaya koymakta.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33029\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33029\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-33029\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/3-3-300x186.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"186\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33029\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neanderthal insanlar\u0131 sa\u011f ellerini o kadar fazla kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131 ki, sa\u011f kol kemikleri sol tarafa g\u00f6re g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde irile\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sa\u011f el kullan\u0131m tercihinin insanlar aras\u0131nda bu derece bask\u0131n olmas\u0131, bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek oranda genetik bir altyap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funu ve tarihin eski d\u00f6nemlerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 130-30 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan <em>Neanderthal<\/em> insanlar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapan antropologlar\u0131n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, <em>Neanderthal<\/em> insanlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f el kullan\u0131m tercihlerinin olduk\u00e7a yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta. Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar bu sonuca, inceledikleri fosillere ait sa\u011f ve sol kol kemiklerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan boyut farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle var\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Sa\u011f el kullan\u0131m tercihindeki yo\u011funluk, ayn\u0131 zamanda tarih \u00f6ncesine ait sanatsal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde de kendini g\u00f6steriyor. \u00dcrettikleri ma\u011fara duvar resmi sanat\u0131 ile \u00fcnlenmi\u015f Cro-magnon insanlar\u0131n\u0131n sanat eserlerinin yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleri de sa\u011f el bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu noktada akla tak\u0131lacak temel soru, kullan\u0131m tercihinde neden bu denli asimetrik bir \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33027\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33027\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-33027\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/2-3-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"188\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33027\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ma\u011fara duvar resimleri ile \u00fcnlenmi\u015f Cro-magnon insanlar\u0131n\u0131n resimlerinin yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleri de sa\u011f el bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerde durum nas\u0131l?<br \/>\n<\/strong>T\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n tek taraf\u0131n\u0131 daha bask\u0131n bi\u00e7imde kullanan tek hayvan papa\u011fan. Bir\u00e7ok papa\u011fan t\u00fcr\u00fc pen\u00e7esiyle herhangi bir \u015feyi kavramak istedi\u011finde neredeyse y\u00fczde 90 oran\u0131nda sol taraf\u0131n\u0131 tercih ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Primatlar\u0131n el tercihleri ise olduk\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k. Baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler sol taraflar\u0131n\u0131 daha bask\u0131n bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnseler de, tercihler genelde yap\u0131lacak i\u015fe g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin genetik olarak bize en yak\u0131n t\u00fcr olan \u015fempanzeler \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, insan g\u00f6zetiminde geni\u015f bir kolonide ya\u015fayan bir \u015fempanze toplulu\u011funun \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinin f\u0131st\u0131k ezmesi t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131kmak ve jestlerle ileti\u015fim kurmak i\u00e7in sa\u011f ellerini kulland\u0131klar\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015f. Ancak do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlenen \u015fempanzeler dahil bir\u00e7ok primat t\u00fcr\u00fcnde topluluk d\u00fczeyinde bir el kullan\u0131m tercihinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte. Ayn\u0131 durum bizden evrimsel olarak \u00e7ok daha uzak t\u00fcrler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Beyin, dil yetisi ve sa\u011flakl\u0131k<br \/>\n<\/strong>Tercihli kullan\u0131m\u0131n insanda bu derece bask\u0131n olmas\u0131na neden olan etmenin, insana \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u00f6zellik oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu \u00f6zellik baz\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re di\u011fer bir t\u00fcrde olmayan \u201cdil yetisi\u201ddir.<\/p>\n<p>Bilindi\u011fi gibi konu\u015fma yetene\u011fi, insanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda beynin sol yar\u0131k\u00fcresi taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilir. Gerek anatomik, gerekse i\u015flev a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan asimetrik bir yap\u0131 sergileyen beyin yar\u0131k\u00fcrelerinden sol yar\u0131k\u00fcre, v\u00fccudun sa\u011f taraf\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ederken, sa\u011f yar\u0131k\u00fcre ise sol taraf\u0131 kontrol eder. Buradan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7, sa\u011flak e\u011filimlerimizin beynimizin sol yar\u0131k\u00fcresi taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edildi\u011fi. Sol yar\u0131k\u00fcre ayn\u0131 zamanda okuma, yazma ve i\u015faret dilinin de kontrol edildi\u011fi ve y\u00f6netildi\u011fi Broca ve Wernice alanlar\u0131na da ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bundan dolay\u0131 baz\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131 konu\u015fma yetene\u011fi ile sa\u011flak e\u011filimlerimiz aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 kuruyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ba\u011flant\u0131ya g\u00f6re konu\u015fma dilinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan temel etmen jest ve mimiklerdir. Dil yetisinin geli\u015fti\u011fi sol yar\u0131 k\u00fcre hen\u00fcz konu\u015fma dili ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce i\u015faret dilini kontrol ediyordu. Beyindeki \u00e7apraz ba\u011flant\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015faret dilimiz \u00e7o\u011funlukla sa\u011f elimizce konu\u015fuluyordu. \u0130\u015faret dili yerini konu\u015fma diline b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sa\u011f el bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileti\u015fim kurmak yerine alet yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi ile o aletlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda aktif rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130nsanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f taraf\u0131n\u0131 daha bask\u0131n bi\u00e7imde (dekstal) kullanma e\u011filimi ta\u015f\u0131r. K\u0131saca sa\u011flak bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015f\u0131yoruz diyebiliriz. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar toplumlarda ortalama olarak sol ellilerin (sinistral) oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 8 civar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ortaya koymakta. Sa\u011f el kullan\u0131m tercihinin insanlar aras\u0131nda bu derece bask\u0131n olmas\u0131, bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek oranda genetik bir altyap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":33030,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[254,2570,4624,4623,4622],"class_list":["post-33025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-beyin","tag-isaret-dili","tag-neanderthaller","tag-saglaklik","tag-solaklik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33025\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}