{"id":33221,"date":"2019-03-16T03:37:43","date_gmt":"2019-03-16T00:37:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=33221"},"modified":"2019-03-15T16:48:24","modified_gmt":"2019-03-15T13:48:24","slug":"turkiyede-internet-yavas-pahali-kotali-sansurlu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/16\/turkiyede-internet-yavas-pahali-kotali-sansurlu","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130nternet: Yava\u015f, pahal\u0131, kotal\u0131, sans\u00fcrl\u00fc!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternet\u2019te Adil Kullan\u0131m Noktas\u0131 (AKN) 2019 ba\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n i\u015fletmecilerin yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130nternet\u2019e eri\u015fim tarifelerinde kota uygulamas\u0131 halen s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Yurtta\u015flar\u0131n al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc zorlayan, y\u00fcksek \u00fccretli bu tarifelerdeki eri\u015fim h\u0131zlar\u0131 da \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n gereklerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda. Kotal\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zdaki, y\u00fcksek \u00fccretli tarifelerin nedeni ise \u00fclkemizin \u0130nternet altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi. Ancak t\u00fcm bunlar, kamu hizmeti olan ileti\u015fim ve \u0130nternet eri\u015fiminin piyasaya b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve tekelle\u015fmenin bir sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Konuyla ilgili olarak Bilgisayar M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ile Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131n\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda ucuz, h\u0131zl\u0131, kotas\u0131z ve sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz internetin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Her iki kurum, temel insan hakk\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen internet eri\u015fiminin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve tekelle\u015fme nedeniyle y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla topluma sunulmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilemez oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n

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Bilgisayar M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ile Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, temel insan hakk\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen internet eri\u015fiminin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla sunulmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilemez oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00dclkemizde \u0130nternet ileti\u015fiminin durumu
\n<\/strong>BTK verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6 milyon olan geni\u015fbant \u0130nternet abone say\u0131s\u0131, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finde 60 milyon 800 bini mobil, 13 milyonu sabit olmak \u00fczere 73 milyon 800 bine ula\u015ft\u0131. Sabit \u0130nternet hizmetleri sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 pazar\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay, abonelerin y\u00fczde 67\u2019sine ve gelirin y\u00fczde 66\u2019s\u0131na sahip olan TTNet\u2019e (T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019a) ait.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019un sekt\u00f6rdeki h\u00e2kimiyetinde, y\u0131llarca kamu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilen ve \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme sonucunda \u015firkete b\u0131rak\u0131lan eri\u015fim altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ise b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi var. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin fiber altyap\u0131s\u0131 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 3. \u00e7eyre\u011fi itibar\u0131yla 345.275 km. Bunun 71.563 km\u2019si alternatif i\u015fletmecilere, 273.712 km\u2019si ise T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019a ait. T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019a ait fiber altyap\u0131n\u0131n 124.802 km\u2019si omurga, kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 ise eri\u015fim ama\u00e7l\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla fiber altyap\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 79\u2019u T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019un ve ana omurga hari\u00e7 tutulsa dahi T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019un pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 68.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019un tekel haline geldi\u011fi piyasada, altyap\u0131n\u0131n ortak ve adil kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00fczenlemelerin yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlara y\u00f6nelik a\u00e7mazlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bili\u015fim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda geri kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 Telekom\u00fcnikasyon Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (ITU\u2019nun) 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, Bilgi ve \u0130leti\u015fim Teknolojileri Geli\u015ftirme Endeksinde 175 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 70. s\u0131rada. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yeterli e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi ve potansiyele sahip olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n eri\u015fim endeksinde 81., kullan\u0131m endeksinde ise 76. s\u0131rada olmas\u0131, bili\u015fim politikalar\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye ortalama geni\u015fbant eri\u015fim h\u0131z\u0131nda Andorra Prensli\u011fi, \u015eili, Paraguay, Gabon, Madagaskar gibi \u00fclkelerin gerisinde, 93. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

BTK verilerine g\u00f6re sabit \u0130nternet hizmetleri sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelirleri 2013\u2019te 4,2 milyar TL iken 2017\u2019de 7 milyar TL\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, 2018\u2019in 3. \u00e7eyre\u011finde 5,8 milyar TL\u2019ye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f. \u0130\u015fletmecilerin gelirleri d\u00fczenli olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcrken altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalmakta, i\u015fletmeciler aras\u0131nda dengeli ve adil bir altyap\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanamamakta. Bunun sonucunda geni\u015fbant ve fiber yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkilenmekte. Teknolojide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k, hizmetlerin ve cihazlar\u0131n pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da etkin kullan\u0131m\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemekte. Altyap\u0131ya gereken yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 sonucunda T\u00fcrkiye ortalama geni\u015fbant eri\u015fim h\u0131z\u0131nda Andorra Prensli\u011fi, \u015eili, Paraguay, Gabon Cumhuriyeti, Madagaskar gibi \u00fclkelerin gerisinde, 20,15 Mbps ile 93. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6dedikleri hizmeti alam\u0131yorlar
\n<\/strong>T\u00fcrk Telekom\u2019un \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmesi s\u00fcrecinde yurtta\u015flar\u0131n daha ucuz ve nitelikli hizmet alaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylemleriyle kamuoyunu ikna etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar aradan ge\u00e7en 15 y\u0131lda kamunun t\u00fcm birikimlerini ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar, daha pahal\u0131 ve niteliksiz hizmetle yurtta\u015flar\u0131 ma\u011fdur ettiler. Son olarak AKN\u2019nin 2019 ba\u015f\u0131nda kalkmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130nternet eri\u015fim tarifelerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015flar oldu. \u0130\u015fletmeciler 6 Mbps ile 100 Mbps aras\u0131nda h\u0131zlara sahip baz\u0131s\u0131 kotal\u0131, baz\u0131s\u0131 limitsiz paketler i\u00e7in ayl\u0131k 59,90 TL ile 299,90 TL aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen \u00fccretler istemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yay\u0131mlanan tarifelerde mevcut abonelerin eski paketlerini ayn\u0131 bedellerle kullanmaya devam edece\u011fi, yeni tarifelerin yeni aboneleri etkileyece\u011fi belirtiliyor; ancak eski abonelerin yeni tarifeye ne zaman ge\u00e7ece\u011fi, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle mevcut abonelerin eski paketlerini daha ne kadar s\u00fcreyle kullanabilecekleri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131yor. A\u00e7\u0131klama gerektiren di\u011fer bir konuysa mevcut abonelere uygulanan tarife ile yeni abonelere uygulanacak tarifeler aras\u0131ndaki y\u00fczde 200\u2019leri a\u015fan fark\u0131n nereden geldi\u011fi. Ayn\u0131 hizmetin yurtta\u015flara farkl\u0131 fiyatlarla sunulmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7ta, \u201climitsiz\/h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0130nternet\u201d diye sunulan uygulama, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zda ve kotal\u0131 \u0130nternet\u2019e raz\u0131 olmak ya da al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc zorlayacak denli pahal\u0131 tarife paketlerini se\u00e7mek zorunda kalacaklar\u0131 bir uygulamaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130leti\u015fim altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden tarifelerde belirtilen h\u0131zlara zaten ula\u015famayan, \u00f6dedikleri paran\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alamayan yurtta\u015flar, ekonomik krizin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcnlerde temel insan hakk\u0131 olan ileti\u015fim hakk\u0131ndan da yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sans\u00fcr de var
\n<\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130nternet\u2019e eri\u015fim yaln\u0131zca ekonomik gerek\u00e7elerle de\u011fil, hukuksal d\u00fczenlemelerle de k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131yor. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yok say\u0131larak alternatif medya siteleri, muhalif toplum gruplar\u0131n\u0131n seslerini duyurabildikleri ortamlar, hatta sosyal medya platformlar\u0131 eri\u015fim engellemeleriyle sans\u00fcrleniyor. Oysa Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Konseyi, \u0130nternet eri\u015fimini temel bir insan hakk\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcm yurtta\u015flar\u0131n hakk\u0131 olan \u0130nternet, mutlaka ucuz, kesintisiz, h\u0131zl\u0131, sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz ve etkin bi\u00e7imde sunulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130nternet\u2019e eri\u015fim yaln\u0131zca ekonomik gerek\u00e7elerle de\u011fil, sans\u00fcrle de k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131yor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bilgisayar M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 ile Elektrik M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u015fu saptamalarla son buluyor: Demokratik, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve kalk\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fclke olman\u0131n temel ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan biri ileti\u015fim \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u0130nternet hizmetlerinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcksek fiyatlar\u0131, h\u0131z\/kota s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 ve sans\u00fcr politikalar\u0131, ileti\u015fimin ve do\u011fru bilgiye ula\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en \u00f6nemli engellerdir. T\u00fcrk Telekom ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeleri me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenegelen \u201cHizmet niteli\u011fi ve eri\u015filebilirli\u011fin serbest piyasa ko\u015fullar\u0131nda artaca\u011f\u0131\u201d iddias\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir \u00fclkenin ileti\u015fim altyap\u0131s\u0131 piyasaya terk edilemeyecek kadar \u00f6nemlidir. Altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, fiyat ve kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131, tek bir \u015firket ya da \u015firketlerin kararlar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131, kamu taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenip denetlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak<\/strong>: https:\/\/www.bmo.org.tr\/2019\/03\/04\/basin-aciklamasiucuz-hizli-kotasiz-sansursuz-internet\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternet\u2019te Adil Kullan\u0131m Noktas\u0131 (AKN) 2019 ba\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n i\u015fletmecilerin yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130nternet\u2019e eri\u015fim tarifelerinde kota uygulamas\u0131 halen s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Yurtta\u015flar\u0131n al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc zorlayan, y\u00fcksek \u00fccretli bu tarifelerdeki eri\u015fim h\u0131zlar\u0131 da \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n gereklerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda. Kotal\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zdaki, y\u00fcksek \u00fccretli tarifelerin nedeni ise \u00fclkemizin \u0130nternet altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi. Ancak t\u00fcm bunlar, kamu hizmeti olan ileti\u015fim ve \u0130nternet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":33222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,453],"tags":[1014,311,4665,797,4664],"class_list":["post-33221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-bilisim","tag-insan-haklari","tag-internet","tag-internet-erisim-hizi","tag-sansur","tag-turk-telekom"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t