![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/2-12-300x204.jpg\")
Karen Keskulla Uhlenbeck\u2019in ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bulunan denklemlerin, geometri ve fizik alanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda kariyerinin bir\u00e7ok alana yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oldu. Denklemlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan en etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri ise -ki bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Uhlenbeck taraf\u0131ndan da \u201cen gurur verici \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r- Jonathan Sacks ile birlikte yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ortaya konan \u201ckabarc\u0131klanma\u201d ad\u0131 verilen olgunun ke\u015ffiydi.<\/p>\n
Sacks ve Uhlenbeck, sabun liflerinin kendi enerjilerini en aza indiren \u015fekillere nas\u0131l eri\u015ftiklerini inceleyen ve matematiksel teori olan \u201cminimal alanlar\u201d \u00fczerine bir dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131lar. Ancak bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, enerjinin son derece yo\u011fun bir bi\u00e7imde topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ile g\u00f6lgelendi. Uhlenbeck, y\u00fczeyden ayr\u0131lan yeni bir baloncu\u011fun neden oldu\u011funu \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc ve genel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bu noktalara yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. Standart Par\u00e7ac\u0131k Fizi\u011fi Modeli\u2019nin temelini olu\u015fturan Klasik Elektromanyetik Alan Teorisi\u2019nin bir genellemesi olarak ortaya konan g\u00f6sterge alanlar\u0131n\u0131n matematiksel teorisi \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve bu alana ili\u015fkin benzer teknikleri kullanarak yeni bulgular elde etti.<\/p>\n
\u2018Onun, neyin do\u011fru olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair do\u011fal bir yetene\u011fi var\u2019 \u2018Bu me\u015fru bir isyand\u0131\u2019 Birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc akademisyenler, onun ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yeteneklerinin fark\u0131na vard\u0131 ve bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in onu cesaretlendirdi. Fakat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanda cinsiyet kimli\u011fi nedeniyle \u00f6nyarg\u0131lara maruz kalmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilemedi. Uhlenbeck, 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan biyografide bu durumu \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ifade etmi\u015f ve ele\u015ftirmi\u015fti: \u201cBize matematik alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00f6ylendi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc biz kad\u0131nd\u0131k. Ancak ben yapmam gereken ve yapmay\u0131 sevdi\u011fim \u015feyi yapmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu ayn\u0131 zamanda hayli me\u015fru bir isyand\u0131!\u201d<\/p>\n \u2018\u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fcn, kad\u0131n biliminsanlar\u0131na ilham vermesini umut ediyorum\u2019 Uhlenbeck kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6zelde matematik alan\u0131nda genelde ise bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kendilerine yer bulabilmeleri i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti. New Jersey\u2019de bulunan bir enstit\u00fcde \u201cKad\u0131nlar ve Matematik\u201d program\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc olan, \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki Warwick \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Londra Matematik Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 matematik\u00e7i Caroline Series, Uhlenbeck\u2019i tan\u0131mlan\u0131rken \u201cO, \u00e7ok say\u0131da kad\u0131n biliminsan\u0131 i\u00e7in nesiller boyunca muazzam bir rol model olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n Kad\u0131n biliminsanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi ile de bilinen Uhlenbeck 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD Ulusal Bilim Madalyas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00f6d\u00fcle lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Uhlenbeck, kendilerine \u00f6rnek oldu\u011fu kad\u0131n biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, adil temsiliyete giden yolun zorlu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak bu alanda m\u00fccadele etmenin bilime sunaca\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131lar\u0131n fark\u0131na vararak, bilimdeki erkek egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelede kad\u0131n biliminsanlar\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti.<\/p>\n Uhlenbeck, \u201cHepimiz biliyorduk ki, yasal engeller ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; kad\u0131nlar ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar akademinin kap\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u00e7eri girip haklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 alabilecektik\u201d diyor ve ekliyor: \u201cBu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn; Noether ve di\u011ferlerinin bana verdi\u011fi ilham gibi, yeni nesil kad\u0131n biliminsanlar\u0131na ilham vermesini umut ediyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n Kaynak<\/strong>: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-019-00932-1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ABD\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten matematik\u00e7i Karen Keskulla Uhlenbeck; analiz, geometri ve matematiksel fizik alanlar\u0131nda ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile 2019 Abel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. B\u00f6ylelikle Uhlenbeck, matematik alan\u0131n\u0131n en prestijli \u00f6d\u00fcllerinden biri olan ve Norve\u00e7 Bilim ve Edebiyat Akademisi taraf\u0131ndan 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana verilen Abel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc kazanan ilk kad\u0131n biliminsan\u0131 oldu. Nature\u2019a a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan Uhlenbeck, bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":33278,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[4679,288,557,4678,208],"class_list":["post-33277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-abel-odulu","tag-fizik","tag-kadin","tag-karen-uhlenbeck","tag-matematik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33277"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33277\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/strong>1980\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 iyice yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131ran Uhlenbeck; matematik ve fizik gibi birlikte b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bilim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleri ile tekrardan ileti\u015fim halinde olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederek, \u201cMatematik ve fizik aras\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek parlak d\u00f6nem, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u201d diyor. Matematik\u00e7ilerin \u201ckendi ba\u015flar\u0131na ke\u015ffedemedikleri\u201d \u015feyleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel fikirleri olan fizik\u00e7ilere, yine matematik\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a yararl\u0131 bilgilerin verildi\u011fini ifade eden ve matematik\u00e7ilerin bu ba\u011flamda kendilerini kan\u0131tlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Uhlenbeck\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131; matematik alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten di\u011fer tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f biliminsanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan da kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Matematik alan\u0131ndaki bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Uhlenbeck\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndan temel al\u0131yor. Konuya ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan Bath \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Mark Haskins, ayn\u0131 zamanda Uhlenbeck\u2019in doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi oldu\u011funu an\u0131msatarak her zaman nedenini a\u00e7\u0131klayamasalar da, \u201cUhlenbeck\u2019in neyin do\u011fru olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair do\u011fal bir yetene\u011fi\u201d bulunan matematik\u00e7ilerden biri oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. Uhlenbeck\u2019in \u00f6\u011frencisi olarak sordu\u011fu sorulara ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131tlar\u0131n bazen \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 boyutta oldu\u011funu ifade eden Haskins, \u201cGenellikle anl\u0131k tepki olarak, Karen\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fka bir soruya yan\u0131t verdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz; ancak ilerleyen d\u00f6nemde anlars\u0131n\u0131z ki, asl\u0131nda siz do\u011fru soruyu sormam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/3-8-300x169.jpg\")
\n<\/strong>1942 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cleveland\u2019da do\u011fan ve ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 New Jersey\u2019de ge\u00e7iren Uhlenbeck, \u00f6\u011frenmeye merakl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocuk olarak yeti\u015fti. 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir makalede \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda sahip oldu\u011fu merak duygusunu \u201cK\u00fct\u00fcphanede bilim hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn kitaplar\u0131 okudum, okuyacak bir \u015fey kalmay\u0131nca da sinirlerim bozuldu\u201d \u015feklinde \u00f6zetleyen Uhlenbeck, fizi\u011fe ve matemati\u011fe ilgi duymaya ba\u015flay\u0131p 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda Massachusetts\u2019de bulunan Brandeis \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden matematik alan\u0131nda doktora derecesi ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta g\u00f6rmezden gelinen ve hatta erkek meslekta\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan marjinalize edilen ancak zamanla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile \u201cdi\u011ferleri gibi\u201d de\u011fer g\u00f6rebilen Uhlenbeck, en son g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olan Austin\u2019deki Texas \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda emekli olarak akademideki g\u00f6revini tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/4-2-300x169.jpg\")