{"id":33360,"date":"2019-03-25T04:04:49","date_gmt":"2019-03-25T01:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=33360"},"modified":"2019-03-25T05:14:23","modified_gmt":"2019-03-25T02:14:23","slug":"33360","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/25\/33360","title":{"rendered":"Joy Milne\u2019nin \u00e7ok \u00f6zel burnu: Parkinson&#8217;un kokusunu alabiliyor!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biliminsanlar\u0131 Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc belirleyici bir kokuyu temel alan test geli\u015ftirdi. S\u00f6z konusu kokuyu hissetme becerisine sahip nadir ki\u015filerden biriyle yap\u0131lan ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda geli\u015ftirilen test, titreme ve di\u011fer klinik semptomlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan da \u00f6nce tan\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek. Test sayesinde doktorlar\u0131n hastalar\u0131 erkenden tespit etmesi ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok erken evresinde olan ki\u015fileri belirleyebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak. B\u00f6ylece bu ki\u015filer, beyin h\u00fccrelerini koruma alt\u0131na alan deneysel ila\u00e7lardan faydalanabilecek. Manchester \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Perdita Barran bu testin normal beyin ya\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131 Parkinson\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 beyin hasar\u0131n\u0131n ilk i\u015faretlerinden ay\u0131rt edebildi\u011fini belirtiyor ve ekliyor: \u201cKi\u015finin Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakalan\u0131p yakalanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 erkenden s\u00f6yleyebilmek b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda sa\u011flayacak.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parkinson\u2019un kokusunu almak kolay olmasa da hastal\u0131\u011fa \u00f6zg\u00fc misk kokusunu hissedebildiklerini bildiren ki\u015filer mevcut. Emekli hem\u015fire Joy Milne de bu \u2018s\u00fcper-koklay\u0131c\u0131lardan\u2019 biri. Kokuyu ilk defa kocas\u0131 Les\u2019e Parkinson tan\u0131s\u0131 konmadan 12 y\u0131l \u00f6nce fark etmi\u015f. Ancak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kokunun Parkinson\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fc oldu\u011funu y\u0131llar sonra, kocas\u0131yla birlikte kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hasta destek program\u0131nda, odadaki di\u011fer t\u00fcm hastalardan da ayn\u0131 kokunun geldi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce anlam\u0131\u015f. Biraz daha g\u00f6zlem yap\u0131p emin olunca konuyu Edinburgh \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan n\u00f6robiyolog Tilo Kunath\u2019a a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f. Kunath, Milne\u2019nin becerisini s\u0131namak \u00fczere ona hasta ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ki\u015filerin ti\u015f\u00f6rtlerini koklatm\u0131\u015f. Milne hasta ki\u015filerin ti\u015f\u00f6rtlerini sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olanlar\u0131nkinden m\u00fckemmelen ay\u0131rt edebilmi\u015f; hatta sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ti\u015f\u00f6rtlerden birinden daha ayn\u0131 kokunun geldi\u011fini belirtmi\u015f, ve nitekim sekiz ay sonra bu ti\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcn sahibine de Parkinson tan\u0131s\u0131 konmu\u015f. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131nda Kunath ve Milne\u2019nin i\u015fbirli\u011fine Barran da kat\u0131l\u0131p birlikte Parkinson\u2019a bu kokuyu veren ana bile\u015feni bulmaya koyulmu\u015flar. Ekip \u00f6ncelikle derideki bezelerden salg\u0131lanan mumsu s\u0131v\u0131daki, yani sebumdaki bile\u015fenlere, \u00f6zellikle de Milne\u2019nin kokunun en yo\u011fun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u0131rt\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na odaklanm\u0131\u015f. Parkinsonlu hastalardan ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerden al\u0131nan sebum \u00f6rneklerinde, k\u00fctle spektrometresi ad\u0131 verilen bir y\u00f6ntem arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, u\u00e7ucu kimyasallar\u0131n seviyesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Say\u0131lar\u0131 binleri bulan kokulu bile\u015fenler, farkl\u0131 gruplar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kokuda etkili oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen d\u00f6rt ana maddeye indirilebilmi\u015f. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ACS Central Science<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0dergisine sunan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu d\u00f6rt bile\u015fenin harmanlanmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kokunun Parkinson hastalar\u0131ndaki misk kokusuyla ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu Milne arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011frulad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Yap\u0131lan testlerde bu d\u00f6rt maddeden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn (eikozan, hip\u00fcrik asit ve oktadekanal) Parkinson hastalar\u0131nda normalden y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcn\u00fcn yani perilik aldehidin ise daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015f. \u015eimdilerde s\u0131ra testin Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce tespit edip edemeyece\u011fini anlama a\u015famas\u0131na geldi. Bunun i\u00e7in ekip Avusturya&#8217;da REM uyku bozukluklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131larla ortak bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flatt\u0131; zira bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n belli bir tipine sahip ki\u015filerin %50&#8217;sinde Parkinson geli\u015febilece\u011fi biliniyor. Barran t\u00fcm bu \u00e7aban\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle ifade ediyor: \u201cHastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 erkenden tespit edebilirsek harika olacak. B\u00f6ylece motor semptomlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmadan Parkinson&#8217;u yakalayabilecek bir test olacak elimizde.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te testin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin do\u011frulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 1000\u2019i a\u015fk\u0131n Parkinson hastas\u0131 ve y\u00fczlerce sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bireyin sebumlar\u0131 incelenecek. Ayr\u0131ca kokudaki de\u011fi\u015fimlerin hastal\u0131kta ilerlemeyi yans\u0131t\u0131p yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ya da Parkinson\u2019un farkl\u0131 tipleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na bak\u0131lacak. Innsburck T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden n\u00f6roloji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u015fefi Werner Poewe\u2019nin de belirtti\u011fi \u00fczere Parkinson\u2019un te\u015fhisini erkenden ve do\u011fru bi\u00e7imde koymak hastalara en do\u011fru tavsiye ve tedavileri sunmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Poewe\u2019nin ifadesiyle Parkinson\u2019un kokusuna ili\u015fkin ke\u015fif, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 invazif olmayan bir test arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6sterdi\u011finden b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle yeni bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sunuyor. Tek ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan, hastan\u0131n ense b\u00f6lgesinde doland\u0131r\u0131lacak bir par\u00e7a gazl\u0131 bez!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu sayede Parkinson&#8217;un tipik i\u015faretlerini ve semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz tam olarak geli\u015ftirmemi\u015f olan erken evredeki ki\u015filerin, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 geciktirme ya da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen engelleme vaadi ta\u015f\u0131yan yeni tedavilerle bulu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 umuyor. Markette dolan\u0131rken a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kokulu raflardan uzak durmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirecek kadar hassas bir koku alma yetene\u011fine sahip Milne\u2019nin kokusunu ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka hastal\u0131klar da var. Mesela Alzheimer\u2019\u0131n daha \u00e7ok vanilya gibi koktu\u011funu, kanserinse topra\u011f\u0131ms\u0131 bir kokusunun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ama bunlardan \u00f6nce Milne ve Manchester grubunun hedefinde belirleyici kokusundaki kimyasallar\u0131 tespit edilecek bir ba\u015fka hastal\u0131k daha var: T\u00fcberk\u00fcloz, yani verem!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Kaynak<br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ian Sample, \u201c\u2018Super-smeller&#8217; helps develop swab test for Parkinson&#8217;s disease\u201d, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Guardian<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 20 Mart 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biliminsanlar\u0131 Parkinson hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc belirleyici bir kokuyu temel alan test geli\u015ftirdi. S\u00f6z konusu kokuyu hissetme becerisine sahip nadir ki\u015filerden biriyle yap\u0131lan ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda geli\u015ftirilen test, titreme ve di\u011fer klinik semptomlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan da \u00f6nce tan\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek. Test sayesinde doktorlar\u0131n hastalar\u0131 erkenden tespit etmesi ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok erken evresinde olan ki\u015fileri belirleyebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":184,"featured_media":33351,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,4692,4696],"tags":[4694,4695,4693],"class_list":["post-33360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyokimya","category-tip","tag-hastaliklarin-kokusu","tag-parkinson","tag-parkinson-koku-testi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/184"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33360"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33360\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}