{"id":33375,"date":"2019-03-26T03:50:49","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T00:50:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=33375"},"modified":"2019-03-26T16:50:55","modified_gmt":"2019-03-26T13:50:55","slug":"20-mart-2019-denizli-acipayam-depremi-burdur-fethiye-makaslama-zonunun-varligina-kanit-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/26\/20-mart-2019-denizli-acipayam-depremi-burdur-fethiye-makaslama-zonunun-varligina-kanit-mi","title":{"rendered":"20 Mart 2019 Denizli-Ac\u0131payam Depremi, Burdur-Fethiye Makaslama Zonu\u2019nun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kan\u0131t m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi, Jeofizik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc E. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki Afrika Levhas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n aktif dalma-batma zonunun kuzeyi boyunca yerle\u015fen Helenik Yay\u0131, Anaximander Da\u011flar\u0131, Rodos ve Finike basenleri, Bat\u0131 Toros da\u011flar\u0131 ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun grabenle\u015fme (\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc havzas\u0131) hareketleri olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir tektonik rejimi sergilemektedir. Bu b\u00f6lgede dalan Afrika levhas\u0131 litosferinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki Ege ve Anadolu levhalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde da\u011f olu\u015fumu, grabenle\u015fme, b\u00fcy\u00fck yanal at\u0131ml\u0131 faylanmalar ve dalan litosfer (slab) y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi farkl\u0131 karakterde tektonik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Karada ve denizde s\u00fcren jeolojik ve jeofizik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, GPS teknikleriyle elde edilen kabuk hareket verileri, deprem etkinli\u011finin ve fay d\u00fczlemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki g\u00fcncel jeolojik olgular\u0131 ve tektonik hareketleri daha iyi anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Helenik Yay\u0131\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu ucunun K\u0131br\u0131s Yay\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131 ucuna yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanda yer alan ve sol yanl\u0131 bir do\u011frultu at\u0131m bile\u015feni oldu\u011fu \u00f6nerilen KD-GB y\u00f6nelimli Pliny Transform hareketi, son y\u0131llardaki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 STEP zonunun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak yorumlanmaktad\u0131r. Afrika levhas\u0131n\u0131n dalan litosferinin bu noktada (Finike k\u00f6rfezi civar\u0131nda) bat\u0131 Anadolu geni\u015fleme b\u00f6lgesi ile merkezi Anadolu platosu aras\u0131nda bir tektonik ayr\u0131m arac\u0131 gibi Anadolu\u2019nun i\u00e7lerine y\u00f6nelmesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuvvet kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu soru doksanl\u0131 y\u0131llardan bu yana tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re Burdur-Fethiye Makaslama Zonu\u2019nun (BFMZ) Isparta \u00dc\u00e7geni\u2019nin bat\u0131 kanad\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve sol yanal at\u0131ml\u0131 bir fay zonu olarak g\u00fcneydeki Pliny Transform zonuna eklemlendi\u011fi belirtilmektedir (\u015eekil 1).<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 1. Pliny Transform ve Burdur-Fethiye Makaslama Zonu\u2019nun yak\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki sismotektonik yap\u0131larla ili\u015fkisi. B\u00fcy\u00fck oklar Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun ve Afrika Levhas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hareket y\u00f6nlerini g\u00f6sterirler. Kuzey-g\u00fcney y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yerle\u015ftilen kesikli \u00e7izgi Bat\u0131 Anadolu ile Merkezi Anadolu tektonik karakteristiklerini ay\u0131ran hat olarak \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir. \u015eekil Elitez ve di\u011f. (2016)\u2019dan de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 daireler 1900-2018 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmu\u015f ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri 4.0 ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck depremlerin yerlerini g\u00f6sterir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alternatif baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere g\u00f6re BFMZ \u00f6nemli derecede do\u011frultu at\u0131m niteli\u011fi g\u00f6stermeyen normal faylanma zonu olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Yine di\u011fer bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ise BFMZ\u2019nin aktif varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir bulgu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Anadolu levhas\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de yenilenen GPS \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 hareket y\u00f6nleri, deniz ve karada yeni jeolojik ve jeofizik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve deprem fay d\u00fczlemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde Pliny transformuna do\u011fru uzanan Burdur-Fethiye aras\u0131nda sol yanl\u0131 bir transform hareketinin kinematik olarak gereklili\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim bug\u00fcne kadar Burdur-Fethiye g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131nda yap\u0131lan jeoloji, sismoloji ve GPS \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fczlerce aktif sol yanl\u0131 do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 ve normal faylardan olu\u015fan geni\u015f ve karma\u015f\u0131k bir deformasyon zonunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda 300 km uzunlukta ve 75-90 km aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen geni\u015flikteki bu zon boyunca Orta Miyosen (12 Milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce) ve Kuvaterner (2 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce) yas\u0327l\u0131 KD-GB dog\u0306rultulu fay ve havzalarla karakterize edilen bir geni\u015f makaslama hareketi g\u00f6zlenmektedir. BFMZ boyunca sol yanl\u0131 hareket kuzeyde 3-4 cm\/y\u0131l\u2019a, g\u00fcneyde ise 8-10 cm\/y\u0131l\u2019a ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r (\u015eekil 2).<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 2. Burdur-Fethiye Makaslama Zonu (BFMZ) ve \u00e7evresindeki depremsellik (AFAD), aktif faylar (Bozcu ve di\u011f., 2007), 20 Mart 2019 tarihinde olu\u015fan 5.7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki Ac\u0131payam depremin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc M:3 ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olan art\u00e7\u0131 depremleri (daire i\u00e7erisinde ) ve Ac\u0131payam depreminin fay d\u00fczlemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc (KRDAE). BFMZ\u2019na yak\u0131n \u00e7izilen ters y\u00f6nl\u00fc oklar fay zonunu sol yanl\u0131 hareketini simgeler.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>BFMZ, depremselli\u011fi olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek bir makaslama zonudur ve bu zon i\u00e7erisinde 22 Kas\u0131m 1963 Tefenni depremi (Ms:4.6), 13 Haziran 1965 Honaz (Denizli) depremi (Mw:5.9), 14 Ocak 1969 Fethiye-Ka\u015f depremi (Mw:6.3), 12 May\u0131s 1971\u2019de (Mw:5.8) Burdur depremi ve art\u00e7\u0131 depremleri b\u00f6lgede \u00e7ok say\u0131da hasar yapm\u0131\u015f ve insan kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan depremler olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Depremlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu normal ve oblik (do\u011frultu at\u0131m+d\u00fc\u015fey at\u0131m) fay \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri vermektedir. BFMZ\u2019nun orta kesiminde \u00c7ameli, G\u00f6lhisar ve Ac\u0131payam basenleri yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu basenler yo\u011fun \u015fekilde gen\u00e7 \u00e7\u00f6keller i\u00e7erirler. Go\u0308lhisar ilc\u0327esinde bulunan Kibyra antik kentinde tarihsel d\u00f6nemde y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 depremlere maruz kalan kentteki jeolojik ve antik yap\u0131lar \u00fczerinde olu\u015fan yanal hareketler do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 faylanmalara i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Morfolojik ve jeolojik olarak olduk\u00e7a belirgin olan Ac\u0131payam baseninde 20 Mart 2019\u2019da Mw:5.7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki kuvvetli bir deprem olmu\u015f, deprem \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u0131rsal yap\u0131da hasara neden olmu\u015ftur. Depremi \u00e7ok say\u0131da art\u00e7\u0131 deprem izlemi\u015ftir (\u015eekil 3).<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 3. 20 Mart 2019\u2019da Ac\u0131payam\u2019da 25 Mart 2019\u2019a kadar olan depremlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n istatisti\u011fi (KRDAE).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Depremin fay d\u00fczlemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc KB-GD do\u011frultulu normal faylanmad\u0131r ve Ac\u0131payam basenin uzan\u0131m\u0131 ile tam uyumludur. 20 Mart 2019 depremi BFMZ\u2019nun makaslama etkinli\u011fi alt\u0131nda geli\u015fen bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc havzas\u0131 (basen) hareketini temsil eder. BFMZ i\u00e7erisinde yer alan bu KD-GB y\u00f6nl\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6kme\/geni\u015fleme hareketinin, KD-GB do\u011frultulu Burdur-Fethiye Makaslama Zonu\u2019nun \u00fczerindeki sol yanl\u0131 do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 deformasyonun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc basen olu\u015fumuyla bo\u015faltma ihtiyac\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

REFERANSLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Alc\u0327ic\u0327ek, M.C., ten Veen, J.H. & O\u0308zkul, M., 2006. Neotectonic development of the C\u0327ameli Basin, southwestern Anatolia, Turkey. In: Robertson, A.H.F., Mountrakis, D. (Eds.), Tectonic Development of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 260, 591\u2013611.<\/p>\n

2) Barka, A. & Reilinger, R., 1997. Active tectonics of the eastern Mediterranean region: deduced from GPS, neotectonic and seismicity data. Ann. Geofis. 40, 587\u2013611.<\/p>\n

3) Biryol, C. B.,\u00a0Beck\u00a0S. L., Zandt, G. &\u00a0\u00d6zacar, A. A., 2011.\u00a0Segmented African lithosphere beneath the Anatolian region inferred from teleseismic\u00a0P-wave tomography\u00a0Geophysical Journal International, Volume 184, Issue 3, March 2011, 1037\u20131057.<\/p>\n

4) Bozcu, M., Yag\u0306murlu, F. & \u015eentu\u0308rk, M., 2007.\u00a0Fethiye-Burdur fay zonunun baz\u0131 neotektonik ve paleosismolojik o\u0308zellikleri, GB-Tu\u0308rkiye, Jeoloji Mu\u0308hendislig\u0306i Dergisi, 31 (1), 2007, 25-48.<\/p>\n

5) Elitez, \u0130., Yalt\u0131rak, C. & Aktug\u0306, B., 2016. Extensional and compressional regime driven left-lateral shear in southwestern Anatolia (eastern Mediterranean): The Burdur-Fethiye Shear Zone, Tectonophysics 688, 26\u201335.<\/p>\n

6) Eyido\u011fan, H. & Barka, A., 1997. The 1 October 1995 Dinar Earthquake, SW Turkey, Terra Nova, 8, 479-485.<\/p>\n

7) Hall, J., Aksu, A.E., King, H., Gogacz, A., Yalt\u0131rak, C. & C\u0327ifc\u0327i, G., 2014. Miocene-Recent evolution of the western Antalya Basin and its linkage with the Isparta Angle, eastern Mediterranean. Mar. Geol. 349, 1\u201323.<\/p>\n

8) Kaymakc\u0327\u0131, N., O\u0308zacar, A., O\u0308zkaptan, M., Koc\u0327, A., Gu\u0308lyu\u0308z, E., Lefebvre, C., Uzel, B., Langereis, C. & So\u0308zbilir, H., 2014.\u00a0Fethiye\u2013Burdur Fault Zone: a myth? The 8th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology (ISEMG-8). Mug\u0306la, Turkey, 13\u201317 October 2014, p. 54.<\/p>\n

9) \u00d6zbak\u0131r, A. D., Govers, R. & Wortel, R., 2017.\u00a0 Active faults in the Anatolian-Aegean plate boundary region with Nubia,\u00a0Turkish J Earth Sci (2017) 26: 30-56.<\/p>\n

10) Price, P. C. & Scott, B., 1994. Fault-block Rotations at the Edge of A Zone of Continental Extension, Southwest Turkey, J. Struct. Geology 16, 381\u2013392.<\/p>\n

11) Schildgen, T.F., Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, C., Cosentino, D. & Strecker, M.R., 2014. Linking slab break-off, Hellenic trench retreat, and uplift of the Central and Eastern Anatolian plateaus,Earth-Science Reviews 128 (2014), 147\u2013168.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi, Jeofizik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc E. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki Afrika Levhas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n aktif dalma-batma zonunun kuzeyi boyunca yerle\u015fen Helenik Yay\u0131, Anaximander Da\u011flar\u0131, Rodos ve Finike basenleri, Bat\u0131 Toros da\u011flar\u0131 ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun grabenle\u015fme (\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc havzas\u0131) hareketleri olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir tektonik rejimi sergilemektedir. Bu b\u00f6lgede dalan Afrika levhas\u0131 litosferinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki Ege ve Anadolu levhalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1575,"featured_media":33379,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,217],"tags":[4700,691,4698,4699],"class_list":["post-33375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-cevre-bilimleri","tag-denizli-acipayam-depremi","tag-deprem","tag-fay-zonu","tag-makaslama-zonu"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1575"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33375"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33375\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}