{"id":34511,"date":"2019-05-30T00:00:59","date_gmt":"2019-05-29T21:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=34511"},"modified":"2019-05-29T14:55:15","modified_gmt":"2019-05-29T11:55:15","slug":"kahramani-donusturen-zaman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/05\/30\/kahramani-donusturen-zaman","title":{"rendered":"Kahraman\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren zaman"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ocuklu\u011fumda eve telefon ba\u011flatmak i\u00e7in PTT\u2019de listeye yaz\u0131l\u0131p s\u0131ra bekledi\u011fimizi hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Televizyon \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p, 00:00\u2019da yine \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ile sona ererdi, bizi Necefli ma\u015frapa ile ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rakarak\u2026 D\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evirmeli telefon kullanan yeti\u015fkinlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131na h\u00e2l\u00e2 yabanc\u0131l\u0131k hissediyor. Ansiklopedi sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7ocuklardan, internette s\u00f6rf yapan gen\u00e7lere ve oradan da \u201cgooglelayan\u201d yeti\u015fkinlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce bir hayli \u00f6m\u00fcr t\u00fcketti\u011fimiz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ortaya. Kapal\u0131 bir toplumken d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede d\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki her \u015feyi h\u0131zla b\u00fcnyesine katmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir toplumun teknolojiyle ili\u015fkisi ona eri\u015fimiyle, biraz da dengesiz bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mla elbette, \u015fekillendi\/\u015fekilleniyor. Teknolojinin i\u00e7ine do\u011fan orta, \u00fcst-orta ekonomik s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce bile teknolojinin insan hayat\u0131na etkileri ile ilgili sosyolojik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar, felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler cephesinde zay\u0131f bir \u00fclkeyiz muhtemelen. Bu y\u00fczden Ernst J\u00fcnger\u2019in Cam Ar\u0131lar<\/em>\u2019\u0131 gibi kitaplar bir yandan zorlay\u0131c\u0131, bir yandan da ufuk a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ernst J\u00fcnger uzun s\u00fcren hayat\u0131nda iki b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, bu sava\u015flarda asker olarak cephelerde bulunmu\u015f bir yazar. Belki de bu y\u00fczden, roman\u0131n kahraman\u0131 eski bir s\u00fcvari. Zaman i\u00e7inde k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n yerini silahlar\u0131n, atlar\u0131n yerini tanklar\u0131n almas\u0131 ile askerli\u011fin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcz\u00fclerek izleyen eski bir asker.<\/p>\n

Askerlik bitince bir daha bir yere ait olamayan Richard ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. Devrin de\u011fi\u015fimini, teknolojinin hayat\u0131m\u0131za giri\u015fini \u00f6z\u00fcmseyen eski arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan Twinnings bir i\u015f i\u00e7in ona arac\u0131 olunca kabul etmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7aresi kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Evde bekleyen Theresa\u2019y\u0131 daha fazla mutsuz etmeye cesareti yoktur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. \u00c7aresiz bir \u015fekilde m\u00fcstakbel i\u015fvereni Zapparoni ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye gider. Roman bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi anlat\u0131yor denebilir kabaca. Hik\u00e2yenin temeli bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeden ibaret ama bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda Richard\u2019\u0131n teknolojiye, hayata, vicdana, g\u00fcce, iktidara dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine tan\u0131k oluyoruz daha \u00e7ok. Neredeyse hi\u00e7 diyalog i\u00e7ermeyen ilgin\u00e7 bir roman var kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda. Kitaba ad\u0131n\u0131 veren cam ar\u0131lar, zaman\u0131n teknoloji \u00fcreticisi Zapparoni\u2019nin bir icad\u0131. Richard onlar\u0131 ke\u015ffedince do\u011fan\u0131n devinimini taklit eden teknolojiyi izleyerek hem hayran oluyor, hem de \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131yor. Eski ile yeni aras\u0131nda, ge\u00e7mi\u015fe romantik bir \u00f6zlemle gelece\u011fin zalimli\u011fi aras\u0131nda gidip gelen insano\u011flu gibi, bu programlanm\u0131\u015f otomat ar\u0131larla ger\u00e7ek ar\u0131lar aras\u0131nda benzerlik ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klara bakarak pek \u00e7ok kavram\u0131 sorguluyor. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fclere kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011fru olan\u0131 savunmak; sistem d\u0131\u015f\u0131na at\u0131lmay\u0131 g\u00f6ze almak, her an d\u00fczenin \u00e7arklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclmek, hatta ve hatta davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in su\u00e7lanmak demek olabilir. Ba\u015f\u0131na gelenlerden, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fundan beri ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131radan hayat\u0131ndan biliyor bunu Richard. Gen\u00e7lik hayallerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e nas\u0131l par\u00e7a par\u00e7a terk edildi\u011fini, bunu ba\u015faramayanlar\u0131n hayattan nas\u0131l koptu\u011funu camdan atlayarak intihar eden eski arkada\u015f\u0131 Lorenz\u2019den biliyor. \u00c7ocuklu\u011funda bir mahalle kavgas\u0131nda kalabal\u0131k bir grupla tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00f6vmeye vicdan\u0131 el vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in yedi\u011fi dayaklardan biliyor. \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamana bakarsan\u0131z bir \u201ckaybeden\u201d o. Do\u011fru ata oynamay\u0131 hi\u00e7 beceremeyen eski bir s\u00fcvari. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca, kalben zaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f, b\u00fct\u00fcn hayat\u0131 da bu do\u011frultuda \u015fekillenmi\u015f. Oysa Zapparoni\u2019nin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 tam olarak zaman\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131. Hatta bug\u00fcnden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bile kolayl\u0131kla \u201cbug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131\u201d diyebiliriz. Roman\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne yay\u0131lan sorgulamalar, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar bug\u00fcn de s\u0131kl\u0131kla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z durumlar.<\/p>\n

Richard\u2019\u0131n cam ar\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 izlemesini yans\u0131tan sayfalar kitab\u0131n en ilgin\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturuyor. Yazar o kadar iyi tarif etmi\u015f ki ar\u0131lar\u0131n devinimini, o ar\u0131lar\u0131n yazar\u0131n g\u00f6zlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde u\u00e7tu\u011funa inand\u0131r\u0131yor okuru. G\u00f6zlemin ve betimlemenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 bu. \u201c\u00c7ay\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde otlayan ar\u0131lar, k\u00e2h g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde bembeyaz k\u00f6p\u00fck misali sal\u0131nan bulutlara dek y\u00fckseliyor, k\u00e2h \u00e7ay\u0131rlar\u0131n renkli derinliklerine dal\u0131p dal\u0131p \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu.\u201d Bunun gibi c\u00fcmlelerle ar\u0131lar d\u00fcrb\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn ucunda kanat \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131yor. Bir yandan da yapay ar\u0131 kolonilerine dair algoritmalar\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor roman\u0131n bu k\u0131sm\u0131. Evrim tabanl\u0131 algoritmalar\u0131n pek \u00e7ok m\u00fchendislik alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde roman\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi otomasyon, robotlar ve teknoloji bizler i\u00e7in ger\u00e7e\u011fe olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n. \u00dcstelik teknolojinin geldi\u011fi noktada, insanlar\u0131n yerini almaya aday robotlar ve sistemlerin s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulursa, teknolojinin insanlar\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcrece\u011fi yeri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bile olabilir. J\u00fcnger\u2019in bir yandan hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran teknolojinin ilk anda akla gelmeyecek \u015fekillerde hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7evreyle ilgili sistemleri nas\u0131l baltalayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden altm\u0131\u015f k\u00fcsur y\u0131l \u00f6nce fark etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 da kitab\u0131n ba\u015fka bir dikkate de\u011fer y\u00f6n\u00fc. Yine g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde teknolojinin ne kadar pe\u015findeysek; eskiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, do\u011fal hayat, organik beslenme, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam gibi hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 basitle\u015ftirmeye de bir o kadar \u00f6nem veri\u015fimizi Zapparoni\u2019nin hayat\u0131nda okumak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n neredeyse tek ki\u015filik d\u00fcnyas\u0131, yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamandan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini h\u00e2l\u00e2 koruyan ikilemleri, yer yer dikkati \u00fczerinde toplamakta zorlasa da, olduk\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde ortaya koyuyor. Sanayi, \u00fcretim ve toplumsal sistem \u00fczerine h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyan pek \u00e7ok temel kayg\u0131y\u0131 bir romandan beklenenin \u00fczerinde yo\u011funlukta verse de okumaya ve \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye de\u011fer. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu bir sosyoloji veya iktisat kitab\u0131 de\u011fil, klasik bir roman.<\/p>\n

Cam Ar\u0131lar, Ernst J\u00fcnger, \u00c7ev. Mert Moral\u0131, Jaguar Kitap, 2018, 192 s.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ocuklu\u011fumda eve telefon ba\u011flatmak i\u00e7in PTT\u2019de listeye yaz\u0131l\u0131p s\u0131ra bekledi\u011fimizi hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Televizyon \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p, 00:00\u2019da yine \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ile sona ererdi, bizi Necefli ma\u015frapa ile ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rakarak\u2026 D\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evirmeli telefon kullanan yeti\u015fkinlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131na h\u00e2l\u00e2 yabanc\u0131l\u0131k hissediyor. Ansiklopedi sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7ocuklardan, internette s\u00f6rf yapan gen\u00e7lere ve oradan da \u201cgooglelayan\u201d yeti\u015fkinlere […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":742,"featured_media":34512,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4852,38,513,510,511],"tags":[4877],"class_list":["post-34511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-184-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kitapcil","category-surekli-bolumler","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-cam-arilar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t