{"id":34572,"date":"2019-06-03T07:00:54","date_gmt":"2019-06-03T04:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=34572"},"modified":"2019-06-03T06:29:01","modified_gmt":"2019-06-03T03:29:01","slug":"sanayilesmenin-bedelini-sperm-sayisindaki-azalmayla-mi-oduyoruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/06\/03\/sanayilesmenin-bedelini-sperm-sayisindaki-azalmayla-mi-oduyoruz","title":{"rendered":"Sanayile\u015fmenin bedelini sperm say\u0131s\u0131ndaki azalmayla m\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcyoruz?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sanayile\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin, \u00f6zellikle de Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesi \u00f6l\u00e7eklerindeki liderli\u011fine al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Ancak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki bu sanayile\u015fmenin, en az\u0131ndan izlenen yol \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde, \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir bedeli var: Do\u011furganl\u0131k kayb\u0131. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andrology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> dergisinin May\u0131s 2019 say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla uyar\u0131 sinyalini veren \u00fclke ise, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n rehaf d\u00fczeyi en y\u00fcksek seviyelerdeki g\u00f6zbebeklerinden \u0130svi\u00e7re. Cenevre \u00dcniversitesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015flar\u0131 18-22 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen 2.523 erkek birey \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sperm kalitesi analizinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 orta vadede n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dahi etkileyecek d\u00fczeyde bir gerilemenin s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. \u00dclkenin farkl\u0131 eyaletlerinden gelip askerlik g\u00f6revi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuran gen\u00e7lerden ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131lmaya g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olanlar \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin sperm kalitesi anlam\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en geri \u00fclkesi oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda sperm say\u0131s\u0131, hareketlili\u011fi ve \u015fekline getirdi\u011fi normal s\u0131n\u0131rlar temel al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mililitrede 47 ila 128 milyon spermlik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n en gerisinde kalanlar, \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019den sonra Almanya, Danimarka ve Norve\u00e7. Skalan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ucunda ise Finlandiya, Estonya, Latviya, Litvanya ve \u0130spanya yer al\u0131yor. Peki sanayile\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde ortalama sperm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 elli y\u0131lda 99 milyon\/mL\u2019den 47 milyon\/mL\u2019ye, yani neredeyse yar\u0131 seviyesine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren temel etken ne? Genetik mi? Hay\u0131r. Ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 m\u0131? Bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asl\u0131nda sperm kalitesindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc g\u00f6steren ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar doksanlarda yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Ancak t\u00fcp bebek ve benzeri y\u00f6ntemlerdeki ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok yukar\u0131lara ta\u015f\u0131yan geli\u015fmeler meselenin rafa kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep oldu. Oysa do\u011furganl\u0131ktaki sorun oldu\u011fu yerde kal\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam etti. \u00d6yle ki bug\u00fcn erkek do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede esasl\u0131 bir sosyal kriz noktas\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. 12 ay boyunca korumas\u0131z cinsel ili\u015fkinin d\u00f6llenmeyle sonu\u00e7lanmamas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131k, sperm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n mililitrede 15 milyonun alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesiyle ba\u015fl\u0131yor, ancak 40 milyon ve alt\u0131, do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskli b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u0130svi\u00e7re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 gen\u00e7 \u0130svi\u00e7reli erkeklerin ortalama 47 milyon\/mL ile bu s\u0131n\u0131ra \u00e7ok yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Biraz daha detaya inildi\u011finde 15 milyon\/mL\u2019lik s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7emeyenlerin oran\u0131 %15; sperm formu bozuklu\u011funa sahip olanlar\u0131nki %43, sperm hareketlili\u011finde sorun ya\u015fayanlar\u0131nki ise %25. Sonu\u00e7ta gen\u00e7lerin %60\u2019\u0131nda analize tabi tutulan \u00fc\u00e7 parametreden biri bozuk. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n aile \u00f6yk\u00fclerinin de incelendi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe neyin sebep oldu\u011funa dair baz\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verilmi\u015f. \u00d6rne\u011fin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sperm yo\u011funlu\u011funun istatistiksel a\u00e7\u0131dan anlaml\u0131 d\u00fczeyde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi temel etken, hamilelikte annenin sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcketilen g\u0131dalarla, \u00f6zellikle et \u00fcr\u00fcnleriyle v\u00fccuda al\u0131nan \u00f6stradiol; plastik e\u015fyalardaki bisfenoller; ya da sperm \u00fcretiminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi 34 derecelik<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bozan dar pantolonlar\u2026 Bunlar\u0131n hepsi sperm \u00fcretimini sekteye u\u011fratan irili ufakl\u0131 sebepler. Fakat \u00f6ylesine yayg\u0131n ve sistematik bir etken var ki ka\u00e7mak pek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor: Tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan pestisitler yani b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cenevre \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda b\u00f6lgesel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ortaya konmam\u0131\u015f; bu anlamda k\u0131rsal alanla \u015fehirler aras\u0131ndaki fark sonu\u00e7 d\u00fczeyinde kendini g\u00f6stermiyor. Ancak bu fark\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya kondu\u011fu ba\u015fka pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma var. Missouri \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nin 2003\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 analiz bunlardan en bilineni. Buna g\u00f6re ABD\u2019nin \u015fehirle\u015fme d\u00fczeyi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren d\u00f6rt b\u00f6lgesinde, Missouri, California, Minnesota ve New York\u2019ta y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada en y\u00fcksek sperm say\u0131s\u0131, hi\u00e7 tar\u0131m alan\u0131 bulunmayan New York \u015fehri sakinlerine ait \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Fransa\u2019da t\u00fcp bebek merkezlerine ba\u015fvuran, do\u011furgan olmayan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u015fleri \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f 2014 tarihli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada da benzer sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f: Tar\u0131m alan\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin b\u00f6lgelerin sakinlerinde sperm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n daha az oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00fcfusun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyretti\u011fi on binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k avc\u0131-toplay\u0131c\u0131 ya\u015famdan sonra modern insan\u0131n n\u00fcfusundaki ilk katlanma tar\u0131ma ge\u00e7i\u015fle olmu\u015f, ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fcme ise sanayile\u015fmeyle ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki sanayile\u015fmi\u015f tar\u0131m, g\u0131da miktar\u0131n\u0131 katlayarak sa\u011fkal\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131rmak gibi dolayl\u0131 etkilere sahip olmakla birlikte, evrimin ve do\u011fal se\u00e7ilimin kalbinde yatan do\u011furganl\u0131k ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 de olumlu etkilemiyor. \u00c7ocuk sahibi olma ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131n da do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri ya\u015flara h\u0131zla \u00e7ekildi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda erkek do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n girdi\u011fi darbo\u011faz n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek \u00f6nemli bir sosyal sorun olmaya aday. Bu sorun t\u00fcp bebek merkezleriyle ne kadar a\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve -kendi a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan bakacak olursak- pestisitlerden pek de uzak durmayan bir tar\u0131m \u00fclkesi olan T\u00fcrkiye bu sorunun neresinde, merak konusu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Kaynak<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rahban R. ve ark., \u201cSemen quality of young men in Switzerland: a nationwide cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study\u201d, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andrology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 21 May\u0131s 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sanayile\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin, \u00f6zellikle de Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesi \u00f6l\u00e7eklerindeki liderli\u011fine al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Ancak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki bu sanayile\u015fmenin, en az\u0131ndan izlenen yol \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde, \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir bedeli var: Do\u011furganl\u0131k kayb\u0131. Andrology dergisinin May\u0131s 2019 say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla uyar\u0131 sinyalini veren \u00fclke ise, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n rehaf d\u00fczeyi en y\u00fcksek seviyelerdeki g\u00f6zbebeklerinden \u0130svi\u00e7re. Cenevre \u00dcniversitesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":184,"featured_media":34576,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,1,33],"tags":[4889,4891,4890],"class_list":["post-34572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-genel","category-saglik-bilimleri","tag-dogurganlik-kaybi","tag-pestisitler-ve-dogurganlik","tag-sperm-kalitesi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/184"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34572"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34572\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}