B\u00fcy\u00fck ozan\u0131m\u0131z Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in politik ve kuramsal konular\u0131 ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda, tam da Nazizm\u2019in Almanya\u2019da y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi d\u00f6nemde yay\u0131mlanan \u201cAlman Fa\u015fizmi ve Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitab\u0131 (Kader Bas\u0131mevi) bulunur.<\/p>\n
Naz\u0131m Hikmet kitab\u0131nda tarih boyunca ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0131rk kuramlar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r ve esas olarak fa\u015fizmin ideologlar\u0131n tezlerinin ele\u015ftirisine yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Kitab\u0131n bilim-fa\u015fizm ili\u015fkisini ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hikmet, ilerici oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde materyalizme meyleden ve bilimi geli\u015ftiren burjuvazinin, iktidar\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra yeniden idealizme d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131ktan sonra Alman fa\u015fistlerinin bilime yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r. Yaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcslubuna dokunmadan baz\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrk\u00e7esindeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 vererek aktar\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n
\u201cHer bilimsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin temeli olan nedensellik (causalite) prensibini reddederek sun\u2019i irrasyonalizm devrini a\u00e7an Nietzsche\u2019dir.<\/p>\n
\u201cFakat Spengler ondan daha ileri gitti. Ona g\u00f6re sebep-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin icat etti\u011fi kategorilerden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Splenger\u2019e g\u00f6re tarih \u201csebepsiz\u201d ak\u0131p gider. Ve bundan dolay\u0131 da tarihi tetkik etmek bilimsel de\u011fil, \u015fairane bir u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cFa\u015fist ideologlar \u2018her \u00e7e\u015fit ilmi safray\u0131\u2019 kald\u0131r\u0131p at\u0131yorlar. Onlar\u0131n s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 kavramlar \u2018b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck\u2019, \u2018mistik sentez\u2019, \u2018ruh\u2019 ve \u2018\u0131rk\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u201cRosenberg\u2019e g\u00f6re nesnel ger\u00e7ek yoktur. Bilimlerin objektif ger\u00e7ekler bulmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abalamalar\u0131 bo\u015funad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc: \u2018Bir \u0131rk\u0131n idrak edebilece\u011fi en y\u00fcksek bilgi, onun ilk dini mitlerinde tamamen sakl\u0131d\u0131r.\u2019 <\/em>(Rosenberg)<\/p>\n \u201cMesele ortada. Her kavmin kendine has bir alemi vard\u0131r, t\u0131pk\u0131 kendine has burnu, sa\u00e7\u0131, endam\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi?!.. Ve demek oluyor ki insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinde \u2018\u00c2demle Havva\u2019 devrinden beri hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bundan yirmi otuz as\u0131r \u00f6nce \u0130skandinavya\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00f6tonlar, Hitler\u2019in Nasyonal-Sosyalizmine \u00e2\u015finayd\u0131lar; nas\u0131l ki, ayn\u0131 as\u0131rlar\u0131n Semitleri de Marksist\u2019tiler?. Bundan dolay\u0131 da felsefenin i\u015fi \u015fudur:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2018Tarihte g\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fct\u00fcn felsefeler ancak hayati gayeleriyle ve baz\u0131 \u0131rklar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle ili\u015fkili olarak anla\u015f\u0131labilir\u2026 Bir kavimde k\u00f6keninde bulunan ve bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc onun i\u00e7in hay\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 o kavmin en tabii bir ifadesi olan bir (felsefe), cevheri ba\u015fka olan bir kavim i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlike olabilir ve hatta onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet verebilir.\u2019 <\/em>(Hitler)<\/p>\n \u201cAnla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ya! Sebebiyet denen nesne kap\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131! Her memleket ve her kavim i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olabilen bir bilim, mant\u0131k, felsefe yoktur. Yahudi bir kimyagerin buldu\u011fu bir ila\u00e7, ar\u00ee bir Alman\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilir. Tabii bunun aksi de do\u011fru oluyor. \u015e\u00f6yle b\u00f6yle assiroid olan bir Einstein\u2019\u0131n ispat etti\u011fi bir \u201cnesne\u201d bir nordik i\u00e7in ba\u015ftanba\u015fa yalan ve yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u201c\u2018Bizim i\u00e7imizde en m\u00fckemmel ifadelerini bulmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden kuvvet ve mit ret ve ink\u00e2r edilemez.\u2019 <\/em>(Rosenberg)<\/p>\n \u201cKahrolsun bilim. Ya\u015fas\u0131n red ve ink\u00e2r edilemeyen mitoloji!<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130\u015fte iki aya\u011f\u0131 birden \u00e7ukura giren ve son nefesini vermemek i\u00e7in \u00e7abalayan bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u2018fikr\u00ee\u2019 seviyesi. Halbuki o, gen\u00e7li\u011finde, Hegel\u2019in a\u011fz\u0131yla ilan etmi\u015fti ki:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2018Akl\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131karamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 her hangi bir \u015feyi kabul etmemekte g\u00f6sterilen inat, insana \u015feref veren m\u00fckemmel bir inatt\u0131r.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cBug\u00fcn ise o s\u0131n\u0131f: \u2018yaln\u0131z felsefe de\u011fil ilim de iflas etmi\u015ftir\u2019 <\/em>diyor ve \u015fiar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle oluyor: \u2018Barbarl\u0131k devrine d\u00f6nelim!\u2019<\/em> (Blank).<\/p>\n Kapitalizmin filozoflar\u0131 art\u0131k d\u00fcnyay\u0131 izah edemedikleri i\u00e7in, onlara g\u00f6re, ilim \u2018iflas\u2019 etmi\u015ftir. Fakat bu \u2018iflas\u2019 s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc her sahada ciddiye almamak laz\u0131m. Kapitalizm, harp i\u015flerinde bilimi pek\u00e2l\u00e2 kullan\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcn hi\u00e7bir muharebe bilimin yard\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yap\u0131lamaz. Yaln\u0131z, muhakkak olan bir \u015fey varsa o da tekelci kapitalizmin \u00fcretim \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n, her nevi geli\u015fmeye mani olan bir duvar haline geldikleridir.<\/p>\n \u201c\u2018\u0130lim iflas etti!\u2019<\/p>\n \u201cBurjuva cemiyetinin fa\u015fizm yoluyla \u2018r\u00f6nesans\u0131\u2019 bizzat bu cemiyetin gen\u00e7li\u011finde biriktirdi\u011fi k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131 ret ve ink\u00e2r etmesi demektir. O can \u00e7eki\u015firken, kendi yaratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, art\u0131k b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n mal\u0131 olan ve tarihe bu s\u0131fatla giren \u015feyleri itmekte, tekmelemektedir.<\/p>\n \u201cBu miras\u0131 almak proletaryaya d\u00fc\u015fer!\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00fcy\u00fck ozan\u0131m\u0131z Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in politik ve kuramsal konular\u0131 ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda, tam da Nazizm\u2019in Almanya\u2019da y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi d\u00f6nemde yay\u0131mlanan \u201cAlman Fa\u015fizmi ve Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kitab\u0131 (Kader Bas\u0131mevi) bulunur. Naz\u0131m Hikmet kitab\u0131nda tarih boyunca ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0131rk kuramlar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r ve esas olarak fa\u015fizmin ideologlar\u0131n tezlerinin ele\u015ftirisine yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Kitab\u0131n bilim-fa\u015fizm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":34717,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2314],"tags":[482,727,1878,588,480],"class_list":["post-34716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-oykuleri","tag-bilim","tag-fasizm","tag-irkcilik","tag-nazim-hikmet","tag-nedensellik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/493"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34716"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34716\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}