Konu ne zaman \u00e7iftle\u015fmeye; arkada\u015flar\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131k etti\u011fi ya da \u00e7\u00f6p\u00e7atanl\u0131k siteleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tuhaf bulu\u015fmalara, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 reddedi\u015flere, aceleci geri ad\u0131mlar ve nihayet \u015fansl\u0131 ki\u015fiyi bulana kadar ge\u00e7en uzun ve gergin fl\u00f6rt s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan sonra durulup \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmaya geldi\u011finde, insanlar olduk\u00e7a se\u00e7ici olabilmekte. En sonunda da \u201c\u00e2\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131z\u201d ve \u201chep mutlu olaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d gibi s\u00f6zler\u2026 Fakat evrim affedici bir kuvvet de\u011fildir; sonu\u00e7ta \u00e7o\u011falma s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda bu se\u00e7icilik, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaman ve enerji kayb\u0131 de\u011fil midir? Peki ya t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n evrimsel bir noktas\u0131 varsa? Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bu sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n
A\u015fk\u0131n k\u00e2r\/zarar hesab\u0131n\u0131 yapmak bir\u00e7ok kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 sorun i\u00e7eren, insanlar \u00fczerindeki deneyler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde birtak\u0131m etik k\u0131s\u0131tlamalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan zorlu bir i\u015ftir. Almanya, Seewiesen, Max Planck Ku\u015fbilim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden MalikaIhle, Bart Kempenaers ve Wolfgang Forstmeier\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fimli PLOS<\/em> dergisinde 14 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, e\u015f se\u00e7iminin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n detayl\u0131ca i\u015flendi\u011fi bir deney anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar zebra ispinozunun \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu teke\u015fli olma, ebeveyn olma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015fma gibi bir\u00e7ok karakteristi\u011finin insanlara benzemesi avantaj\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131lar. Di\u015fi ispinozlar e\u015f se\u00e7iminde bireysel bir tav\u0131r tak\u0131n\u0131rken, bir yandan da di\u011fer di\u015filer i\u00e7inde en tatl\u0131 erkek ispinozun kim oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde uzla\u015fma olu\u015fturuyorlar.<\/p>\n 160 ku\u015fluk bir pop\u00fclasyon kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan deneyde, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 20 di\u015fi ve 20 erkek ku\u015fun kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gruplar olu\u015fturarak h\u0131zl\u0131 tan\u0131\u015fma seanslar\u0131 ayarlad\u0131. Ku\u015flar e\u015fle\u015ftikten sonra ku\u015flar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 mutlu bir hayat ya\u015famalar\u0131 i\u00e7in sal\u0131n\u0131rken, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n h\u00fckmeden muhafazak\u00e2r ebeveynler gibi araya girmesiyle ay\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar ve di\u011fer kalbi k\u0131r\u0131lan bireylerle zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirdiler.<\/p>\n Mutlu ya da mutsuz t\u00fcm ku\u015f \u00e7iftleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ku\u015f kafesi i\u00e7inde yavrulamaya b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar da bu \u00e7iftlerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyip \u00f6l\u00fc embriyolar\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00fc yavrular\u0131n ve hayatta kalan yavrular\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdiler.<\/p>\n \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, do\u011fal yollarla e\u015fle\u015fen ku\u015flara ait yavrular\u0131n hayatta kalanlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirilenlerin hayatta kalan yavrular\u0131ndan y\u00fczde 37 daha fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlendi. Zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirilen \u00e7iftlerin d\u00f6llenmemi\u015f yumurta say\u0131s\u0131 da, di\u011fer gruba oranla \u00fc\u00e7 kat fazla \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu miktar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ya da kay\u0131pt\u0131; \u00f6nemli say\u0131da yavru da yumurtadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00d6l\u00fcmlerin \u00e7o\u011fu yavrular\u0131n ilk 48 saati i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, bu zorla e\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f yavrular\u0131n ebeveynleri de yuva ve yavru bak\u0131mlar\u0131na \u00e7ok daha az \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7iftlerin kur yapmalar\u0131 izlendi\u011finde, ortada baz\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6zlendi. Her iki gruba ait bireyler de birbirleriyle ayn\u0131 miktarda ilgilenirken, zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirilen gruptaki di\u015fi ku\u015flar ili\u015fkilerinin ilerlemesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla ilgisiz kald\u0131 ve daha az \u00e7iftle\u015fme e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterdi. Uyumlu davran\u0131\u015f analizinin sonucuna g\u00f6re, zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirilen \u00e7iftler, genellikle do\u011fal yollarla e\u015fle\u015fenlere g\u00f6re birbirleriyle \u00e7ok daha az samimiyet kurdu. Ayr\u0131ca sadakatsizlikte de bir art\u0131\u015f meydana geldi; \u00f6yle ki, zorla e\u015fle\u015ftirilenler grubundaki di\u015filerin etrafta dola\u015fmas\u0131 azald\u0131k\u00e7a, ayn\u0131 grubun erkekleri ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde daha fazla gezinmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 genel sonuca g\u00f6re ku\u015flar zevk ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki g\u00f6zlemci i\u00e7in anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmadan sadece kendi uyar\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6re yapt\u0131klar\u0131 e\u015f se\u00e7imi konular\u0131nda \u00f6zel durumlarla ilgili olarak \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu uyar\u0131lma, di\u015filerdeki ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7iftle\u015fmelerin s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmakta ve yavrular\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcredeki ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 desteklemektedir. Hepsi birlikte, \u00e7iftlerin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yavrular\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla sa\u011flam genlerini ebedile\u015ftirmelerine olanak sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Tan\u0131d\u0131k geliyor mu? Bu muhtemelen insanlar\u0131n fl\u00f6rt oyunlar\u0131na \u00e7ok benziyor; belki ihtiya\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131, \u00e7ocu\u011fun ebeveyn deste\u011fine uzun ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k safhas\u0131yla daha \u015fiddetli bir h\u00e2l al\u0131yor olabilir. Do\u011frusunu s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar insan toplumlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki a\u015fk evlili\u011fi ve mant\u0131k evlili\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n konu edildi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla tutarl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Konu ne zaman \u00e7iftle\u015fmeye; arkada\u015flar\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131k etti\u011fi ya da \u00e7\u00f6p\u00e7atanl\u0131k siteleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tuhaf bulu\u015fmalara, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 reddedi\u015flere, aceleci geri ad\u0131mlar ve nihayet \u015fansl\u0131 ki\u015fiyi bulana kadar ge\u00e7en uzun ve gergin fl\u00f6rt s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan sonra durulup \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmaya geldi\u011finde, insanlar olduk\u00e7a se\u00e7ici olabilmekte. En sonunda da \u201c\u00e2\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131z\u201d ve \u201chep mutlu olaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d gibi s\u00f6zler\u2026 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":786,"featured_media":17011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[177,19,21,32],"tags":[941,197,200,661],"class_list":["post-3531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-140-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","category-evrim","tag-ask","tag-biyoloji","tag-evrim","tag-kuslar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/786"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3531\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}