{"id":35325,"date":"2019-07-11T12:29:48","date_gmt":"2019-07-11T09:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=35325"},"modified":"2019-07-11T12:29:48","modified_gmt":"2019-07-11T09:29:48","slug":"ezberleri-degistiren-kesif-yunanistanda-210-bin-yillik-modern-insan-fosili-bulundu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/07\/11\/ezberleri-degistiren-kesif-yunanistanda-210-bin-yillik-modern-insan-fosili-bulundu","title":{"rendered":"Ezberleri de\u011fi\u015ftiren ke\u015fif: Yunanistan\u2019da 210 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k modern insan fosili bulundu!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bilim insanlar\u0131, 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcney sahilindeki bir ma\u011farada bulunan kafatas\u0131n\u0131n Afrika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki en eski Homo Sapiens fosili oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019da bulunan T\u00fcbingen \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden paleoantropolog Katerina Harvati\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ma\u011farada bulunan kafatas\u0131n\u0131n en az 210 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir insana ait oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

10 Temmuz\u2019da Nature\u2019da yay\u0131mlanan makalede yer alan bulgularda; bu antik H. Sapiens kafatas\u0131n\u0131n, kendisinden \u00f6nce Avrupa\u2019da bulunan H. Sapiens fosillerinden 160 bin y\u0131l daha ya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kaydedildi. Ayr\u0131ca bu kafatas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130srail\u2019de bulunan Misliya Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019ndaki kaz\u0131lar sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 170 bin y\u0131l ila 194 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen H. Sapiens \u00e7enesinden daha eski oldu\u011fu da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ifade edildi.\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc Harvati, 8 Temmuz\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7ok say\u0131da Homo Sapiens populasyonu, Afrika\u2019dan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u00f6nceki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin aksine Avrupa i\u00e7inde de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha uza\u011fa da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu. Harvati; H. Sapiens topluluklar\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir grubun, Yunanistan\u2019a 200 bin y\u0131ldan daha uzun bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini de belirtti. Bu zamandan birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra Avrupa\u2019ya yerle\u015fen Neandertaller, buradaki ilk H. Sapiens\u2019in yerini alm\u0131\u015f olabilir ve bu zamandan 10 binlerce y\u0131l sonra Akdeniz\u2019e yerle\u015fen H. Sapiens populasyonu, yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce yok olan Neandertaller\u2019in yerini alm\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n

Ancak Harvati\u2019nin ve ekibinin ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, H. Sapiens ve Neandertaller\u2019in 200 bin y\u0131ldan daha uzun bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu populasyonlar\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini ifade etmekte. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan, antik ve modern insan\u0131n DNA yap\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma; H. Sapiens\u2019in, o d\u00f6nemin Avrupa Neandertalleri ile e\u015fle\u015febildi\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda Apidima Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019nda iki \u00f6nemli fosil kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na rastland\u0131. Bu kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan birinin bir Neandertal\u2019e ait kafatas\u0131 oldu\u011fu, di\u011ferinin de belirli \u00f6zelikleri nedeniyle modern insana benzedi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz teknolojisi ile yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Kaz\u0131da bulunan iki kafatas\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, bozulmu\u015f kafatas\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin dijital ortamda yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Harvati ve ekibi taraf\u0131ndan kafatas\u0131 ve kemik par\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan radyoaktif uranyum analizine g\u00f6re; ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ellerinde bulunan Neandertallere ait oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen par\u00e7alar, en az 170 bin y\u0131ll\u0131kt\u0131. Modern insana ili\u015fkin buluntu \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ise bu kafatas\u0131n\u0131n 210 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir canl\u0131ya ait oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131k tuttu\u011fu en \u00f6nemli noktalardan biri, Neandertallere ili\u015fkin fosilin ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n modern insan fosilinden daha az olmas\u0131; yani \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, Neandertaller g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze daha yak\u0131n bir zamanda bu b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. Modern insan ise, Neandertallerden 40.000 y\u0131l daha \u00f6nce bu b\u00f6lgede bulunmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

Harvati ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunan di\u011fer bilim insanlar\u0131; modern insan ile Neandertallerin bu b\u00f6lgede bir arada bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve iki populasyon aras\u0131nda e\u015fle\u015fmelerin g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fini belirterek, bu konuya dair yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmak \u00fczere bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden fosil kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde protein \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: \u00a0<\/strong>https:\/\/www.nhm.ac.uk\/discover\/news\/2019\/july\/modern-humans-may-have-been-in-europe-150-000-years-earlier-than.html<\/p>\n

A Greek skull may belong to the oldest human found outside of Africa<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n