{"id":35412,"date":"2019-07-19T03:16:48","date_gmt":"2019-07-19T00:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=35412"},"modified":"2019-07-22T10:30:25","modified_gmt":"2019-07-22T07:30:25","slug":"merkur-nasil-bir-gezegendir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/07\/19\/merkur-nasil-bir-gezegendir","title":{"rendered":"Merk\u00fcr nas\u0131l bir gezegendir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merk\u00fcr, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndeki sekiz gezegenin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Antik D\u00f6nem\u2019den beri bilinen be\u015f gezegenden en az dikkat \u00e7ekenidir. \u0130lk kez M\u00d6 3000\u2019li y\u0131llarda S\u00fcmerlerce g\u00f6zlenmi\u015f ve M\u00d6 1400\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda da Asurlu g\u00f6kbilimcilerce kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tutulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e ortalama 58 milyon kilometre uzakl\u0131ktaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesiyle ona en yak\u0131n gezegendir. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e bu denli yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya\u2019dan ancak sabahlar\u0131 g\u00fcn do\u011fumundan hemen \u00f6nce do\u011fu ufkunda ve ak\u015famlar\u0131 g\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131ndan hemen sonra bat\u0131 ufkunda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k bir saatlik bir g\u00f6zlem penceresi vard\u0131r. Gezegen g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerledi\u011finden ona Yunan mitolojisinde tanr\u0131lar\u0131n habercisi Hermes\u2019in ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Roma mitolojisinde de ticaret tanr\u0131s\u0131 ve tanr\u0131lar\u0131n habercisi olan Mercurius ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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Merk\u00fcr, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gezegendir ama merkezindeki demir \u00e7ekirdek hi\u00e7bir gezegende olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemi D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemiyle (ekliptik d\u00fczlem) 7 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131 yapar. Gezegenin olduk\u00e7a bas\u0131k elips \u015feklinde bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi vard\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in \u00e7evresindeki bir turunu \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 (saniyede 48 km \u2013D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n 1,6 kat\u0131) ve \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede (88 d\u00fcnya g\u00fcn\u00fcnde) tamamlar. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde hep ufka \u00e7ok yak\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ona y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6zlemler atmosferdeki tozdan ve hava hareketlerinden hep olumsuz etkilenmi\u015ftir. Gezegen ekseninde d\u00f6nerken y\u00fczeyini g\u00f6zleyip y\u00fczey \u015fekillerinin ne kadar zaman sonra yeniden ayn\u0131 noktaya geldi\u011fini izlemek \u00e7ok zordur. O nedenle uzun bir s\u00fcre Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn kendi eksenindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcresi bilinememi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131 da t\u0131pk\u0131 Ay\u2019\u0131n D\u00fcnya \u00e7evresindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn de G\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn kendi ekseninde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrede oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sonunda Doppler etkisinden yararlan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan radar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleriyle \u2013gezegenin iki ucuna elektromanyetik dalgalar g\u00f6nderip yans\u0131yan dalgalar\u0131n frekanslar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlere bakarak\u2013 Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn kendi eksenindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc 58,7 g\u00fcnde tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durumda iki Merk\u00fcr y\u0131l\u0131nda (2 x 88 d\u00fcnya g\u00fcn\u00fc) ancak \u00fc\u00e7 Merk\u00fcr g\u00fcn\u00fc (3 x 58,7 d\u00fcnya g\u00fcn\u00fc) olur. Bundan dolay\u0131 Merk\u00fcr\u2019de arka arkaya iki g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fu\u015fu aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre 176 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle Merk\u00fcr\u2019de 88 g\u00fcn boyunca ayd\u0131nl\u0131k ve sonraki 88 g\u00fcn boyunca da karanl\u0131k olur.<\/p>\n

19.y\u00fczy\u0131lda Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine y\u00f6nelik dikkatli g\u00f6zlemler yap\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6kbilimciler, Newton hareket yasalar\u0131yla onun y\u00f6r\u00fcnge harketlerini bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tam olarak a\u00e7\u0131klayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu nedenle de G\u00fcne\u015f ile Merk\u00fcr aras\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka gezegenin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ve onun k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim etkisinin Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde sapmalara yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hatta bu varsay\u0131msal gezegene Vulkan ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Halbuki ne Vulkan diye bir gezegen vard\u0131 ne de Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn hareketinde s\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir durum. Ortadaki sorun Newton yasalar\u0131n\u0131n Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcnge hareketini a\u00e7\u0131klamada yetersiz kal\u0131\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Bu durum Einstein\u2019\u0131n Genel G\u00f6relilik Kuram\u0131\u2019yla a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015ftu. Genel g\u00f6relili\u011fe g\u00f6re Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in yak\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki uzay-zaman\u0131 e\u011fi\u015fi belirliyordu. Bu kuram\u0131n form\u00fclleriyle 1915\u2019te Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi do\u011fru olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebildi.<\/p>\n

Merk\u00fcr jeolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok uzun zamand\u0131r \u00f6l\u00fc bir gezegendir. Kabu\u011fu kayalardan olu\u015fan bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gezegenin y\u00fczeyi, Ay\u2019\u0131n y\u00fczeyine \u00e7ok benzer; da\u011flar, d\u00fczl\u00fckler vard\u0131r ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc bir\u00e7ok kraterle kapl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6kbilimciler Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fczeyindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck kraterlere Homer, Dickens, Renoir, Michelangelo, Bach gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc yazar, ressam ve m\u00fczisyenlerin adlar\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Bu kraterlerden Carolis, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle dikkat \u00e7eker; \u00e7ap\u0131 1350 km\u2019dir. Carolis, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f en \u015fiddetli \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalardan birinin sonucunda (100 km \u00e7apl\u0131 bir g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpmas\u0131yla) yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Son bir milyar y\u0131lda gezegene g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7arpma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn volkanik etkinlikleri de durmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla gezegenin y\u00fczeyi neredeyse hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fczeyi de t\u0131pk\u0131 Ay\u2019\u0131n y\u00fczeyi gibi \u00e7arpma kraterleriyle doludur.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn \u00e7ap\u0131 4880 km\u2019dir. Bu haliyle Ay\u2019dan biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck, J\u00fcpiter\u2019in uydusu Ganymede ve Sat\u00fcrn\u2019\u00fcn uydusu Titan\u2019dan da biraz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. 5,42 g\/cm3<\/sup> yo\u011funlu\u011fuyla Merk\u00fcr, D\u00fcnya\u2019dan sonra yo\u011funlu\u011fu en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci gezegendir. Hacmi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan bu gezegenin k\u00fctlesinin al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, merkezindeki 3600 km \u00e7apl\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck demir \u00e7ekirdekten kaynaklan\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fczeyine y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6zlemlerde hi\u00e7 demire rastlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00fczeyinde hi\u00e7 demir bulunmayan bir gezegenin nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck bir demir \u00e7ekirde\u011finin oldu\u011fu h\u00e2l\u00e2 tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131labilmi\u015f de\u011fildir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ama k\u00fctleli bir gezegen olan Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim ivmesi, yer\u00e7ekimi ivmesinin 0,37\u2019si kadard\u0131r (Mars\u2019\u0131nkiyle ayn\u0131). Yani D\u00fcnya\u2019da 80 kg gelen biri Merk\u00fcr\u2019de 29,6 kg gelir.<\/p>\n

Bir g\u00f6kcisminin atmosfer tutabilmesi iki etmene ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ve ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na (yani k\u00fctlesine). Merk\u00fcr hem \u00e7ok s\u0131cakt\u0131r hem de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gezegenin k\u00fctle\u00e7ekim kuvveti yeterince g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc de\u011fildir. K\u0131sacas\u0131 gezegenin, kal\u0131nca bir atmosferi s\u00fcrekli olarak tutabilecek \u00f6zelli\u011fi yoktur. S\u0131cak gaz molek\u00fclleri ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Merk\u00fcr\u2019den kolayca uzaya ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine de gezegenin \u00e7ok \u00e7ok ince ve karars\u0131z bir atmosferi vard\u0131r. Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fczeyindeki atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019da deniz d\u00fczeyindeki bas\u0131nc\u0131n ancak trilyonda biri kadard\u0131r (~10-9<\/sup> milibar). Bu haliyle asl\u0131nda \u2018\u2018Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn atmosferi yoktur\u2019\u2019 demek daha do\u011fru olur. Bu nedenle orada g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri bile siyah g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Yak\u0131nl\u0131k nedeniyle G\u00fcne\u015f de g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde D\u00fcnya\u2019dan g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden 2,5 kat daha b\u00fcy\u00fck durur.<\/p>\n

Hi\u00e7 do\u011fal uydusu bulunmayan gezegenin ekseni D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131nki gibi e\u011fik de\u011fildir, ekliptik d\u00fczleme diktir. Bunun sonucunda gezegende mevsimsel de\u011fi\u015fimler olmaz. Do\u011fa ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00e7ok serttir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k gezegenin ayd\u0131nl\u0131k yan\u0131nda 430 dereceye kadar y\u00fckselirken karanl\u0131k yan\u0131nda -170 dereceye kadar d\u00fc\u015fer. Atmosferi yok denecek kadar ince oldu\u011fundan atmosferin s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00fczerinde d\u00fczenleyici bir etkisi \u2013\u0131s\u0131y\u0131 gezegene yayacak atmosfer hareketleri\u2013 de yoktur. G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nde gece ile g\u00fcnd\u00fcz aras\u0131ndaki en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 Merk\u00fcr\u2019de olur.<\/p>\n

Olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir gezegen olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sabit ve kararl\u0131 bir manyetik alan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu manyetik alan, t\u0131pk\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi iki kutupludur. Ne var ki D\u00fcnya\u2019dakinden farkl\u0131 olarak Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn manyetik kutuplar\u0131, co\u011frafi kutuplar\u0131yla neredeyse \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Asl\u0131nda Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn manyetik alan\u0131, g\u00fcne\u015f r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman engelleyecek bir manyetosfer \u015feklindedir. Bu \u015fekliyle de D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n manyetosferinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kopyas\u0131 gibidir. Ancak D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n manyetosferinin %1\u2019i kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn manyetosferinin de t\u0131pk\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131nki gibi dinamo etkisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. (Dinamo etkisi, bir gezegenin demir a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin, s\u0131v\u0131 haldeki \u00e7ekirde\u011finin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle olu\u015fur.)<\/p>\n

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G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi’ndeki belli ba\u015fl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck uydularla, Merk\u00fcr’\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck olarak k\u0131yaslanmas\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Oksijenin yoklu\u011fu ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak olu\u015fu nedeniyle Merk\u00fcr bitki ve hayvanlar\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun bir yer de\u011fildir. Asl\u0131nda bilim insanlar\u0131 Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn \u00e7etin ko\u015fullar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca bitki ya da hayvanlar\u0131n de\u011fil, herhangi bir ya\u015fam bi\u00e7iminin var olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Uzay ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ba\u015flayana kadar Merk\u00fcr hakk\u0131nda neredeyse hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilinmiyordu. Asl\u0131nda onunla ilgili bilgilerimiz h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Bunda gezegenin hem k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hem de G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e yak\u0131n olu\u015funun etkisi vard\u0131r. D\u00fcnya\u2019ya en yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde karanl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc bize d\u00f6n\u00fckt\u00fcr. Dolun oldu\u011fundaysa G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in arkas\u0131nda kal\u0131r. Merk\u00fcr\u2019e y\u00f6nelik teleskoplu ilk g\u00f6zlemleri 1600\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Galileo Galiei yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama Galilei\u2019nin teleskopu Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn evreleri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6steremeyecek denli g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczd\u00fc. Teleskoplar giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lendi ama Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fc g\u00f6zlemek hi\u00e7 kolayla\u015fmad\u0131. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u00fcnl\u00fc g\u00f6kbilimci William Herschel sistemli olarak Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fc g\u00f6zledi ama pek de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar elde edemedi. Ondan sonra da birka\u00e7 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z giri\u015fim daha oldu.<\/p>\n

1962\u2019de Sovyet bilim insanlar\u0131 ilk kez Merk\u00fcr\u2019e radar sinyalleri g\u00f6nderdi ve yans\u0131yan sinyalleri de toplamay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Merk\u00fcr\u2019e y\u00f6nelik radarl\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu g\u00f6zlemlerin sonucunda, t\u0131pk\u0131 Ay\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi, Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn de kutup b\u00f6lgelerinde s\u00fcrekli karanl\u0131k olan baz\u0131 kraterlerde buz bulunabilece\u011fi fark edildi. Bu olas\u0131 suyun kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak da gezegene \u00e7arpan kuyrukluy\u0131d\u0131zlar ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

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Merk\u00fcrle ilgili en de\u011ferli bilgiler 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015flayan uzay ara\u00e7l\u0131 gezegen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131yla elde edilmi\u015ftir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Merk\u00fcr hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerimizin as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131 Amerikan Havac\u0131l\u0131k ve Uzay Dairesi\u2019nin (NASA), yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, 1973\u2019te Ven\u00fcs ve Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fc incelemek amac\u0131yla f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mariner 10 adl\u0131 uzay arac\u0131d\u0131r. Mariner 10\u2019un, g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi 2000 dolay\u0131nda foto\u011fraf sayesinde Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fczeyinin ancak %45\u2019inin haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. 1990\u2019da D\u00fcnya y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine yerle\u015ftirilen Hubble Uzay Teleskopu, Merk\u00fcr\u2019e y\u00f6nelik merak\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 giderebilecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ne var ki Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olu\u015fu Hubble\u2019daki duyarl\u0131 ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n Merk\u00fcr g\u00f6zlemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasar g\u00f6rebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc. O nedenle Merk\u00fcr, Hubble ile de g\u00f6zlenemedi. Neyse ki NASA\u2019n\u0131n A\u011fustos 2003\u2019te Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fc incelemek amac\u0131yla f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 MESSENGER adl\u0131 uzay arac\u0131ndan da ilk veriler gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. MESSENGER, Ocak 2008\u2019de Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn 200 km yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erken daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f g\u00fcney kutup b\u00f6lgesinin foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Bu gezegenle ilgili as\u0131l veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, uzay arac\u0131 Mart 2011\u2019de Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn \u00e7evresinde bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye oturdu\u011funda ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn bilim insanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi D\u00fcnya, Ven\u00fcs ve Mars\u2019\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir ba\u015fka karasal gezegen olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Ortak ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bu s\u00fcrecin sonunda Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn neden b\u00f6yle yo\u011fun bir gezegen oldu\u011funu, Mars ve Ven\u00fcs manyetik alanlar\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015fken Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn neden h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir manyetosferinin kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ince de olsa atmosferinin s\u00fcrekli kendini nas\u0131l yeniledi\u011fini ve Merk\u00fcrle ilgili ba\u015fka gizemli konular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmak, onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek gezegen olu\u015fum s\u00fcre\u00e7leri konusundaki bilgileri zenginle\u015ftirmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: <\/strong>\u00c7a\u011flar Sunay, 50 Soruda Evren, Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ekim 2011, s.65-71<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merk\u00fcr, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndeki sekiz gezegenin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Antik D\u00f6nem\u2019den beri bilinen be\u015f gezegenden en az dikkat \u00e7ekenidir. \u0130lk kez M\u00d6 3000\u2019li y\u0131llarda S\u00fcmerlerce g\u00f6zlenmi\u015f ve M\u00d6 1400\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda da Asurlu g\u00f6kbilimcilerce kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tutulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e ortalama 58 milyon kilometre uzakl\u0131ktaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesiyle ona en yak\u0131n gezegendir. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e bu denli yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya\u2019dan ancak sabahlar\u0131 g\u00fcn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":35413,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3624],"tags":[861,297,1844,5045,628],"class_list":["post-35412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sorularla-bilim","tag-gezegen","tag-gunes-sistemi","tag-hubble","tag-merkur","tag-nasa"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t