{"id":35487,"date":"2019-07-22T03:20:56","date_gmt":"2019-07-22T00:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=35487"},"modified":"2019-07-19T16:26:32","modified_gmt":"2019-07-19T13:26:32","slug":"saglikli-bir-yasam-demans-riskini-azaltabilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/07\/22\/saglikli-bir-yasam-demans-riskini-azaltabilir","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam, Demans riskini azaltabilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bunama olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilecek Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda gelece\u011finiz, sadece genlerinize ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. JAMA dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimsemek, genetik miras olarak da alabilece\u011finiz Demans riskini azaltabilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere’deki Exeter \u00dcniversitesi’de epidemiyolog olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten David Llewellyn, \u201cBu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc azaltan ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli bir mesaj veriyor\u201d diye belirtti.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 insanlar genetik yatk\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yor. Ancak, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrerek Demans riskini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilirsiniz. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yar\u0131m milyon \u0130ngiltere vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n geneti\u011fine ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak 2006-2010 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda toplanan verileri i\u00e7eren ve sa\u011fl\u0131k ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k eri\u015fim hazinesi olan UK Biobank’\u0131 incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

60 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerinde olan, kay\u0131t s\u0131ras\u0131nda Demans belirtisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen ve genetik bilgileri haz\u0131rda bulunan Avrupa k\u00f6kenli insanlar \u00fczerinde durdular. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in verileri kullan\u0131labilecek ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 200 binin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, daha \u00f6nce Alzheimer \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bulgular\u0131na dayanarak Demans i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, orta ve y\u00fcksek genetik riske sahip olma durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu ki\u015fileri s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rd\u0131 Ayr\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar; sigara kullan\u0131mlar\u0131na, egzersiz yapma durumlar\u0131na, nas\u0131l beslendiklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc alkol t\u00fcketimine dayanarak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in bir \u201csa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 puan\u0131\u201d hesaplad\u0131. Demans tan\u0131s\u0131 koyulup koyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in grup ortalama sekiz y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre boyunca izlendi.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6t\u00fc haber ise, Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda genlerin rol\u00fc oldu\u011fu bir ger\u00e7ek. Genetik riski d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olanlar\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 0,63’\u00fcnde Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, ancak genetik riski y\u00fcksek insanlar i\u00e7in bu rakam neredeyse iki kat\u0131na, y\u00fczde 1,23’e y\u00fckseldi. Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z da sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ysa, durum biraz daha vahim. \u201cK\u00f6t\u00fc\u201d bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na sahip olan insanlar i\u00e7in Demans riski, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na sahip olanlara g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 35 oran\u0131nda art\u0131yor. Daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimseyen insanlar i\u00e7in, i\u015fler kesinlikle daha umut verici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar Demans i\u00e7in genetik riski y\u00fcksek olan insanlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na sahip olan insanlar\u0131n Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakalanma riski, daha sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 olan insanlara g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 32 oran\u0131nda azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bunun, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 s\u00fcrerek Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n genetik riskini ne kadar dengeleyebilece\u011fimizi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Exeter \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi’nden El\u017cbieta Ku\u017ama, \u201cBulgular\u0131m\u0131z, Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n genetik riskini dengelemek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fimizi g\u00f6steriyor. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak, genetik riskten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, Demans riskinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkiliydi\u201d diye ekledi.<\/p>\n

Zihni aktif tutmak da \u00f6nemli<\/strong>
\nDemans s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda fiziksel sa\u011fl\u0131k, denklemin sadece bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. JAMA N\u00f6roloji dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan ayr\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, zihni ya\u015fam boyu aktif tutman\u0131n demans riskini azalt\u0131p azaltmayaca\u011f\u0131 da sorguland\u0131. \u201cBili\u015fsel rezerv\u201d teorisi; ilk ve orta ya\u015flarda zihni uyarman\u0131n, ya\u015fam\u0131n ileriki d\u00f6nemleri i\u00e7in beynin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc bankaya koydu\u011funu, ya\u015fla ve hastal\u0131kla ili\u015fkili beyin bozulmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re, bili\u015fsel rezervin Demans \u00fczerindeki koruyucu etkisine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7ok say\u0131da sa\u011flam kan\u0131t bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131, bu bilgi u\u00e7urumunu doldurmakt\u0131. Demans gibi n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131klar i\u00e7in risk fakt\u00f6rlerini tespit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Rush Haf\u0131za ve Ya\u015flanma Projesi’ne kay\u0131tl\u0131 olup bili\u015fsel bozuklu\u011fu olmayan 1600’den fazla yeti\u015fkinin verileri incelendi. Y\u00fczde 75’i kad\u0131n ve ya\u015f ortalamalar\u0131 80’in alt\u0131nda olan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u0131llar \u00fczerinden verilen art\u0131 puanlara dayanarak bir \u201cbili\u015fsel rezerv puan\u0131\u201d verildi. Bu puan, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n okulda ne kadar s\u00fcre kald\u0131klar\u0131 ve kitap okumak, mektup yazmak ve k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye gitmek gibi beyni zorlayan aktiviteleri ne kadar yapt\u0131klar\u0131 hesaplanarak verildi.<\/p>\n

Bili\u015fsel rezerv ayn\u0131 zamanda sosyal fakt\u00f6rlere de dayanmaktad\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, restoranlara ve spor etkinliklerine gitmek, arkada\u015flar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek, seyahate \u00e7\u0131kmak ve kiliseye gitmek gibi faaliyetlere de puan verdiler. Sonras\u0131nda, her bir ki\u015finin aile ve arkada\u015f ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc toplad\u0131lar. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n Demans hastas\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131na bakmak i\u00e7in ortalama alt\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre boyunca takip ettiler. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, zihni aktif tutmakla sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klara sahip olmak bu konuda bir rekabet i\u00e7inde.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Beden ve zihin egzersizi Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bili\u015fsel rezerv seviyesi en y\u00fcksek olan ki\u015filerin Demans hastas\u0131 olma riskinin, bili\u015fsel rezerv seviyesi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olanlara g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40 daha az oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmadaki en \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bulgulardan biri de, biraz \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir davran\u0131\u015f dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 600\u2019den fazla kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131, otopsi i\u00e7in beyinlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc oldular. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen amiloid plaklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra damar dola\u015f\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu tipik beyin bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakt\u0131lar. Bunun sonucunda bozulmalar olsa bile, yine de y\u00fcksek bili\u015fsel rezerve sahip olman\u0131n Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilece\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Elde ettikleri bulgulara g\u00f6re yazarlar, ya\u015fam boyunca bili\u015fsel rezervi art\u0131ran e\u011fitimsel olan ve zihni uyaran faaliyetlerin, ileri derece Alzheimer hastas\u0131 olan veya vask\u00fcler patolojileri olan ki\u015filerde bile Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in uygun bir strateji olabilece\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: https:\/\/cosmosmagazine.com\/biology\/lifestyle-can-wind-back-dementia-risk-study-suggests<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bunama olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilecek Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda gelece\u011finiz, sadece genlerinize ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. JAMA dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimsemek, genetik miras olarak da alabilece\u011finiz Demans riskini azaltabilir. \u0130ngiltere’deki Exeter \u00dcniversitesi’de epidemiyolog olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten David Llewellyn, \u201cBu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Demans hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc azaltan ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6nemli bir mesaj veriyor\u201d diye […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2049,"featured_media":35489,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[982,5061,2557,292],"class_list":["post-35487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-alzheimer","tag-bilissel-rezerv","tag-demans","tag-genetik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35487","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2049"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35487"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35487\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}