{"id":35582,"date":"2019-07-28T03:41:13","date_gmt":"2019-07-28T00:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=35582"},"modified":"2019-07-26T14:59:47","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T11:59:47","slug":"sempanzelerin-isler-bellegi-bizimkine-benziyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/07\/28\/sempanzelerin-isler-bellegi-bizimkine-benziyor","title":{"rendered":"\u015eempanzelerin i\u015fler belle\u011fi bizimkine benziyor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fimizin tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak veya okudu\u011fumuz\/duydu\u011fumuz bir c\u00fcmlenin sonuna geldi\u011fimizde o c\u00fcmlenin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre akl\u0131m\u0131zda tutmam\u0131z gereken \u015feyler i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler bellek, zihinsel ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n merkezidir.<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131, bunun \u00f6zellikle insanlarda geli\u015fti\u011fini iddia ediyorlar, ancak en yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri olan \u015fempanzelerde de durum bizimkine benzer mi? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in i\u015fe koyuldular.\u00a0Daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, \u015fempanzelerin m\u00fckemmel bir uzun s\u00fcreli haf\u0131za yetene\u011fine sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. Fakat, i\u015fler bellek yetenekleri hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bilinmektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu konuya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmek i\u00e7in, \u015fempanzelere birka\u00e7 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, opak kutu i\u00e7inde yiyecek aramalar\u0131 beklenen bir g\u00f6rev verdi. \u0130lk olarak \u015fempanzelere, bu kutulara yiyeceklerin nas\u0131l sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 izletildi. Daha sonra bu maymunlar, kutular\u0131 tek tek \u00e7evirerek besin \u00f6\u011felerini aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131. E\u011fer se\u00e7ilen kutuda yiyecek varsa, \u015fempanzeler bu yiyece\u011fi \u00f6d\u00fcl olarak ald\u0131. Her se\u00e7imden sonra, kutular 15 saniye boyunca kapal\u0131 tutuldu.\u00a0\u015eempanzelerin t\u00fcm besin \u00f6\u011felerini alabilmeleri i\u00e7in, hangi kutular\u0131 \u00f6nceden arad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131lda tutmalar\u0131 gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_35584\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-35584\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-35584\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2.-foto-3-300x167.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-35584\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0130nsanlar\u0131n aksine, \u015fempanzeler g\u00f6revlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in arama stratejileri kullanmad\u0131lar.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, her \u015fempanzenin yetene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, her yemek aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda kutu say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak ve kutular\u0131n yerlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek g\u00f6revin zorluk derecesini art\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u015fempanzelerin ve insanlar\u0131n i\u015fler bellekleri aras\u0131ndaki en temel benzerlikleri ortaya koydu: En iyi performans g\u00f6steren \u015fempanzeler, en az d\u00f6rt \u00f6\u011feyi, bir gen\u00e7 \u015fempanze yediden fazla \u00f6\u011feyi hat\u0131rlad\u0131. \u00d6nceki se\u00e7imlerini hat\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kutular\u0131n hem g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnden hem de konumlar\u0131ndan faydaland\u0131lar.\u00a0Ko\u015fut olarak bir \u015feyler yapmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011finde, insanlar genellikle i\u015fler bellek testlerinde daha k\u00f6t\u00fc performans g\u00f6sterir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, \u015fempanzelerin ko\u015fut olarak ikinci benzer bir g\u00f6revi yerine getirmeleri durumunda performanslar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u015eempanzeler aras\u0131nda i\u015fler bellekteki farklar, aylarca de\u011fi\u015fmedi. \u015eempanzeler ve insanlar aras\u0131ndaki en belirgin fark, i\u015fler bellek kapasitesi de\u011fil, insanlar\u0131n bu g\u00f6revi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 arama stratejileridir: \u015eempanzeler, kutular\u0131 bir taraftan di\u011fer tarafa do\u011fru s\u0131rayla aramay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemedi. \u00a0Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u015fempanzelerin de insanlar gibi, \u00f6nceden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir dizi olay\u0131 veya eylemi ak\u0131lda tutmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan i\u015fler bellek yeteneklerine sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6nceki iddialar\u0131n aksine, \u015fempanzelerin i\u015fler bellek kapasitesi, temel olarak insan kapasitesinden farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Max Planck Evrimsel Antropoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve Viyana Veterinerlik \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Christoph Voelter, \u201cBulgular\u0131m\u0131z, \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya dayanmayan sezgisel i\u015fler bellek g\u00f6revinde \u015fempanzelerin, yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131nkiyle benzer performans g\u00f6sterdiklerini ortaya koyuyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2019\/07\/190723211656.htm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fimizin tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak veya okudu\u011fumuz\/duydu\u011fumuz bir c\u00fcmlenin sonuna geldi\u011fimizde o c\u00fcmlenin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre akl\u0131m\u0131zda tutmam\u0131z gereken \u015feyler i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler bellek, zihinsel ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n merkezidir. Baz\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131, bunun \u00f6zellikle insanlarda geli\u015fti\u011fini iddia ediyorlar, ancak en yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri olan \u015fempanzelerde de durum bizimkine benzer mi? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in i\u015fe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2049,"featured_media":35583,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[1718,554],"class_list":["post-35582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-isler-bellek","tag-sempanze"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2049"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35582\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}