{"id":36704,"date":"2019-09-09T03:10:47","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T00:10:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=36704"},"modified":"2019-09-09T11:13:12","modified_gmt":"2019-09-09T08:13:12","slug":"eskicaglarda-uretilmis-kozmolojik-mitoslar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/09\/09\/eskicaglarda-uretilmis-kozmolojik-mitoslar","title":{"rendered":"Eski\u00e7a\u011flarda \u00fcretilmi\u015f kozmolojik mitoslar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Her uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrenin olu\u015fumu ile ilgili bir \u201cyarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitosu\u201d vard\u0131r. Evrenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda bir kaos (karma\u015fa) i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu ve tanr\u0131lar\u0131n sonradan gelip bu karma\u00ad\u015fay\u0131 bir d\u00fczene soktuklar\u0131 inanc\u0131, kozmoloji efsanelerinin genelde ortak paydas\u0131d\u0131r. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitoslar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki tarihsel bilgimiz, ancak yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerin bulunabildi\u011fi birka\u00e7 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine, Mezopotamya uygarl\u0131klar\u0131na ka\u00addar uzan\u0131r. Bu efsanelerin \u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k olan ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na girecek de\u011filiz.<\/p>\n

Ancak, S\u00fcmerlerden gelip, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na kadar uzanan binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde, efsanelerin ve din\u00adlerin ortakla\u015fa payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bir inan\u00e7 var ki, ona k\u0131saca de\u011finmeden ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6keni S\u00fcmerlere kadar giden bu efsaneye g\u00f6re, yer ile g\u00f6k ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131. S\u00fcmer Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Enlil, bunlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rarak g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc y\u00fckseltti ve g\u00f6k kubbe olu\u015f\u00adtu. Burada ilgin\u00e7 olan, Tanr\u0131 Enlil\u2019in, R\u00fczg\u00e2r ve F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fudur. Yani yere yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k olan g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn, r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n \u00fcf\u00fcrmesi ile adeta bir u\u00e7urtma gibi havalan\u0131p y\u00fckselmi\u015f oldu\u011funa inan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcmerlerden sonra, Babil Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f Efsanesi Enuma Eli\u015f\u2019te de \u201cBa\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, tatl\u0131 su, tuzlu su, sis ve bulut ka\u00adr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir Kaos vard\u0131. O zaman hen\u00fcz Tanr\u0131\u00adlar bile yoktu. Tanr\u0131lar bu Kaos\u2019a bir d\u00fczen vermek \u00fczere geldiler ve yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k olan Yer ile G\u00f6\u011f\u00fc ay\u0131rd\u0131lar\u201d denilmek\u00adtedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n eski destan\u0131 olan Babil Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f Efsanesi Enuma Eli\u015f\u2019te de \u201cBa\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, tatl\u0131 su, tuzlu su, sis ve bulut kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir Kaos vard\u0131. O zaman hen\u00fcz Tanr\u0131lar bile yoktu. Tanr\u0131lar bu Kaos\u2019a bir d\u00fczen vermek \u00fczere geldiler ve yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k olan Yer ile G\u00f6\u011f\u00fc ay\u0131rd\u0131lar\u201d denilmektedir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ancak Babil anlat\u0131m\u0131nda, S\u00fcmer Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Enlil\u2019in yeri\u00adni, Babil Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Marduk alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E\u011fer efsanenin S\u00fcmer k\u00f6kenindeki R\u00fczg\u00e2r Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Enlil\u2019in \u00fcf\u00fcrmesi ile g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn havaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131n\u0131 bilmesek, Marduk\u2019un bunu yap\u0131\u015f ne\u00addenini anlamakta biraz zorluk \u00e7ekebilirdik.<\/p>\n

Yunan mitolojisine g\u00f6re ise, Gaia (Yer-Toprak) ile Uranos\u2019un (G\u00f6k) birle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan o\u011ful Kronos, anas\u0131 Gaia\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131 ile babas\u0131 Uranos\u2019un cinsel or\u00adgan\u0131n\u0131 bir t\u0131rpan darbesi ile keserek denize f\u0131rlat\u0131r ve su k\u00f6p\u00fckleri \u00fczerine sa\u00e7\u0131lan spermlerden A\u015fk Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Aph\u00adrodites do\u011far. Uranos ise b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131k atarak yukar\u0131ya f\u0131rlar ve b\u00f6ylece g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc olu\u015fur. R\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n \u00fcf\u00fcrmesi ile havalanan S\u00fcmerlerin masum \u201cu\u00e7urtma-g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc\u201d \u00f6yk\u00fc\u00ads\u00fcn\u00fcn burada bir Yunan tragedyas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00admekteyiz.<\/p>\n

Tevrat\u2019\u0131n \u201cYarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u201d (Genesis) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn olu\u015fumu \u201c\u2026ve Tanr\u0131 dedi: Sular\u0131n ortas\u0131nda bir g\u00f6k olsun ve onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rs\u0131n. Ve Tanr\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc yapt\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn alt\u0131ndaki sular\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcndeki sulardan ay\u0131rd\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde sunulmaktad\u0131r. S\u00fcmer efsanesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 3000 y\u0131l sonra yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Kuran\u2019da ise \u201c\u2026g\u00f6kler ve yer yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kken onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bilmezler mi?.. Hal\u00e2 inanm\u0131yorlar m\u0131?\u201d (Enbiya, 30) anlam\u0131nda bi\u00adraz serzeni\u015f i\u00e7eren bir ayetle bu inan\u00e7 yerini almaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 din bilginleri, bu ayeti \u201ci\u015fte B\u00fcy\u00fck Patlama kuram\u0131n\u0131n habercisi\u201d diye yorumluyorlar. Ancak bu ko\u00adnuda \u00f6nceli\u011fin S\u00fcmerlerde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: <\/strong>Metin Hotinli, 50 Soruda B\u00fcy\u00fck Patlama Kuram\u0131, Bilim ve Gelecek Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Aral\u0131k 2012, 2.Bask\u0131, S.14-16<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Her uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrenin olu\u015fumu ile ilgili bir \u201cyarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitosu\u201d vard\u0131r. Evrenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda bir kaos (karma\u015fa) i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu ve tanr\u0131lar\u0131n sonradan gelip bu karma\u00ad\u015fay\u0131 bir d\u00fczene soktuklar\u0131 inanc\u0131, kozmoloji efsanelerinin genelde ortak paydas\u0131d\u0131r. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitoslar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki tarihsel bilgimiz, ancak yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerin bulunabildi\u011fi birka\u00e7 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine, Mezopotamya uygarl\u0131klar\u0131na ka\u00addar uzan\u0131r. Bu efsanelerin \u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k olan ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":36705,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[657,5296,758,1858,672,477],"class_list":["post-36704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-evren","tag-genesis","tag-mezopotamya","tag-mitos","tag-sumer","tag-uygarlik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36704"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36704\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36705"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}