{"id":38564,"date":"2019-11-27T13:48:09","date_gmt":"2019-11-27T10:48:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=38564"},"modified":"2019-11-27T13:48:09","modified_gmt":"2019-11-27T10:48:09","slug":"bakterilerin-viruslere-karsi-gelistirdikleri-savunma-mekanizmasi-aydinlatildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/11\/27\/bakterilerin-viruslere-karsi-gelistirdikleri-savunma-mekanizmasi-aydinlatildi","title":{"rendered":"Bakterilerin vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdikleri savunma mekanizmas\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>New Arizona \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bakterilerin vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdikleri savunma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bakteriler, vir\u00fcslerin bakteri yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olabilecek genom yap\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, zararl\u0131 vir\u00fcs genomunu par\u00e7alayabilen h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi g\u00f6steriyorlar. Ayr\u0131ca bakteriler, bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisinin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan y\u00fcksek organizasyon kapasitesine sahip enzimlere de sahipler.<\/p>\n<p>Molek\u00fcler ve h\u00fccresel biyoloji alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten Profes\u00f6r Nancy Horton, \u201cBu, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski sava\u015f\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilecek bir durum. Bu sava\u015f, okyanuslardan topra\u011fa, kendi ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131m\u0131za kadar her yerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n<p>Enzimler, canl\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri kimyasal reaksiyonlar\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131ran proteinlerdir. Baz\u0131 enzimler, farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131 reaksiyonlarda i\u015flev g\u00f6rebilir. Spesifik bir enzim olan SgrAI, istilac\u0131 vir\u00fcs genomunun yava\u015f\u00e7a keser ve bunun birlikte ba\u015fka enzimlerle de ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak bakteri genomunu korur.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_38567\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38567\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-38567 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bakteri-vir\u00fcs-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bakteri-vir\u00fcs-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bakteri-vir\u00fcs-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bakteri-vir\u00fcs.jpg 726w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-38567\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisinin vir\u00fcs ile temas edildi\u011fi anda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bakteri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisinin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde verilmesi olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc vir\u00fcsler yap\u0131sal olarak tek ba\u015flar\u0131na \u00e7o\u011falamazlar. Vir\u00fcslerin \u00e7o\u011falabilmesi i\u00e7in bir bakteriyi kullanmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle vir\u00fcsler bakterilerin \u00e7o\u011falma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek bakteriyofaj veya faj olarak bilinen yap\u0131lar\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar. Bir bakterinin vir\u00fcslerin istilas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7abilmesi i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi bu nedenle \u00f6nemlidir. Bir vir\u00fcs, bir bakteriyi istila etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle bakterinin d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyine tutunur. \u0130\u00e7eri girmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131ktan sonra ise bakteriyofaj, bakterinin genomunu ve \u00e7o\u011falma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak kendi kopyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretir. Bu s\u00fcrecin sonunda vir\u00fcs kendi kopyalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur ve serbest kalmak i\u00e7in bakterinin d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyini patlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bir bakterinin vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi savunma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131, vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturulabilecek ba\u015fka savunma mekanizmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in de yol a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olabilir. Bu bulgular \u00f6zellikle de filament ismi verilen yap\u0131lar\u0131 olu\u015fturan enzimlere ili\u015fkin de ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 konumda.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2019-11-hidden-cellular-emerge-viruses.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New Arizona \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma, bakterilerin vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdikleri savunma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bakteriler, vir\u00fcslerin bakteri yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olabilecek genom yap\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, zararl\u0131 vir\u00fcs genomunu par\u00e7alayabilen h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi g\u00f6steriyorlar. Ayr\u0131ca bakteriler, bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisinin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan y\u00fcksek organizasyon kapasitesine sahip enzimlere de sahipler. Molek\u00fcler ve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":38566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[5588,493,5589,646,492],"class_list":["post-38564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-bagisliklik","tag-bakteri","tag-bakteriyofaj","tag-savunma","tag-virus"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}