{"id":39103,"date":"2019-12-19T03:20:29","date_gmt":"2019-12-19T00:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=39103"},"modified":"2019-12-18T19:03:22","modified_gmt":"2019-12-18T16:03:22","slug":"5700-yillik-sakiz-orneginden-insan-dnasi-elde-edildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/12\/19\/5700-yillik-sakiz-orneginden-insan-dnasi-elde-edildi","title":{"rendered":"5700 y\u0131ll\u0131k sak\u0131z \u00f6rne\u011finden insan DNA’s\u0131 elde edildi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Danimarka\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten biliminsanlar\u0131, 5700 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir eski insan\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnedi\u011fi sak\u0131z \u00f6rne\u011finden elde ettikleri DNA ile bu insan\u0131n genom yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 analiz etti. T\u00fcm genomu dizilenen bu insan\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnedi\u011fi sak\u0131z \u00fczerinde kalan besin maddelerinden beslenme \u015fekli hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilebildi. Bu insana \u201cLola\u201d ad\u0131 verildi. Biliminsanlar\u0131 \u201cLola\u201dn\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da yaparak bu canl\u0131n\u0131n bir portresini \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kopenhag \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Hannes Schroeder ve ekibi taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ekip sahadan elde edilen \u00f6rnekleri analiz ederek bu \u00f6rnekler \u00fczerinden DNA elde etti. DNA dizileme metotlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte bu canl\u0131ya ili\u015fkin pek \u00e7ok \u00f6zellik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labildi. Canl\u0131n\u0131n genomu \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, bu insan\u0131n muhtemelen siyah sa\u00e7l\u0131, koyu tenli ve mavi g\u00f6zl\u00fc oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Nature Communications dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Lola ismi verilen bu insan, \u0130skandinavya\u2019daki avc\u0131 toplay\u0131c\u0131lardansa Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki avc\u0131 toplay\u0131c\u0131lara daha yak\u0131n bir genoma sahip. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla, buzullar\u0131n geri \u00e7ekilmesinin ard\u0131ndan bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019dan bu b\u00f6lgeye gelen yerle\u015fimcilerden biriydi.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bu insan\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnedi\u011fi sak\u0131zdan elde edilen DNA \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla elde edilen genom yap\u0131s\u0131yla birlikte ilk kez insan fosilleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir materyalden eski insanlar\u0131n genomuna ili\u015fkin bilgi edinilebildi\u011fi kaydedildi. Schroeder, \u201cA\u011fa\u00e7 re\u00e7inelerinden elde edilerek sak\u0131z olarak kullan\u0131lan b\u00f6ylesi materyallerin ke\u015ffi, \u00f6zellikle de hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok fazla bilgi edinilemeyen eski insanlara ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok de\u011ferli bir antik DNA kayna\u011f\u0131. Eski insana ait bir genomu, kemik veya ba\u015fka bir doku haricindeki bir yerden b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle elde etmek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u00dczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lan sak\u0131z \u00f6rne\u011fi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sak\u0131z \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda elde edilen di\u011fer DNA\u2019lar, bu canl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki beslenme bi\u00e7imine ili\u015fkin de ipucu verdi. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda f\u0131nd\u0131k ve ye\u015filba\u015f \u00f6rdeklerinin DNA yap\u0131lar\u0131na rastland\u0131. Bu durum bu d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n bu besinleri t\u00fckettikleri anlam\u0131na geliyor. Canl\u0131n\u0131n genomunun dizilenmesine olanak sa\u011flayan DNA\u2019n\u0131n da elde edildi\u011fi sak\u0131z\u0131n ise, o d\u00f6nemde ta\u015ftan \u00fcretilen aletlerin birbirlerine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ve hu\u015f a\u011fac\u0131 kabu\u011fundan elde edilmi\u015f yap\u0131\u015fkan oldu\u011fu kaydedildi.<\/p>\n

Hu\u015f a\u011fac\u0131 kabu\u011funun \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen siyah renkli bu maddeye di\u011fer arkeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da rastlanm\u0131\u015f ve bu buluntularda di\u015f izleri oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015fti. Diz i\u015flerinin, maddenin daha kolay kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7i\u011fnenmesinden veya di\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 veya ba\u015fka rahats\u0131zl\u0131klarda tedavi amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmekte.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin incelenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda elde edilen di\u011fer DNA yap\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bakteri genomunu da var. Y\u00fcksek ate\u015f ve zat\u00fcrreeye neden olan hastal\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 bakterilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olmayan bir\u00e7ok vir\u00fcs ve bakteri genomuna da rastlad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Sak\u0131zdan elde edilen bilgiler, insan patojenlerinin y\u0131llar i\u00e7indeki geli\u015fimine dair de fikir vermektedir. Schroeder, \u201cBu t\u00fcr eski mikroorganizmalar\u0131n genomlar\u0131n\u0131 elde edebilmek olduk\u00e7a heyecan vericidir. Bu t\u00fcrlerin bug\u00fcne kadarki evrimlerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bulgulard\u0131r\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-50809586
\nhttps:\/\/cosmosmagazine.com\/biology\/lola-found-in-ancient-chewing-gum<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Danimarka\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten biliminsanlar\u0131, 5700 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir eski insan\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnedi\u011fi sak\u0131z \u00f6rne\u011finden elde ettikleri DNA ile bu insan\u0131n genom yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 analiz etti. T\u00fcm genomu dizilenen bu insan\u0131n \u00e7i\u011fnedi\u011fi sak\u0131z \u00fczerinde kalan besin maddelerinden beslenme \u015fekli hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilebildi. Bu insana \u201cLola\u201d ad\u0131 verildi. Biliminsanlar\u0131 \u201cLola\u201dn\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da yaparak bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":39107,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[272,773,5673,5674,5672],"class_list":["post-39103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-dna","tag-genom","tag-hus-agaci","tag-lola","tag-sakiz"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t