{"id":39248,"date":"2019-12-28T04:00:04","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T01:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=39248"},"modified":"2019-12-27T17:34:47","modified_gmt":"2019-12-27T14:34:47","slug":"fosil-calismalari-astronomi-kesifleri-ve-digerleri-2019un-haberleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/12\/28\/fosil-calismalari-astronomi-kesifleri-ve-digerleri-2019un-haberleri","title":{"rendered":"Fosil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, astronomi ke\u015fifleri ve di\u011ferleri: 2019’un haberleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rak\u0131p 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na girerken y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bilim g\u00fcndeminde yer alan haberleri derledik. Yeni y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131z Bilim ve Gelecek ile ge\u00e7sin!<\/p>\n

1) Galaksimiz Samanyolu\u2019nun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek ister misiniz?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Samanyolu\u2019nu teraziye koyup tartamay\u0131z elbette; fakat g\u00f6kbilimciler NASA\u2019n\u0131n Hubble Uzay Teleskobu ile Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Gaia uydusunu kullanarak galaksimizin k\u00fctlesini en do\u011fru \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7menin yolunu buldu. Son hesaplamalara g\u00f6re Samanyolu\u2019nun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 trilyon G\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesi kadar (1 birim G\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesi G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na denk). Bu k\u00fctlenin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir y\u00fczdesi Samanyolu\u2019nda say\u0131lar\u0131 200 milyar\u0131 bulan y\u0131ld\u0131za ve galaksinin merkezinde bulunan 4 milyon G\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlelik kara deli\u011fe ait. Kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %90\u2019\u0131 adeta evrenin iskeleti rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynayan ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 galaksideki sabit konumunda tutan, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez ve gizemli, karanl\u0131k madde denen yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine hapsolmu\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/11\/galaksimiz-samanyolunun-agirligini-ogrenmek-ister-misiniz\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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2) Modern insan yavrusuna \u00c7in\u2019den yeni karde\u015f: Xujiayao 1<\/strong><\/h3>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 100.000 ila 224.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Do\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n kimi b\u00f6lgelerinde Homo erectus<\/em>\u2019lar, Homo antecessor<\/em>\u2019lar, Homo heidelbergensis<\/em>\u2019ler, Denisovalar, Neandertallar, arkaik Homo<\/em>\u2019lar ve olmazsa olmaz, modern Homo sapiens<\/em>\u2019ler, yani bizler, ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyay\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zaman\u0131 payla\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u0131z. Bunun en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kan\u0131tlar\u0131ndan birini Kuzey \u00c7in\u2019deki Nihewan Havzas\u0131\u2019ndan \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7e\u015fit t\u00fcrl\u00fc insans\u0131ya ait fosiller olu\u015fturuyor. 1970\u2019lerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck kaz\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131kan 20 insans\u0131 fosili odur budur ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n, giderek geli\u015fen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme teknikleriyle tekrarlanan analizlerin konusu olmaya devam ediyor. Bu fosillerden biri, ad\u0131n\u0131 havzan\u0131n \u00f6zel bir noktas\u0131ndan alan Xujiayao 1, ke\u015ffedildikten 43 y\u0131l sonra, 16 Ocak 2019\u2019da Science Advances <\/em>dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya konu oldu.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/23\/modern-insan-yavrusuna-cinden-yeni-kardes-xujiayao-1\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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3) Tarihin ilk kara delik foto\u011fraf\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

BD Ulusal Bilim Vakf\u0131, 2012\u2019de bir kara deli\u011fin \u00e7evresini g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in kurulan Event Horizon Teleskobu\u2019ndan (EHT) elde edilen \u201c\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 sonucu\u201d, bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131yla t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6sterdi. \u201cDev kara delik\u201d, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bir yuvarlak \u015feklinde foto\u011frafa yans\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/04\/10\/tarihin-ilk-kara-delik-fotografi-yayinlandi\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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4) Buyurun dinozorlar sofras\u0131na: \u0130ngiltere\u2019den 85 ayak izi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir hazine<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hollywood\u2019un \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fi Yorkshire\u2019l\u0131 Jurassic Park\u2019a sonunda \u0130ngiltere\u2019den rakip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00dclkenin g\u00fcneyindeki Sussex b\u00f6lgesine ba\u011fl\u0131 Hastings\u2019de, 6 km uzunlu\u011fundaki bir k\u0131y\u0131 falezi boyunca, dinozorlara ait 85 adet ayak izi bulundu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 145 ila 100 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen ve Erken Kretase olarak bilinen jeolojik devre ait izler iknoloji (izbilim) d\u00fcnyas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferli. Zira bu koleksiyon, \u0130ngiltere s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u015fimdiye kadar bulunmu\u015f en \u00e7e\u015fitli ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 izleri te\u015fkil ediyor. Boylar\u0131 2 cm\u2019den 60 cm\u2019ye kadar de\u011fi\u015fen ayak izleri, Hastings-Fairlight falezlerinde son y\u0131llarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen yo\u011fun erozyon faaliyetlerinin sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Neil Davies ve Anthony Sillito\u2019nun 2014-2018 aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n meyvesi olan izler o kadar ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ki pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rnekte dinozorlar\u0131n derilerine, pullar\u0131na ve pen\u00e7elerine ait ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 da g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/10\/buyurun-dinozorlar-sofrasina-ingiltereden-85-ayak-izi-buyuklugunde-bir-hazine\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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5) Bilinen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6tesinde: New Horizons g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda<\/strong><\/h3>\n

“Bilinen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6tesinde”\u2026 Latincede “Ultima Thula” diye s\u00f6yleniyor. Bu ifade g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin en d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc katmanda, Pl\u00fcton\u2019un 1 milyar km \u00f6tesinde, 35 km \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir asteroidin ismi ayn\u0131 zamanda. Ve yine ayn\u0131 zamanda, NASA\u2019n\u0131n 800 milyon dolarl\u0131k orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli addedilen bir b\u00fct\u00e7eyle ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 New Frontiers program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda, 2006\u2019da f\u0131rlat\u0131lan New Horizons [Yeni Ufuklar] uzay arac\u0131n\u0131n son hedefi.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/08\/bilinen-dunyanin-otesinde-new-horizons-gunes-sisteminin-sinirlarinda\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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6) \u0130nsan beyni yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn manyetik alan\u0131ndan etkileniyor!<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Farkl\u0131 manyetik alanlarla \u00e7evrili oldu\u011fu durumlarda insan beyin k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlenen de\u011fi\u015fimler \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma; insanlar\u0131n, manyetik alan\u0131 fark edebildiklerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

ABD ve Japonya\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten biliminsanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ortak ara\u015ft\u0131rma ile bu konuda \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir sonuca ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Yap\u0131lan laboratuvar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerden ve D\u00fcnya ile ayn\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7teki manyetik alana maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lan insanlar\u0131n beyin k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131nda belirgin desenle\u015fmeler g\u00f6zlendi. Bu desenle\u015fme modelleri, maruz kal\u0131nan manyetik alana cevap olarak belirli bir y\u00f6nde rotala\u015fma ile olu\u015fuyordu; yani beyin k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131nda manyetik alan\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6re bir rota de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6zleniyordu. B\u00f6ylece, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile insanlar\u0131n manyetik alan\u0131 fark edebildikleri ve alan\u0131n etkisine tepki olarak belirli bir rota edindikleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/23\/insan-beyni-yeryuzunun-manyetik-alanindan-etkileniyor\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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7) Bilinen en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en ya\u015fl\u0131 T. Rex ke\u015ffedildi!<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Alberta \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten paleontologlar, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck dinozor iskeletinin (Tyrannosaurus Rex<\/em>) bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u201cScotty\u201d ismi verilen ve 13 metre uzunlu\u011funda olan T. Rex<\/em>\u2019in, 66 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Saskatchewan\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dcniversitenin Biyoloji Bilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve doktora sonras\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan Scott Persons, buluntu hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunarak \u201cBu, Rex\u2019lerin Rex\u2019idir\u201d dedi ve ekledi: \u201cTyrannosaurus<\/em>\u2019lar aras\u0131nda boyut a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fkenlikler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 daha sa\u011flamd\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131 daha uzun bacakl\u0131 ve inceydi\u2026 Scotty ise bu canl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011fa \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturanlardan. Bacaklar\u0131, kal\u00e7alar\u0131 ve hatta omuzlar\u0131 dikkatlice \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcnce, di\u011fer T. Rex<\/em>\u2019lerden daha iri yar\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenebiliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/26\/bilinen-en-buyuk-ve-en-yasli-t-rex-kesfedildi\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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8) J\u00fcpiter\u2019in G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e yolculu\u011fu<\/strong><\/h3>\n

4.5 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131\u2026 O zamanlar J\u00fcpiter, G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019ndeki di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok gezegen gibi hen\u00fcz emekleme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, hidrojen ve helyumdan olu\u015fan m\u00fcthi\u015f kal\u0131n atmosferi sayesinde D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n 1300 kat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan bu gaz devi, gen\u00e7 G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019imizi \u00e7evreleyen gaz ve partik\u00fcl bulutunun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kozmik toz i\u00e7inde yeni yeni ve kademeli olarak olu\u015fan di\u011fer t\u00fcm gezegenler gibi, \u015fimdikinden epeyce farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemi\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck gezegeni olan J\u00fcpiter, o zamanlar boyutlar\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131nkini a\u015fmayan bir \u00e7ekirdekten ibaretti. Ama sadece b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011fil, G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e olan mesafesi de farkl\u0131yd\u0131: \u015eimdiki konumunun nereden baksan\u0131z d\u00f6rt kat\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta bir yerlerde\u2026<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/03\/27\/jupiterin-gunese-yolculugu\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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9) Elektriksel beyin uyar\u0131lar\u0131 yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Georgetown ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda elde ettikleri bulgulara g\u00f6re, beynin g\u00fcvenli seviyede elektriksel uyar\u0131m\u0131, yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kapasitesini artt\u0131rabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Cerebral Cortex<\/em>\u2019in (\u201cSerebral Korteks<\/em>\u201d) online sitesinde yay\u0131mlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, Georgetown T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden psikolog Prof. Adam Green ve Dr. Peter Turkelbaut ile birlikte Medstar Ulusal Rehabilitasyon ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 da g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015flar. Ekip \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara s\u00f6zel baz\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 vererek, beyinde yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen alanlar\u0131 tDCS y\u00f6ntemiyle, yani o b\u00f6lgeye do\u011frudan elektriksel uyar\u0131 vermek suretiyle g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/04\/25\/elektriksel-beyin-uyarilari-yaraticiligi-arttiriyor\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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10) K\u00f6peklerin g\u00f6zleri insanlara \u00e7ekici gelmek i\u00e7in evrimle\u015fmi\u015f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re k\u00f6pekler evrim s\u00fcrecinde g\u00f6zlerinin etraf\u0131nda insanlara \u00e7ekici gelen mimikler yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan kaslar geli\u015ftirmi\u015f. Y\u00fczlerindeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kas, k\u00f6pek g\u00f6zlerinin insanlarda bak\u0131c\u0131 ve koruyucu bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 tetikleyen \u201cbebe\u011fimsi\u201d bir mimik yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re bunun gibi \u201cyavru k\u00f6pek g\u00f6zleri\u201d evcille\u015ftirilmi\u015f k\u00f6pekler ile insanlar\u0131n kayna\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.
\nBir k\u00f6pe\u011fin size bir \u015feyler s\u00f6yl\u00fcyormu\u015f veya ilgi istiyormu\u015f gibi bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 varsa bu evrimin duygular\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 manip\u00fcle etme yolu olabilir.<\/p>\n

Devam\u0131n\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in: https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/06\/21\/kopeklerin-gozleri-insanlara-cekici-gelmek-icin-evrimlesmis\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rak\u0131p 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na girerken y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bilim g\u00fcndeminde yer alan haberleri derledik. Yeni y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131z Bilim ve Gelecek ile ge\u00e7sin! 1) Galaksimiz Samanyolu\u2019nun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek ister misiniz? Samanyolu\u2019nu teraziye koyup tartamay\u0131z elbette; fakat g\u00f6kbilimciler NASA\u2019n\u0131n Hubble Uzay Teleskobu ile Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Gaia uydusunu kullanarak galaksimizin k\u00fctlesini en do\u011fru \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7menin yolunu buldu. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":39255,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[3043,816,297,766],"class_list":["post-39248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-dinozor","tag-fosil","tag-gunes-sistemi","tag-kara-delik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t