{"id":39417,"date":"2019-12-29T12:22:28","date_gmt":"2019-12-29T09:22:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=39417"},"modified":"2019-12-29T19:04:32","modified_gmt":"2019-12-29T16:04:32","slug":"50-kusagi-dogan-tekeli-ve-zor-sanat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2019\/12\/29\/50-kusagi-dogan-tekeli-ve-zor-sanat","title":{"rendered":"50 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131, Do\u011fan Tekeli ve \u201cZor Sanat\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fikir hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ele alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda 1950’li y\u0131llar neredeyse bir durgunluk d\u00f6nemi olarak yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 tutumlar\u0131n sahibi bir tak\u0131m gazeteler hep vard\u0131r ama1940’larda, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Hilmi Ziya \u00dclken’in Sosyoloji<\/em> dergisiyle, Ankara’da Behice Boran, Niyazi Berkes ve DTCF \u00e7evresinin Yurt ve D\u00fcnya<\/em> dergisiyle estirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hava s\u00fcreklilik kazanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 50\u2019leri resmen sona erdiren 1961 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesiyle olu\u015fan yeni atmosferde ise her \u015fey yeni ba\u015fl\u0131yor, ilk kez yap\u0131l\u0131yor, ilk kez tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, ilk kez d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor gibidir. Kurtulu\u015f Kayal\u0131 pek \u00e7ok metninde buradaki kopu\u015f alg\u0131s\u0131na ve bu alg\u0131ya ra\u011fmen arka plandaki s\u00fcreklili\u011fe dikkat \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. O bile, belki tarih\u00e7i al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flara daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, 40\u2019larla 60\u2019lar aras\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f 50\u2019leri sanki daha az renkli bulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1950\u2019ler T\u00fcrkiyesi\u2019nin fikir hayat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten de \u201ciki arada bir derede\u201d kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nazizm ve fa\u015fizmin y\u00fckseli\u015fine engel olamayan Avrupa, II. Sava\u015f\u2019tan \u201cuygarl\u0131k me\u015falesini\u201d ta\u015f\u0131yan sayg\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fc yitirmi\u015f olarak \u00e7\u0131kar. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, Nazileri yenilgiye u\u011fratan fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 da kontrol alt\u0131na alan yeni s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda beliriverir. ABD ise Sovyetlerin Avrupa\u2019daki ilerleyi\u015fini durduran bir di\u011fer s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. \u201cH\u00fcr D\u00fcnya\u201dn\u0131n yeni temsilcisi, buldu\u011fu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmden \u015f\u00fcphe etmeyen ve kendi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yeniden \u015fekillendirmek isteyen projeci bir devlettir. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n hen\u00fcz h\u0131z almakta oldu\u011fu bir d\u00fcnyada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kafayla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak cesaret gerektirmektedir. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, hemen her \u015fey alt \u00fcst olmu\u015fken iddial\u0131 s\u00f6zler etmek g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcr sanat ortam\u0131 ise yine politikan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmak kayd\u0131yla ve b\u00fcy\u00fck laflar etmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmakla birlikte farkl\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc sunar. \u201c1950 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d dendi\u011finde \u00e7o\u011fumuzun oldu\u011fu gibi benim de akl\u0131ma edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle de \u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcler geliyor: Leyl\u00e2 Erbil, Bilge Karasu, V\u00fcs\u2019at O. Bener, Yusuf At\u0131lgan, Ferit Edg\u00fc, \u00d6zcan Erg\u00fcder, Onat Kutlar. T\u00fcrk \u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli y\u00fckseli\u015flerinden birini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir o d\u00f6nemde yazmaya, yay\u0131mlamaya ba\u015flayanlar. Onlara g\u00f6re daha gen\u00e7 olan ve hayli ge\u00e7 yazmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f O\u011fuz Atay\u2019\u0131n da edebiyat \u00e7evresine yakla\u015fmas\u0131 asl\u0131nda ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemdedir. \u015eairler h\u00e2l\u00e2 akl\u0131ma gelmiyor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemin \u015fairlerini \u201c50 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d de\u011fil de \u201c\u0130kinci Yeni\u201d ad\u0131yla an\u0131yoruz: Edip Cansever, Turgut Uyar, Cemal S\u00fcreya, \u0130lhan Berk, Ece Ayhan, \u00dclk\u00fc Tamer. Bu iki grup birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve Sait Faik, Oktay Rifat, Melih Cevdet Anday gibi bir \u00f6nceki ku\u015fak say\u0131lan isimlerin de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda o g\u00fcnk\u00fc edebiyat hayat\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fi az \u00e7ok kestirilebilir. Okuryazar n\u00fcfusun yar\u0131y\u0131 a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 25 milyonluk T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Varl\u0131k dergisinin tiraj\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 7-8 bin oldu\u011fu zamanlar\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde canland\u0131rmakta bug\u00fcn zorlan\u0131yoruz. San\u0131yorum \u015fairlerle \u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcler aras\u0131ndaki adland\u0131rmaya dayal\u0131 bu ayr\u0131m benim 1950\u2019lerin k\u00fclt\u00fcr sanat hayat\u0131n\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak kavramam\u0131 hayli geciktirdi. Ancak zaman i\u00e7inde ilgim, alg\u0131m geni\u015fledik\u00e7e edebiyata oldu\u011fu gibi m\u00fczi\u011fe, resme, sinemaya ve mimariye de damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran \u201c50 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d mensuplar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffettim. Daha do\u011frusu, \u201cModern T\u00fcrk Sanat\u0131\u201d denince hat\u0131r\u0131ma gelen pek \u00e7ok ismin \u201c50 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulu\u015fabildi\u011fini fark ettim.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimi SALT\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fan Tekeli\u2019yi konu veya konuk etti\u011fi son birka\u00e7 toplant\u0131s\u0131 tetikledi. Salt Ara\u015ft\u0131rma bir s\u00fcredir Do\u011fan Tekeli-Sami Sisa Ar\u015fivi\u2019ni dijitalle\u015ftiriyor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki aylarda da tamam\u0131yla eri\u015fime a\u00e7acak. Do\u011fan Tekeli 50 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mimarl\u0131k alan\u0131ndaki temsilcilerinden biri benim g\u00f6z\u00fcmde. \u201cZor sanat\u201d dedi\u011fi u\u011fra\u015f\u0131nda, orta\u011f\u0131 Sami Sisa\u2019yla birlikte sadeli\u011fi aramaya gayret etmi\u015f. Hangi mimari ak\u0131mlar\u0131 kendilerine yak\u0131n bulduklar\u0131 soruldu\u011funda be\u011fendikleri, takip ettikleri mimarlar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 vermekle beraber \u00f6ncelikli ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cdo\u011fru yap\u0131y\u0131 yapmak\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Bi\u00e7imsel g\u00f6steriler u\u011fruna, bir mimarl\u0131k eserinden beklenen ba\u015fka \u00f6zelliklerin ihmal edilmemesi gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor. Ger\u00e7ekten, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli olanlar da d\u00e2hil her yap\u0131s\u0131na ilk bak\u0131\u015fta bir do\u011fruluk ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck dikkati \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fan Tekeli\u2019nin mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz \u00f6\u011frenciyken, \u0130zmir Merkez Bankas\u0131 proje yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kazanmas\u0131yla 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fl\u0131yor ve kesintisiz 61 y\u0131l s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Meslek ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mimarl\u0131k: Zor Sanat<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 2012\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda merakla ve keyifle okumu\u015ftum. Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir n\u00fckteli an\u0131lar derlemesi de, nehir s\u00f6yle\u015fi k\u0131vam\u0131nda hafif bir sohbet kitab\u0131 da de\u011fildi. Kendisini \u201cMimar Do\u011fan Tekeli\u201d yapan mesleki ge\u00e7mi\u015fini \u00f6\u011frencili\u011finden ba\u015flayarak kronolojik olarak yap\u0131 yap\u0131, proje proje dikkatle anlat\u0131yordu. Her projeye mahsus deneyimini irdeliyor, o deneyimin birikimine ve mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na neler katt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde bir alanda kendini ispat etmi\u015f olanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun bahsetmekten b\u00fcy\u00fck keyif ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakat yazmaktan, yay\u0131mlamaktan \u0131srarla ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu meslek ya\u015fam\u0131. Do\u011fan Tekeli ba\u015ftan beri farkl\u0131 bir yolu benimsemi\u015f. 1974\u2019te ilk 20 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n proje ar\u015fivini kitapla\u015ft\u0131rarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, t\u00fcm ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7ebi\u015f Evi\u2019nden Hisartepe\u2019ye <\/em>ile s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00d6zetle, \u201cT\u00fcrk mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc biz mimarl\u0131k yapt\u0131k, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 da yapt\u0131,\u201d diyor ve sakince kayda ge\u00e7iriyor tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131. Bir panelde \u0130hsan Bilgin, Mimarl\u0131k: Zor Sanat<\/em>\u2019\u0131n an\u0131 kitab\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de \u201c1950 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, hen\u00fcz yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f gayr\u0131 resmi mimarl\u0131k tarihi\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. \u00dczerine ne denir, bilmiyorum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fikir hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ele alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda 1950’li y\u0131llar neredeyse bir durgunluk d\u00f6nemi olarak yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 tutumlar\u0131n sahibi bir tak\u0131m gazeteler hep vard\u0131r ama1940’larda, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Hilmi Ziya \u00dclken’in Sosyoloji dergisiyle, Ankara’da Behice Boran, Niyazi Berkes ve DTCF \u00e7evresinin Yurt ve D\u00fcnya dergisiyle estirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hava s\u00fcreklilik kazanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 50\u2019leri resmen sona erdiren 1961 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesiyle olu\u015fan yeni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":39418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5692,38,513,515,510],"tags":[5719],"class_list":["post-39417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-191-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kitapcil","category-nautilus","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-dogan-tekeli"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39417"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39417\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}