115 y\u0131l \u00f6nce biliminsan\u0131 Richard Semon taraf\u0131ndan haf\u0131zan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015f mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in n\u00f6rolojik bir temel olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla “engram” kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re engram, d\u0131\u015f uyaranlara cevap olarak beyinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yap\u0131yd\u0131. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda engram\u0131n bir bili\u015fsel bilgi birimi oldu\u011fu ifade edilebilir.<\/p>\n
Engram kavram\u0131 Richard Semon taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak bu yap\u0131lara dair kesin kan\u0131tlar sunulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kan\u0131tlar geli\u015fen teknoloji ile birlikte elde edildi. Science dergisinde MIT’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten biliminsanlar\u0131 ile Toronto \u00dcniversitesi’nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n bu konuya ili\u015fkin olarak y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya yer verildi.<\/p>\n
Kemirgenler \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deneyler yoluyla engramlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli n\u00f6ron a\u011flar\u0131 olduklar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Beynin ilgili b\u00f6lgelerinde bulunan uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00f6ronlar bir topluluk olu\u015fturdu\u011funda beyindeki de\u011fi\u015fimler geri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131labilme potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yarak depolan\u0131r. Bu topluluklar, engram kompleksi olarak birle\u015fir. Engram\u0131 olu\u015fturan yap\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi yeni ba\u011flant\u0131lar olu\u015fturabilmesidir. Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda engram kompleksi boyunca depolanan belle\u011fin yeniden kazan\u0131labilece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015f olsa da deneyler s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu durumun tersine de tan\u0131kl\u0131k edildi. Baz\u0131 deneylerde bu belle\u011fin yeniden kazan\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da an\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fal yolla hat\u0131rlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporland\u0131. Bu g\u00f6zlemin Alzheimer gibi haf\u0131za bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan biliminsanlar\u0131ndan Sheena Josselyn, “100 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce engrafi yasas\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilk bilgileri edindik. Bu teorik fikirleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n h\u00fccre topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesi yoluyla elde etti\u011fimiz kan\u0131tlarla birle\u015ftirdi\u011fimizde belle\u011fin fonksiyonu ile ilgili kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z kolayla\u015ft\u0131” a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Biliminsanlar\u0131 ileriki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda engramlar\u0131n zamanla nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini ve engramlar hakk\u0131nda edindi\u011fimiz bilgilerin yapay zekalar\u0131n geli\u015fimini nas\u0131l etkileyebilece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131racaklar.<\/p>\n
Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/news\/2020-01-engrams-emerging-basic-memory.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 115 y\u0131l \u00f6nce biliminsan\u0131 Richard Semon taraf\u0131ndan haf\u0131zan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015f mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in n\u00f6rolojik bir temel olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla “engram” kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re engram, d\u0131\u015f uyaranlara cevap olarak beyinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yap\u0131yd\u0131. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda engram\u0131n bir bili\u015fsel bilgi birimi oldu\u011fu ifade edilebilir. Engram kavram\u0131 Richard Semon taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":39586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[982,254,5731,298],"class_list":["post-39584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-alzheimer","tag-beyin","tag-engram","tag-hafiza"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39584"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39584\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}