Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in fetihlerle dolu parlak d\u00f6nemler 1606\u2019da Avusturya\u2019yla imzalanan Zitvatorok Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla kapanm\u0131\u015f, bu anla\u015fmaya m\u00fchr\u00fcn\u00fc basan I. Ahmet, bir Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 olarak ilk kez ba\u015fka bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdarla ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde kabul edilmeyi sineye \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Oysa o g\u00fcne kadar b\u0131rak\u0131n sultanlar\u0131, el\u00e7ileriyle bile gurur ve kibrini her ko\u015fulda sergilemi\u015ftir imparatorluk. II. Mehmet d\u00f6neminden ba\u015flamak \u00fczere tek tarafl\u0131 diplomasi olarak tan\u0131mlanan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla, yaln\u0131zca gerekti\u011finde padi\u015fah\u0131n sesi olsun diye, ya \u00f6vg\u00fc ya da had bildirmek i\u00e7in yabanc\u0131 topraklara ulaklar g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f, \u00fcstten bakan tav\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde muhataplar hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplama gere\u011fi hissedilmemi\u015ftir. Oysa ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde payitaht, Avrupa\u2019dan \u00e7o\u011funlukla g\u00f6zlem g\u00f6reviyle ve olabildi\u011fince kal\u0131c\u0131 olmak \u00fczere gelmi\u015f pek \u00e7ok el\u00e7i a\u011f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6yleyebiliriz ki, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 \u00fczerine bilgisi, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki Avrupa bilgisinden kat be kat fazlad\u0131r. Bu da zaten, giderek kabu\u011funa hapsolan Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, d\u00fcnya bilgisini hazine saymaya ba\u015flayan Avrupa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz gerileyi\u015finin ba\u015fka bir i\u015faretidir.<\/p>\n
\u015eu Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 tan\u0131sak\u2026 Paris\u2019te yeni Osmanl\u0131 el\u00e7isi Ancak esasl\u0131 bir zorluk beklemektedir \u00c7elebi\u2019yi. Kendisinden elli y\u0131l \u00f6nce yine Paris\u2019e, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine ve Akdeniz ticaretindeki sorunlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek amac\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilen M\u00fcteferrika S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa, IV. Mehmet taraf\u0131ndan Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Kral\u0131\u2019na denk tutulmu\u015f bir kola\u011fas\u0131 olarak \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemin el\u00e7ilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 biraz da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131kla sergilemi\u015f ve bir diplomasi krizine neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rnek mi? Tabi yine rivayet muhtelif ama kral\u0131n saray\u0131na g\u00fcndelik k\u0131yafetlerle gitmi\u015f, getirdi\u011fi mektubu vermek i\u00e7in XIV. Louis\u2019in aya\u011fa kalk\u0131p yan\u0131na gelmesini beklemi\u015f, Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131n\u0131n saray\u0131n\u0131n Versay\u2019dan \u00e7ok daha g\u00fczel oldu\u011funu, hatta kral\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 le\u011fen tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019un s\u0131radan evlerinde bile bulundu\u011funu adam\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ve \u00fczerine basarak s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Kendisine Fransa ile ilgili bilgi vermek isteyenleri, ben \u00fclkenizin nas\u0131l y\u00f6netildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmeye gelmedim diyerek tersleyen ve kendisini ilgiyle izleyen kad\u0131nlara y\u00fcz vermeyen A\u011fa, ev sahiplerine g\u00f6re g\u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn somutla\u015fm\u0131\u015f halidir. Zaman\u0131n Fransa\u2019s\u0131nda bir uzayl\u0131 gibi alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez olan M\u00fcteferrika S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa bir yandan Moliere\u2019in Kibarl\u0131k Budalas\u0131<\/em> oyununa ilham olacak, bir yandan da \u00fclkede T\u00fcrk giyim tarz\u0131ndan dekorasyonuna, m\u00fczi\u011finden kahvesine kadar Turquerie diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan uzun s\u00fcreli bir moda r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131na yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa\u2019dan yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra Paris bu kez ba\u015fka bir Osmanl\u0131 el\u00e7isini yine merak i\u00e7inde beklemektedir. Yirmi Sekiz Mehmet \u00c7elebi\u2019nin, yan\u0131nda o\u011flu da olmak \u00fczere seksen ki\u015fiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolculuk ve Fransa g\u00fcnleri on bir ay kadar s\u00fcrer. Bu d\u00f6nem boyunca Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 yine ciddiyet ama bu kez a\u011f\u0131rba\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kla temsil eden \u00f6nc\u00fc diplomat, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi hakk\u0131yla yerine getirmenin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7er ve ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir gezi kitab\u0131 haz\u0131rlar. Yirmi Sekiz Mehmet \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Fransa Seyahatnamesi<\/em>, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu \u00e7e\u015fitli dillere \u00e7evrilecek ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelecek de\u011ferli bir kaynakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Fransa Seyahatnamesi Seyahatname<\/em>\u2019de ilk olarak, uzun bir gemi yolculu\u011funun ard\u0131ndan Fransa anakaras\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce, vebaya kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6nlem olarak k\u0131rk g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir karantina s\u00fcresinden s\u00f6z eder \u00c7elebi. Bu zorunlu bekleyi\u015f biter bitmez d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen yolda, \u015fehirleri birbirine ba\u011flayan \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkatini \u00e7eker, ama en \u00e7ok da su kanallar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Yolcu ve mal ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, mesafeleri ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131saltan ve her biri b\u00fcy\u00fck birer m\u00fchendislik projesi olan, suyu farkl\u0131 y\u00fckseklikler aras\u0131nda indirip \u00e7\u0131kartabilen kanallar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Frans\u0131zlar. Belki de \u00c7elebi\u2019nin \u015fimdi ilk kez g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc med cezirden esinlenmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n \u201cFransa avratlar i\u00e7in bir cennet\u201d \u0130ki toplumun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Lale Devri\u2019nin daha ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bu gezinin, hemen ertesinde Osmanl\u0131\u2019da at\u0131lan baz\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 belirlemek gibi bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, \u0130brahim M\u00fcteferrika ile birlikte ilk matbaay\u0131 kuran ki\u015finin, \u00c7elebi\u2019yle birlikte bu geziye kat\u0131lan ve Paris\u2019in tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karan o\u011flu Yirmisekizzade Mehmet Sait Pa\u015fa olmas\u0131, ba\u015fka s\u00f6ze gerek b\u0131rakmaz. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, as\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck etkilenmenin bah\u00e7ecilik ve saray esteti\u011fi konular\u0131nda olu\u015fu, o d\u00f6nemde ilerlemeden ne anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da bir i\u015fareti say\u0131labilir. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca, i\u00e7eriksiz bir bi\u00e7imcili\u011fin toplumda istenen etkiyi yaratmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, imparatorlu\u011fun sonraki y\u0131llar\u0131nda rastlanan pek \u00e7ok benzer giri\u015fimin de ancak \u00f6yk\u00fcnmeyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece de toplumda kal\u0131c\u0131 etkilere yol a\u00e7mak yerine yaln\u0131zca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7leri y\u00f6neten k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u00e7evreye \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Oysa \u00c7elebi\u2019nin seyahatnamesi, iki toplumu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca temel farklar\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funa ve tarihsel geli\u015fim i\u00e7inde al\u0131nacak yollar\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilmesine dair \u00f6nemli bir\u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 okuyanlara sunar. Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz bu farklar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle bir tanesi ise \u00fczerinde ayr\u0131ca durmay\u0131 hak etmektedir.<\/p>\n Kral taca aittir, ta\u00e7 krala de\u011fil Bu ilk tan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ileriki dakikalar\u0131nda ise daha \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir olay ya\u015fan\u0131r. Hep birlikte Hazine Dairesi\u2019ne inilir. \u00c7ocuk Kral \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fccevherleri konuklara gururla g\u00f6sterirken, Mare\u015fal kendisine, \u201cbu m\u00fccevher kimindir\u201d diye sorar. \u201cKimin olacak, benimdir\u201d yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 verir \u00e7ocuk. Mare\u015fal hemen d\u00fczeltir, \u201cyok, senin de\u011fildir, bu m\u00fccevher ba\u015f\u0131ndaki tac\u0131nd\u0131r\u201d. Demek ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn zenginlikleriyle birlikte kral taca aittir, ta\u00e7 krala de\u011fil.<\/p>\n Mehmet \u00c7elebi\u2019nin ancak bu kadar anlat\u0131p hi\u00e7 yorum yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu olaydan, fazlas\u0131yla etkilendi\u011fini s\u00f6ylememek i\u00e7in bir neden yok. O g\u00fcn ya\u015fanan diyalogu oldu\u011fu gibi yazmakla yetinip kendinden tek bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck eklememesi de anlaml\u0131 say\u0131lmal\u0131. B\u0131rak\u0131n bir y\u0131la yak\u0131n el\u00e7ilik s\u00fcresini, bu tek ziyarette ya\u015fananlar bile, devlet y\u00f6netimindeki iki farkl\u0131 iktidar bi\u00e7imi aras\u0131nda bariz farklar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye yeter. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da iktidar padi\u015fah\u0131n m\u00fclk\u00fc halindeyken, Fransa\u2019da kral oturdu\u011fu tahta aittir. Bu basit ama k\u00f6kten fark, devletin kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminden, bu y\u00f6netimin de\u011ferlendirilmesine kadar pek \u00e7ok alana dramatik \u015fekillerde yans\u0131r.<\/p>\n Seyahatname<\/em> \u00fczerinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yap\u0131lan yorumlar, sanki bir oryantalist bak\u0131\u015fla en \u00e7ok \u00c7elebi ve yan\u0131ndakilerin opera izlemeleri \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Kralla lalas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan diyalog ise nedense pek dikkat \u00e7ekici bulunmaz. B\u00f6ylesine \u00f6nemli bir diyalogun, opera salonundaki sar\u0131kl\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 imaj\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kaybolmas\u0131 ilgin\u00e7tir. Bu durum, iktidar bi\u00e7imleri aras\u0131ndaki farka dikkat edilmemesi kadar, devletin iktidar taraf\u0131ndan sahiplenilmesinin art\u0131k kan\u0131ksan\u0131p benimsenmi\u015f olmas\u0131na da yorulabilir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kurulu\u015funun ard\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde bir d\u00fcnya imparatorlu\u011fu haline gelen Osmanl\u0131, 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lla birlikte \u00f6nce sava\u015f meydanlar\u0131nda askeri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, sonra da diplomasi alan\u0131nda siyasi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmeye ba\u015flar. Art\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131dan esen tarih r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131n\u0131n Saray\u2019a kadar ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6stergesi, Avrupa\u2019ya bundan b\u00f6yle yaln\u0131zca bildirimlerde bulunmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, rakip devletleri tan\u0131y\u0131p ya\u015fay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgilenmek amac\u0131yla da el\u00e7iler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":177,"featured_media":40069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5771,38],"tags":[5602,5797],"class_list":["post-40015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-192-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","tag-rivayet-muhtelif","tag-yirmi-sekiz-mehmet-celebi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t
\n<\/strong>17. y\u00fczy\u0131l, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu i\u00e7in sonun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131labilecek olaylarla kapan\u0131r. Yeni\u00e7eri Viyana \u00f6nlerinde bozguna u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan Pasarof\u00e7a Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na kadar uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te Avrupa\u2019da ciddi toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Saray\u2019da art\u0131k, k\u00fcffara kar\u015f\u0131 ebedi oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckten do\u011fmu\u015f b\u00f6b\u00fcrlenmenin yerini, yenilgilerin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tedirginlik ve de\u011fi\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k bir kabul almaktad\u0131r. Bilimsel geli\u015fmelerin Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 teknolojik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel avantajlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle sava\u015f meydanlar\u0131ndaki dramatik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da daha \u00f6nce gerek duyulmayan \u015fekilde, Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 tan\u0131ma e\u011filimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda sava\u015fs\u0131z ge\u00e7en d\u00f6nem, tam da bu y\u00f6nde at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlara sahne olan Lale Devri\u2019dir. 1718-1730 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bu zaman diliminde, ucu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00f6rnekleri verilir. Ancak \u00e7o\u011funlukla bi\u00e7imseldir yap\u0131lanlar. Y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7in kent ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n estetize edilmesi ve sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131n zenginle\u015fmesinin yan\u0131nda, sanayile\u015fme ve bilginin \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7abalar\u0131 ister istemez s\u00f6n\u00fck kal\u0131r. Lale Devri\u2019nin, pek \u00e7o\u011fu s\u00fcreklilikten yoksun olacak hamlelerinin en dikkat \u00e7ekicilerinden biri de, Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Avrupa \u00fclkelerine ilk kez kal\u0131c\u0131 el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderilmesi olacakt\u0131r. 1720 y\u0131l\u0131nda devletler aras\u0131 denklik g\u00f6zetilerek bir Avrupa \u00fclkesine g\u00f6nderilen ilk Osmanl\u0131 el\u00e7isi, III. Ahmet\u2019in emriyle yollara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp Paris\u2019te on ay kalacak olan Yirmi Sekiz Mehmet \u00c7elebi\u2019dir.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Sultan\u0131n av k\u00f6peklerinin ba\u015f bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak saray \u00e7evrelerinde yer alan \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlilerden birinin o\u011fludur Yirmi Sekiz Mehmet \u00c7elebi. Edirne\u2019de do\u011fmu\u015f, ad\u0131n\u0131 yeni\u00e7eri oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 28. ortas\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 medrese e\u011fitimi ve g\u00fcvenilir karakteri sonucu ocak i\u00e7inde hukuk i\u015flerinden sorumlu y\u00f6neticili\u011fe kadar y\u00fckselmesi, \u00c7elebi\u2019yi yava\u015f yava\u015f d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli isimleri aras\u0131na sokar. \u00d6yle ki, Pasarof\u00e7a\u2019da Avusturyal\u0131lar ve Venediklilerle anla\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul\u2019dan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve belli ki bu a\u015famada yararl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da b\u00f6yle \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler i\u00e7in \u00f6nko\u015fulun \u201cikili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde Hristiyanlar\u0131n siyaset ve hilelerini bilecek kadar deneyimli ve i\u015finin erbab\u0131 olmak\u201d oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, \u00c7elebi\u2019nin bu ilk el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6revi i\u00e7in de uygun bir isim oldu\u011fu rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2-11-195x300.jpg\")
\n<\/em><\/strong>Sayfalar\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6zlem g\u00fcc\u00fc ile b\u00fcy\u00fck bir objektiflik sinmi\u015f olan Seyahatname<\/em>\u2019yi benzerlerinden ay\u0131ran en belirgin \u00f6zellik, Osmanl\u0131 ile Fransa aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalard\u0131r. \u00c7elebi\u2019nin yazmaya de\u011fer bulduklar\u0131, g\u00fcnl\u00fck olaylar\u0131n dikkat \u00e7ekici ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ile bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f neredeyse tarafs\u0131z g\u00f6zlemlerdir. Ana ba\u015fl\u0131klarda toplamak gerekirse, bu yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkede, \u00f6zellikle suyollar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkili bir ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011f\u0131, toplumsal yarara d\u00f6n\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fchendislik projeleri, kad\u0131nlar\u0131 da e\u015f oranlarda i\u00e7eren sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131n farkl\u0131 renk ve \u00f6zellikleri, Paris\u2019in bir b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir olarak d\u00fczeni, saray ya\u015fam\u0131 ile sosyete \u00fczerine notlar ve askeri disiplin ve y\u00f6ntem \u00fczerine bilgilerin bulundu\u011fu metin, yaln\u0131zca sunuldu\u011fu Padi\u015fah III. Ahmet ve Sadrazam Nev\u015fehirli Damat \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa i\u00e7in de\u011fil, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn okuru i\u00e7in bile olduk\u00e7a dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3-10-246x300.jpg\")
\n<\/em><\/strong>Geni\u015f yollar\u0131 ve alt\u0131 yedi katl\u0131 y\u00fcksek binalar\u0131 olan, \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle bezeli \u015fehirleri vard\u0131r bu \u00fclkenin. \u0130lk g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan da, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sosyal ya\u015famdaki etkinlikleridir. \u00c7elebi\u2019ye g\u00f6re Fransa \u201cavratlar i\u00e7in bir cennettir\u201d. Sokaklar kad\u0131n doludur ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00e7arklar\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ok onlar \u00e7evirir. Merakl\u0131d\u0131rlar da; \u00f6yle ki, de\u011fi\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc bu yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fehir i\u00e7inde bir yerden bir yere gidi\u015flerini yol kenarlar\u0131na dizilip izlemekle yetinmez, her g\u00fcn \u00c7elebi ile yan\u0131ndakileri g\u00f6rmeye, daha do\u011frusu seyretmeye gelirler. Hele Ramazan\u2019a rastlayan g\u00fcnlerde iftar, \u00e7evrelerinde onlar\u0131 izleyen ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta oldu\u011fu bir kalabal\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n namahreme yakalanma endi\u015fesiyle k\u00f6\u015fe bucak ka\u00e7\u0131p gizlenerek var olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131, XV. Louis d\u00f6nemi Paris\u2019inin, kabar\u0131k sa\u00e7l\u0131, dolgun dekolteli ve etkileyici kokular i\u00e7indeki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n boy g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak, ilgi \u00e7ekici olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit zorluklar da bar\u0131nd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r; \u00f6zellikle de \u00c7elebi\u2019yle birlikte bulunan seksen erke\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce. Seyahatname<\/em>, bu s\u00fcre boyunca resmi g\u00f6revler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Frans\u0131z halk\u0131yla ne t\u00fcr ili\u015fkiler kuruldu\u011funa dair herhangi bir bilgi i\u00e7ermez. Ama Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n o\u011flu Mehmet Sait\u2019in Paris\u2019in girdisine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131na hakim olmak i\u00e7in her t\u00fcr fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa katland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u00d6yle ki, bir keresinde Versay Saray\u0131\u2019n\u0131n dehlizlerini yan\u0131ndaki birka\u00e7 Parisli kad\u0131nla ke\u015ffederken kaybolduklar\u0131 ve iki \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4-8.jpg\")
\n<\/em><\/strong>Metnin i\u00e7inde her biri \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar bize, d\u00f6nemin iki toplumu aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan \u00c7elebi\u2019nin yapamayaca\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapma \u015fans\u0131 da vermektedir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda belki de en \u00f6nemlileri, i\u00e7inden neredeyse bir y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce Descartes ile Pascal\u2019\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f, o d\u00f6nemde Montesquieu ile Voltaire\u2019i ya\u015fat\u0131p, Rousseau ile Diderot\u2019yu b\u00fcy\u00fcten Frans\u0131z toplumunun akla dayal\u0131 egemenli\u011finin i\u015faretleridir. Osmanl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r a\u011f\u0131r k\u00f6hnerken, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 do\u011fay\u0131 modellemi\u015f, denetimi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f, tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00c7elebi\u2019ye Frans\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131r boylar\u0131ndaki \u015fehir ve kaleler ile co\u011frafi bi\u00e7imlerin \u00e7e\u015fitli boylardaki maketlerinden olu\u015fan yery\u00fcz\u00fc modelleri g\u00f6sterilir. Kendi topraklar\u0131na hakimdir Frans\u0131zlar. Oysa bu t\u00fcr maketler Osmanl\u0131\u2019da her \u015feyden \u00f6nce dinen caiz say\u0131lmaz. \u00d6rne\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rasathane ziyareti yap\u0131l\u0131r, bilginin d\u00fcnya ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa Osmanl\u0131\u2019da Takiyuddin\u2019in Tophane s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 rasathanesi g\u00fcnaht\u0131r diye denizden topa tutarak y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lal\u0131 140 y\u0131l olmu\u015ftur. Paris\u2019te bir hayvanat bah\u00e7esinde o g\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi canl\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r \u00c7elebi. \u0130lk kez opera g\u00f6r\u00fcr Osmanl\u0131 heyeti. Jean Baptiste Lully\u2019nin Thesee<\/em>\u2019sini izlerler. \u00c7elebi be\u011fenmi\u015f olmal\u0131 ki, ard\u0131ndan bir daha, bu kez De Destouches\u2019in La Tragedie d\u2019Omphale<\/em> eserini izlemeye gider. G\u00f6rd\u00fckleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duydu\u011fu derin hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendi \u00fclkesindeki ya\u015fant\u0131yla yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tezad\u0131, \u201cD\u00fcnya m\u00fcminlerin hapishanesi, k\u00e2firlerin cennetidir\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda buldu\u011fu teselliyle sindirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtecektir daha sonralar\u0131. T\u00fcm bunlar bug\u00fcn\u00fcn okuyucusuna, el\u00e7inin daha o g\u00fcnlerden Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaderini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrebilir. Kim bilir belki de hen\u00fcz ard\u0131llar\u0131 kadar umutsuz de\u011fildir \u00c7elebi, \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n kapanabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor olabilir.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/5-6-199x300.jpg\")
\n<\/em><\/strong>\u00c7elebi\u2019nin deyi\u015fiyle \u201cFran\u00e7e Padi\u015fah\u0131\u201d XV. Louis o g\u00fcnlerde hen\u00fcz on bir ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yeti\u015fmesi, lalas\u0131 olan Mare\u015fal Fran\u00e7ois de Villeroi\u2019n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. Saray\u0131 ziyaret edip \u00e7ocuk kralla ilk bir araya geli\u015flerinde Mare\u015fal, salonun bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde oyun oynamakta olan Louis\u2019i yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r ve \u00c7elebi\u2019ye kral\u0131 g\u00fczel bulup bulmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sorar. Ard\u0131ndan p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l parlayan sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n peruk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip hafif\u00e7e \u00e7ekerek g\u00f6sterir. \u00c7elebi ve yan\u0131ndakiler de kral\u0131n sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder ve ok\u015farlar. Sonra Mare\u015fal \u00e7ocuk kral\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn de g\u00fczel oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler, kendisine d\u00f6n\u00fcp, \u201c\u015f\u00f6yle bir y\u00fcr\u00fc de g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler\u201d der. Ancak \u00e7ocu\u011fun sal\u0131narak y\u00fcr\u00fcmesiyle de yetinmez, \u201cdaha h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket et, ko\u015ftu\u011funu da g\u00f6rs\u00fcnler\u201d diye ekler. Kral salonda ko\u015ftururken, Mare\u015fal konuklar\u0131na \u201cbe\u011fendiniz mi\u201d diye sorar. Onlar da \u201cAllah m\u00fcbarek etsin\u201d diye yan\u0131t verir. Belli ki, \u00f6nce g\u00fczelli\u011fi sergilenip sonra da ortada ko\u015fu\u015fturulan, Fransa Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/6-6.jpg\")