{"id":40070,"date":"2020-01-31T20:37:59","date_gmt":"2020-01-31T17:37:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=40070"},"modified":"2020-02-03T17:42:20","modified_gmt":"2020-02-03T14:42:20","slug":"cinden-yayilmaya-baslayan-koronavirus-hakkindaki-gelismeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/01\/31\/cinden-yayilmaya-baslayan-koronavirus-hakkindaki-gelismeler","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in\u2019den yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan koronavir\u00fcs hakk\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeler\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk ay\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen salg\u0131nlara ili\u015fkin haberler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze. Bunlardan biri d\u00fcnya geneline yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip olan Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, vir\u00fcs \u00fczerine s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ve tedavi i\u00e7in devam eden ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ili\u015fkin g\u00fcncel bilgilere odakland\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnya genelindeki yay\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fi nas\u0131l?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Koronavir\u00fcs enfeksiyonu ilk defa \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinde g\u00f6zlendi. 31 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar gelen bilgilere g\u00f6re 9809\u2019u a\u015fk\u0131n enfeksiyon vakas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 213\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131. 11 milyon insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Wuhan kentinden d\u00fcnya geneline yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc vakalar\u0131 15 \u00fclkede daha g\u00f6zlendi. Bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda Japonya, Almanya, Vietnam, Fransa, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, Rusya, \u0130talya, Sri Lanka ve Nepal var.<\/p>\n

Koronavir\u00fcs enfeksiyonu vakalar\u0131 \u00c7in d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ilk kez Vietnam\u2019da ve Japonya\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc; ard\u0131ndan geli\u015fen s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131na seyahatlerle birlikte d\u00fcnya \u00fczerine yay\u0131lan bir seyir izledi. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan biliminsanlar\u0131 vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnya genelinde yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n muhtemel oldu\u011funu kaydetmi\u015f ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilerini \u00f6nleyebilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n devam etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Koronavir\u00fcs \u00fczerine s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ne a\u015famada?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Biliminsanlar\u0131, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m \u015fekli, k\u00f6keni, hastal\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 etkisi ve tedavi metotlar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Son 20 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc hakk\u0131nda 50\u2019den fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma makalesi yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Wuhan vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn genom dizileme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucu elde edilen genetik<\/a> materyal dizileri di\u011fer biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapabilmesi i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Salg\u0131n\u0131n ilk evrelerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda enfeksiyon tan\u0131s\u0131 konulan ilk 425 hastan\u0131n ortalama ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 59 oldu\u011fu ve bu hastalardan y\u00fczde 56\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n erkek oldu\u011fu raporland\u0131. \u0130lk vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 55\u2019i, daha sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te geli\u015fen enfeksiyon vakalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 8.6\u2019s\u0131 Wuhan kentinde bulunan Huanan deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri pazar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ink\u00fcbasyon s\u00fcresinin (enfeksiyona neden olan ajan\u0131n v\u00fccuda girmesi ile hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n semptomlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlenmesi aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcre \/ kulu\u00e7ka) 5.2 g\u00fcn oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. \u0130lerleyen g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lan ba\u015fka bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada 2 ila 14 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresi oldu\u011fu raporlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma aras\u0131ndaki mevcut fark\u0131n temel nedeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda salg\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 evrelerinde enfekte olan farkl\u0131 insanlarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk enfeksiyon vakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu 60 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerindeki insanlarda g\u00f6zlendi, ilk vakalarda 15 ya\u015f alt\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk yoktu. \u00c7ocuklarda enfekte olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabilece\u011fi, enfekte olma durumunda da daha hafif semptomlar g\u00f6zlenebilece\u011fi ifade edilmektedir ancak salg\u0131n\u0131n ilk dalgas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan gelen verilerin daha net bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ise ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemlerdeki SARS ve MERS salg\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki yay\u0131l\u0131m kadar y\u00fcksek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201c2019 Yeni Koronavir\u00fcs Salg\u0131n\u0131: Vir\u00fcs Evriminin Kan\u0131t\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalede yer verilen filogenetik (t\u00fcrler aras\u0131ndaki evrimsel ili\u015fkilerin incelendi\u011fi alan) analiz raporu, Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki salg\u0131na neden olan SARS koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc ile benzedi\u011fini ancak belirli protein yap\u0131lar\u0131nda mutasyon g\u00f6zlendi\u011fini ortaya koydu. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc SARS koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 bir t\u00fcr olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerek.<\/p>\n

Tedavi metotlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirildi mi?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Avustralya’n\u0131n Melbourne kentindeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc h\u00fccre k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde yeti\u015ftirdi. Peter Doherty Enfeksiyon ve Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden bir ekip vir\u00fcs\u00fcn Avustralya\u2019da enfeksiyon te\u015fhisi konulan ilk ki\u015fiden 25 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fc izole edildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131 konusunda tedbirler art\u0131yor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Haz\u0131rlanan h\u00fccre k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri bu alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcten di\u011fer biliminsanlar\u0131yla da payla\u015f\u0131lacak. Enstit\u00fc y\u00f6neticisi Mike Catton, \u201cVir\u00fcs\u00fcn h\u00fccre k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc elimizdeyken yapabilece\u011fimiz \u00e7ok \u015fey var\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu. Benzer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00c7in\u2019de ve konuyla ilgilenen merkezlerin bulundu\u011fu di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde de s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Vir\u00fcs \u00f6rneklerine sahip olmak, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn bir ki\u015fiye bula\u015f\u0131p bula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak yeni testlerin geli\u015ftirilmesine ve erken evrede te\u015fhislerin yap\u0131labilmesine olanak sa\u011flayabilir. Vir\u00fcs k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin elde edilmesi hastal\u0131k \u00f6nleyici metotlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli. B\u00f6ylelikle vir\u00fcse y\u00f6nelik a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n da geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi ifade ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Fransa\u2019daki Pasteur Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, koronavir\u00fcs \u00fczerinde etkin olabilecek bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re a\u015f\u0131 20 ay i\u00e7erisinde tamamlanabilir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan tedbirler neler?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinden yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan vir\u00fcse ve salg\u0131na ili\u015fkin daha net yarg\u0131larda bulunabilmek i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz erken oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte acil durum \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n salg\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funu vurgulayan biliminsanlar\u0131, salg\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na bakarak 2019-nCoV’nin aktar\u0131labilirli\u011fi konusunda daha \u00e7ok veri elde edilebilece\u011fini kaydetmekte.<\/p>\n

Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn g\u00f6zlendi\u011fi ilk yer olan \u00c7in\u2019de yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n bu seviyede olmas\u0131n\u0131n temel nedeninin \u00fclkedeki ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Bu anlamda Wuhan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir merkez, ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n ortak noktalar\u0131ndan biri konumunda. \u00c7in\u2019de al\u0131nan ilk \u00f6nlemler ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda durdurulmas\u0131 oldu. U\u00e7u\u015flar yasakland\u0131, trenlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve turlar durduruldu. \u00c7in\u2019in Wuhan kentinden direkt u\u00e7ak seferlerinin bulundu\u011fu pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede tedbirler uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Avustralya, Tayland, G\u00fcney Kore, Japonya, Hindistan, \u0130talya, Singapur, Malezya ve Nijerya gibi \u00fclkelerde \u00c7in\u2019den gelen yolcular \u00fczerinde s\u0131cakl\u0131k taramas\u0131, semptom taramas\u0131 gibi uygulamalara ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte acil durum ilan etti. Kurum, salg\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemleri geli\u015fmemi\u015f \u00fclkelerde yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe edildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

(Bu yaz\u0131, koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131na ili\u015fkin 31 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve g\u00fcncel bilgiler \u00fczerinden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnya genelindeki yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrmektedir. Biliminsanlar\u0131, te\u015fhis ve tedavi \u00fczerine yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmaya devam ediyorlar.)<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-020-00253-8
\nhttps:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2020\/jan\/31\/coronavirus-outbreak-britons-fly-out-of-wuhan-as-death-toll-passes-200
\nhttps:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316
\nhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/nuccore\/NC_045512
\nhttps:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/jmv.25688
\nhttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-020-00154-w
\nhttps:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2760500
\nhttps:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(20)30212-9\/fulltext<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk ay\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen salg\u0131nlara ili\u015fkin haberler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze. Bunlardan biri d\u00fcnya geneline yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip olan Wuhan koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, vir\u00fcs \u00fczerine s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ve tedavi i\u00e7in devam eden ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ili\u015fkin g\u00fcncel bilgilere odakland\u0131k. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnya genelindeki yay\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fi nas\u0131l? Koronavir\u00fcs enfeksiyonu ilk defa \u00c7in\u2019in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":40071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[2777,609,5763,5764,1521],"class_list":["post-40070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-asi","tag-cin","tag-koronavirus","tag-salgin","tag-tedavi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t