Yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re insan aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi boyunca uzanan kemer yap\u0131s\u0131 insanlar\u0131n dik durmalar\u0131nda etkili olmu\u015f. Ayr\u0131ca kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir etkisi de bulunmakta.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar\u0131n ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan ve topu\u011fa kadar uzanan kemer yap\u0131s\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcme ve ko\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda ayak \u00fczerinde etki olan kuvvetlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ancak bilinen kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daha az belirgin olan ba\u015fka bir kemer yap\u0131s\u0131 da bulunuyor. \u201cMetatarsal\u201d olarak bilinen ve aya\u011f\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yer alan kemikler aya\u011f\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi boyunca etkili olan bir e\u011fri kemer yap\u0131s\u0131yla desteklenir ve d\u00fczenlenir. 26 \u015eubat\u2019ta Nature dergisinde yer verilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, tarsal kemeri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu kavisli yap\u0131, aya\u011f\u0131n uzunlamas\u0131na yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumda etkili oluyor. B\u00f6ylelikle primatlardan farkl\u0131 olarak iki ayak \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcme ve ko\u015fma yetene\u011fi kazanan eski Hominidlerin dik durmalar\u0131 ve kolayca y\u00fcr\u00fcmeleri sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Bu yap\u0131n\u0131n 3.4 milyon y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce evrimle\u015fmi\u015f olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmekte.<\/p>\n
Biliminsanlar\u0131, kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aya\u011fa sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 direnci daha \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biliniyordu. Metatarsal kemiklerinin aras\u0131nda yer alan k\u0131vr\u0131ml\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n aya\u011f\u0131 desteklemek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu bilinmiyordu. \u0130nsan ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcmek ve ko\u015fmak i\u00e7in nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fini bilmek, uzmanlar\u0131n daha iyi protezler \u00fcretmesine ve ayak kemiklerine ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavi edilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Bu nedenle s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nemli bir yerde duruyor.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca kavisli ayak kemerlerinin ilk g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerinin nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in eski insan atalar\u0131na ait iskelet kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve fosil yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi. \u015eempanzeler gibi insan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 primatlar\u0131n insanlardan daha d\u00fcz ayaklara sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirten biliminsanlar\u0131, ayak kemeri yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 3.4 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce geli\u015fti\u011fini raporlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Enine kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan malzemelerin daha sert oldu\u011funu belirten ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, aya\u011f\u0131n diren\u00e7 kazanmas\u0131nda bu sertli\u011fin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Ayr\u0131ca enine kemeri olu\u015fturan dokular zedelendi\u011finde (Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu dokular\u0131 keserek yap\u0131ya zarar verdi), aya\u011f\u0131n sertli\u011finde ve direncinde y\u00fczde 54\u2019l\u00fck bir azalma ya\u015fand\u0131. Biliminsanlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi ve dik durmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bu \u00f6zelli\u011fin derinlemesine analizinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla yeni tedavi metotlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/evolving-arch-across-foot-width-helped-hominids-walk-upright<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re insan aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi boyunca uzanan kemer yap\u0131s\u0131 insanlar\u0131n dik durmalar\u0131nda etkili olmu\u015f. Ayr\u0131ca kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir etkisi de bulunmakta. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan ve topu\u011fa kadar uzanan kemer yap\u0131s\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcme ve ko\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda ayak \u00fczerinde etki olan kuvvetlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ancak bilinen kemer yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daha az […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":40472,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[5872,5469,555,5873,5871],"class_list":["post-40471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-ayak","tag-hominid","tag-insan","tag-metatarsal-kemik","tag-yuruyus"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40471"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40471\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}