{"id":40573,"date":"2020-03-05T03:20:17","date_gmt":"2020-03-05T00:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=40573"},"modified":"2020-03-04T23:25:45","modified_gmt":"2020-03-04T20:25:45","slug":"covid-19-hastaligi-ve-pandemi-iliskisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/03\/05\/covid-19-hastaligi-ve-pandemi-iliskisi","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve pandemi ili\u015fkisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019in Hubei eyaletinin Wuhan kentinde etkili olmaya ba\u015flayan ve zamanla d\u00fcnya geneline yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6steren koronavir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenli hastal\u0131k 3 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc itibariyle 72 \u00fclkeye yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Hastal\u0131k vakalar\u0131, G\u00fcney Amerika ve Antartika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her k\u0131tada g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. SARS-CoV-2 ismi verilen koronavir\u00fcsten kaynaklanan bu hastal\u0131\u011fa COVID-19 ad\u0131 verildi. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 3 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 son rapora g\u00f6re, D\u00fcnya genelinde 90.870 vaka tan\u0131mland\u0131. Bu vakalar\u0131n 1922 tanesi 2 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan bir \u00f6nceki rapordan sonra bildirilmi\u015f. Enfeksiyon vakalar\u0131n\u0131n 80.304 tanesi \u00c7in\u2019den, 10.566 tanesi ise \u00c7in d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerden bildirilen vakalard\u0131r. \u00c7in\u2019de 2946 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi, \u00c7in d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 166\u2019e y\u00fckseldi\u011fi kaydedildi. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc 3 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc itibariyle \u0130ran\u2019da 1501 COVID-19 vakas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve 66 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya genelinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgeler. (Kaynak: CDC (Hastal\u0131k \u00d6nleme ve Kontrol Merkezi))<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m h\u0131z\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya genelinden gelen vaka say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015flar\u0131, koronavir\u00fcs kaynakl\u0131 bu salg\u0131n\u0131n bir pandemiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fi konusunda endi\u015felere neden olmakta. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir pandeminin e\u015fi\u011finde olmas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan konular aras\u0131nda kendine yer bulunuyor. Peki, pandemi nedir? Bir pandemiyi salg\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran \u00f6zellikler neler? Koronavir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenli hastal\u0131k pandemiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir mi?<\/p>\n

Pandemi nedir?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn tan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re pandemi, yeni bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir tan\u0131m yapacak olursak pandemiyi neredeyse kontrolden \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczere olan ve d\u00fcnya genelinde yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6stermi\u015f olan salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k olarak nitelendirebiliriz. Pandemi genellikle Influenza ile ili\u015fkilendirilmektedir. Pandemi, ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye bula\u015fan bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n iki veya daha fazla k\u0131taya yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n s\u00fcreklilik ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Koronavir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenli COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hem salg\u0131n hem de pandemi kelimeleri kullan\u0131labilir. Kelimelerin ne zaman ve ne ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na dair sert kurallar yoktur. Ancak bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n pandemi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 biliminsanlar\u0131ndan ve sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131ndan gelen geri bildirim dikkate al\u0131narak D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama ile birlikte resmiyet kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pandemi ve salg\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki farklar nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

T\u00fcm pandemiler, belirli bir co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgede ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hastal\u0131k salg\u0131n\u0131 ile ba\u015flar. Ancak bu salg\u0131n sadece o b\u00f6lge ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131rsa pandemiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme g\u00f6zlenmez. Bir hastal\u0131k k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterirse, farkl\u0131 k\u0131talarda salg\u0131nlar haline gelirse bu durumda bu hastal\u0131k pandemik \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131yor demektir.<\/p>\n

COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir pandemi midir?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ay yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama ile birlikte k\u00fcresel boyutta acil sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. DS\u00d6 ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n belli ba\u015fl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek sa\u011fl\u0131k riski oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Ancak koronavir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenli hastal\u0131k hen\u00fcz pandemi olarak nitelendirilmiyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Genel Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc olan Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, pandemi kelimesinin kullan\u0131l\u0131p kullan\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin karar\u0131n vir\u00fcs\u00fcn co\u011frafi yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, etkilerinin ciddiyetine ve enfeksiyon vakalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirmenin ard\u0131ndan verilece\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Son pandemi neydi?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan son pandemi ilan\u0131 2009 y\u0131l\u0131ndayd\u0131. H1N1 vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn neden oldu\u011fu domuz gribi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ilk alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7erisinde 1 milyar insan\u0131 enfekte etmi\u015f ve y\u00fcz binlerce ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda etkili olan \u0130spanyol gribi de olduk\u00e7a \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir etki g\u00f6steren ve sadece bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda en az 50 milyon insan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine neden olan pandemilerden biriydi.<\/p>\n

\"\"
CDC (Hastal\u0131k \u00d6nleme ve Kontrol Merkezi)’nin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rsel T\u00fcrk\u00e7ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

COVID-19 pandemi olarak ilan edildi\u011finde ne olacak?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Pandemi ilan\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fcnya genelinde yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ve tedavilerin geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak kaynaklar\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Salg\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yo\u011fun \u00e7aba ve panikten ka\u00e7\u0131nmak istenmesinin D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn pandemi ilan\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz yapmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndaki temel nedenler oldu\u011fu belirtilmekte.<\/p>\n

Minnesota \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden epidemilog Michael Osterholm, COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n SARS ve MERS hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir etki ve yay\u0131l\u0131m d\u00fczeyine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederek SARS-CoV-2 koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn neden oldu\u011fu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n grip gibi yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde d\u00fcnya genelinde yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

Osterholm, koronavir\u00fcs ile ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek durumunda oldu\u011fumuzun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. SARS-CoV-2 koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalara kadar t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemlerin \u00f6nemli ancak ge\u00e7ici oldu\u011funu ifade eden Osterholm, s\u00f6z konusu y\u00f6ntemlerin uzun vadede etkisiz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

Pandemi ilan\u0131, daha fazla kayna\u011f\u0131n ve olana\u011f\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olsa da \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkenin pandemi ilan\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 mevcut bir haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle zorluklar ya\u015fanabilece\u011fi belirtiliyor. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Johns Hopkins K\u00fcresel Sa\u011fl\u0131k G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ve 195 \u00fclkenin incelendi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkenin hastal\u0131k te\u015fhisinde yeterli seviyede bir sisteme sahip olduklar\u0131 ancak belirli \u00fclkelerde yeterlili\u011fin sa\u011flanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda Kanada ve ABD gibi pandemi ilan\u0131na en haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde bile eksikliklerin oldu\u011fu kaydedilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla te\u015fhis ve tedavi konusunda \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemeler sa\u011flanmas\u0131 pandemi ilan\u0131 sonras\u0131ndaki kaynak art\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla belki m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Ancak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n belirli b\u00f6lgelerinde pandemi ilan\u0131 sonras\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131 gereken prosed\u00fcrlerin yerine getirilemeyece\u011finden endi\u015fe duyulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar:\u00a0<\/strong>SCIENCE NEWS<\/a>; WHO<\/a>; WHO<\/a>; NEW YORK TIMES<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019in Hubei eyaletinin Wuhan kentinde etkili olmaya ba\u015flayan ve zamanla d\u00fcnya geneline yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6steren koronavir\u00fcs k\u00f6kenli hastal\u0131k 3 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc itibariyle 72 \u00fclkeye yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Hastal\u0131k vakalar\u0131, G\u00fcney Amerika ve Antartika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her k\u0131tada g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. SARS-CoV-2 ismi verilen koronavir\u00fcsten kaynaklanan bu hastal\u0131\u011fa COVID-19 ad\u0131 verildi. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 3 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":40575,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[5848,5763,5891,5764,5827],"class_list":["post-40573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-covid-19","tag-koronavirus","tag-pandemi","tag-salgin","tag-sars-cov-2"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t