{"id":41964,"date":"2020-04-09T20:50:37","date_gmt":"2020-04-09T17:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=41964"},"modified":"2020-04-09T20:50:37","modified_gmt":"2020-04-09T17:50:37","slug":"ekoloji-ve-evrimsel-biyoloji-derneginden-turkiyedeki-ilk-koronavirus-genetik-dizi-calismasina-iliskin-degerlendirme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/04\/09\/ekoloji-ve-evrimsel-biyoloji-derneginden-turkiyedeki-ilk-koronavirus-genetik-dizi-calismasina-iliskin-degerlendirme","title":{"rendered":"Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi&#8217;nden, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki ilk koronavir\u00fcs genetik dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00fcresel bir salg\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs (SARS-CoV-2) kaynakl\u0131 COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki etkinli\u011fini koruyor. Hastalardan al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekler \u00fczerinden izole edilen yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de ba\u015fland\u0131. Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de yap\u0131lan ilk koronavir\u00fcs genetik dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren bir \u00f6n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ekoevo.org\/turkiyenin-ilk-sars-cov-2-genomu-ile-ilgili-on-calisma\/\">raporu<\/a> yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Raporda &#8220;Bilim insanlar\u0131, COVID-19 pandemisine kar\u015f\u0131 etkin sava\u015fta son derece \u00f6nemli olan genetik bilgi ve kaynaklar\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in yo\u011fun bir seferberlik i\u00e7indedir. Bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda\u00a0 ilk olarak \u00c7in\u2019deki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar h\u0131zla vir\u00fcs\u00fcn genomunu dizilemeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla beraber, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke vir\u00fcs genomunu dizileyerek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vir\u00fcsler, konak h\u00fccreye girdikten sonra ilk olarak kendi genetik bilgilerini \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131p, say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefler. Ancak bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde vir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik materyalinde (genomunda) de\u011fi\u015fimler meydana gelebilir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimler,\u00a0 varyasyon olu\u015fturarak, su\u015f olarak isimlendirilen farkl\u0131 COVID-19 tiplerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u00dcretilen genetik verilerin incelenmesiyle, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131lma \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri ve yay\u0131l\u0131rken ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi genetik de\u011fi\u015fimler takip edilebilmektedir&#8221; ifadelerine yer veren Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi, dizilenen genom \u00fczerinden elde edilen bilgilerin koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye nereden giri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan vir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine kadar pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan bilgi verebilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<p>Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi&#8217;nin raporunda &#8220;T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6rne\u011finin dizileri di\u011fer \u00f6rnekler ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle genomun 1000 &#8211; 1480; 2100 &#8211; 3400 ve 14400 &#8211; 15000 b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan di\u011fer \u00f6rneklerde g\u00f6zlenmeyen y\u00fcksek say\u0131da \u00f6zg\u00fcn tekil (singleton) mutasyonlara rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toplamda T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6rne\u011finin referans genoma k\u0131yasla y\u00fczde 0.44 oran\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcn mutasyona sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&#8221; ifadelerine yer verildi. S\u00f6z konusu \u00f6zg\u00fcn tekil mutasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dizileme s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki hatalar veya yetersiz filtreleme oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Raporda, dizileme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan platformun (Oxford Nanopore) hata oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir platform oldu\u011funun alt\u0131 \u00e7izildi.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnya genelinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs i\u00e7in iki temel soy hatt\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmi\u015fti. Raporda, &#8220;Olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz her iki a\u011fa\u00e7 da \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f olan iki temel soy hatt\u0131n\u0131 ve L ve S tipi su\u015flar\u0131 yakalayabilmi\u015ftir. Genel olarak Bayesyen y\u00f6ntemle olu\u015fturulan a\u011fa\u00e7, su\u015flar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri daha belirgin ve daha y\u00fcksek g\u00fcvenilirlikte ortaya koyabilmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, maksimum olas\u0131l\u0131k a\u011fac\u0131nda su\u015flar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve filogenetik ili\u015fkiler daha az belirgindir. Fakat, maksimum olas\u0131l\u0131k a\u011fac\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin konumu Bayesyen a\u011faca g\u00f6re daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i olup, maksimum olas\u0131l\u0131k a\u011fac\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den \u00f6rneklenen SARS-CoV-2 su\u015funu ortado\u011fudan \u00f6rneklenen di\u011fer su\u015flar ile birlikte konumland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bayesyen a\u011fa\u00e7ta ise T\u00fcrkiye di\u011fer SARS-CoV-2 su\u015flar\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 ve neredeyse atasal veya d\u0131\u015f grup olacak \u015fekilde konumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (\u015eekil 1). Bahsedilen dizileme hatalar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den yay\u0131nlanan dizinin Bayesyen a\u011fa\u00e7taki beklenmeyen konumunu a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir. Bayesen analizlerin tekil mutasyonlara hassasiyetinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir&#8221; ifadeleriyle yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_41965\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-41965\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41965 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/\u015fekil-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"784\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/\u015fekil-1.png 768w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/\u015fekil-1-294x300.png 294w, https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/\u015fekil-1-600x613.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-41965\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u015eekil 1: T\u00fcrkiye, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yak\u0131n Avrupa ve Asya \u00fclkelerinden ve \u00c7in\u2019den elde edilmi\u015f SARS-CoV-2 ve en yak\u0131n akrabas\u0131 olan yarasa koronavir\u00fcs\u00fc genomlar\u0131n\u0131n Bayesyen ve Maksimum Olas\u0131l\u0131k tabanl\u0131 filogenetik a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki vir\u00fcs\u00fcn k\u00f6keni<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi&#8217;nin de\u011ferlendirme raporunda, &#8220;T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den \u00f6rneklenen SARS-CoV-2\u2019nin \u015eekil 1\u2019de verilen mutasyon \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bu \u00f6rne\u011fin Kuveyt, \u0130srail, G\u00fcrcistan gibi Bat\u0131 Asya ve Ortado\u011fu su\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran soy hatt\u0131 olan Soyhatt\u0131 1\u2019e \u00f6zg\u00fcn belirte\u00e7leri ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve d\u00fcnyada yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7o\u011fu su\u015f gibi L tipi oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den dizilenen \u00f6rne\u011fin ayn\u0131 zamanda Kuveyt ve Ortado\u011fu su\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc mutasyonlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 (\u015eeki 1) bu su\u015fun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Ortado\u011fu \u00fczerinden girmi\u015f olma ihtimalini y\u00fckseltmektedir&#8221; a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na yer verildi.<\/p>\n<p>Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi, koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn di\u011fer tipine ili\u015fkin verileri de de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi raporunda \u015fu ifadeleri kulland\u0131:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde bulunan \u00fclkelerde her iki temel soy hatt\u0131na ait SARS-CoV-2 \u00f6rneklerinin bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun yan\u0131nda, &#8216;L&#8217; tipi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve bula\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek olan SARS-CoV-2 \u015fu\u015funun, Avrupa ve Asya\u2019da daha yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (\u015eekil 1). Fakat hem G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da hem de Yunanistan\u2019dan al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekler aras\u0131nda &#8216;S&#8217; tipinin bulunmas\u0131, \u00fclkemizde de bula\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 ve potansiyel olarak vir\u00fclanslar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan iki ayr\u0131 \u015fu\u015fun bulunma ihtimalini kuvvetlendirmektedir. Son olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6rece yak\u0131n ve T\u00fcrkiye ile yolcu trafi\u011fi y\u00fcksek olan G\u00fcrcistan, Belarus, Estonya, \u0130srail, \u0130talya ve Kuveyt gibi \u00fclkelerde, \u00f6zg\u00fcn soy hatlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (\u015eekil 1).&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Bu \u00f6n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de SARS-CoV-2 \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin y\u00fcksek olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret etmekte ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin her b\u00f6lgesini kapsayan \u00f6rneklerden bir an \u00f6nce genetik veri \u00fcretilerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de var olan su\u015flar\u0131n belirlenmesinin \u00f6neminin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmektedir.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi&#8217;nin raporuna <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ekoevo.org\/turkiyenin-ilk-sars-cov-2-genomu-ile-ilgili-on-calisma\/\">ba\u011flant\u0131<\/a>y\u0131 kullanarak ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00fcresel bir salg\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs (SARS-CoV-2) kaynakl\u0131 COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki etkinli\u011fini koruyor. Hastalardan al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekler \u00fczerinden izole edilen yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de ba\u015fland\u0131. Ekoloji ve Evrimsel Biyoloji Derne\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de yap\u0131lan ilk koronavir\u00fcs genetik dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren bir \u00f6n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma raporu yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Raporda &#8220;Bilim insanlar\u0131, COVID-19 pandemisine kar\u015f\u0131 etkin sava\u015fta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":40071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[5746,292,773,5763],"class_list":["post-41964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-dizileme","tag-genetik","tag-genom","tag-koronavirus"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41964"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41964\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}