{"id":43220,"date":"2012-05-01T16:43:24","date_gmt":"2012-05-01T13:43:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=43220"},"modified":"2020-04-26T16:49:54","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T13:49:54","slug":"kiskirtici-ama-kilavuz-bir-kitap-osmanlinin-son-savasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2012\/05\/01\/kiskirtici-ama-kilavuz-bir-kitap-osmanlinin-son-savasi","title":{"rendered":"K\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, ama k\u0131lavuz bir kitap: \u201cOsmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Haldun Karyol<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu de\u011ferlendirmeyi kaleme al\u0131rken, ayd\u0131nlanma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kamuoyuna takdim edilme a\u015famas\u0131na gelmi\u015f bir eseri tan\u0131tmak istiyorum. Bu vesileyle T\u00fcrk toplumunun sorunlu h\u00e2kimiyet hayalleri ve militarizm hakk\u0131nda birka\u00e7 s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylemek gere\u011fi de zorunlu oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n son kitab\u0131 <em>Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131<\/em>, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u0130TC (\u0130ttihat Terakki Cemiyeti) h\u00fck\u00fcmeti eliyle 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 mezbahas\u0131na kurbanl\u0131k koyun misali s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi meselesini irdeliyor\u2026 Uluslararas\u0131 literat\u00fcr\u00fc de izleyen biri olarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1. D\u00fcnya Harbi maceras\u0131 konusunun, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve d\u00fcnyada bu eserde oldu\u011fu kadar ciddi, \u00f6zenli ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeliyim; ki okuyanlar bu yarg\u0131ma hak vereceklerdir. T\u00fcrk ulusla\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fcnde I. D\u00fcnya Harbi maceras\u0131n\u0131n belirleyici ve kurucu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemez bir yeri var.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye son iki-\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kur\u015fun ge\u00e7irmez birtak\u0131m ideolojik-siyasi gettolara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f haldedir. Ama ilgin\u00e7tir, birbirileriyle hemen hi\u00e7bir hususta anla\u015famayan \u00e7evreler, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1. D\u00fcnya Harbi maceras\u0131n\u0131n -\u00f6zellikle de \u00c7anakkale \/ Gelibolu muharebelerinin- olumlu ve toplumu ileriye ta\u015f\u0131yan i\u015flevlere sahip oldu\u011funda hemfikirdir. Mevcut gettolar\u0131n en irilerinden en marjinallerine kadar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1. D\u00fcnya Harbi\u2019ne i\u015ftiraki hakk\u0131nda kayda de\u011fer bir itiraz beyan etmezler. Egemen tarih yaz\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da \u0131srarl\u0131 \u00e7abas\u0131 sonucunda, milliyet\u00e7ilik ve \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k eksenli olarak bu trajik tarihin kategorik bir olumlanmas\u0131 \u00e7abas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Bu ba\u011flamda Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1. D\u00fcnya Harbi\u2019ne i\u015ftiraki maceras\u0131n\u0131n, milli haf\u0131zada olumlu, gerekli, hatta zorunlu bir vaka olarak yer etmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1.D\u00fcnya Harbi\u2019ni ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan nesil aras\u0131nda (ba\u015fta Mustafa Kemal olmak \u00fczere) pek \u00e7ok \u015fahsiyetin harbe i\u015ftirakle ilgili itirazlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlar, devrin Ba\u015fkumandan\u0131 Enver\u2019in bizzat idare etti\u011fi Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f Harek\u00e2t\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sava\u015fa giri\u015f ve di\u011fer bir dizi kararlar\u0131yla ilgili ele\u015ftirilerde bulunmu\u015f, Allah\u00fcekber\u2019de 90.000 askerin donarak kaybedilmesi sebebiyle Enver\u2019i k\u0131nam\u0131\u015f ve lanetlemi\u015flerdir. Ama bug\u00fcne gelindi\u011finde, ondan adeta milli, yurtsever, kahraman bir ata k\u00fclt\u00fc yarat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sava\u015fa giri\u015fin de ma\u011fdurluk \u00fczerinden gerek\u00e7elendirildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Bir yandan K\u00fcrt sorunu eksenli ya\u015fanan \u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Yo\u011funluklu \u00c7at\u0131\u015fma\u201d vakas\u0131, di\u011fer yandan d\u00fcnyada g\u00fcncelle\u015fen Ermeni sorunu ekseninde geli\u015fen bas\u0131nc\u0131n egemenlerce g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslenme \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fimde temel bir rol\u00fc olsa gerek. T\u0131pk\u0131 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde oldu\u011fu gibi, kendi egemenliklerini risk alt\u0131nda bulanlar, toplumu kendi etraflar\u0131nda tahkim etmek i\u00e7in adeta cinnet ortam\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu iradi \u00e7aba toplumda bir travmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u201cYeni \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\u201d alg\u0131s\u0131 da h\u0131zla geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bunun sonucunda, \u00f6rne\u011fin kendisini solcu sanan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k dahil bir dizi yeni garabetle muhatap olabiliyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Tarih, din ve milliyet\u00e7ilik gibi artan oranda siyasetin arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmakta, bu ba\u011flamda \u00f6zellikle milli kimli\u011fin in\u015fas\u0131 ve etnik ar\u0131nd\u0131rman\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi temel bir konu haline gelmektedir. Art\u0131k \u00c7anakkale anmalar\u0131 adeta kutsal bir t\u00f6rene d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmekte, Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f facias\u0131 ise, sorumlular\u0131n yarg\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kahramanl\u0131k destan\u0131 olarak takdim edilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ortamda ger\u00e7ekle y\u00fczle\u015fmeye olan ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcmektedir ki, Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n eseri, sosyalist ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fi, akademik titizli\u011fi ile bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. D\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin Ermeni sorununu eksen alan sorgulay\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan ayr\u0131mla Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n eseri Osmanl\u0131 muktedirlerini T\u00fcrk-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki sorumsuzlu\u011fu, Alman i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ili\u011fi ve Turanc\u0131 yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k ekseninde irdelemektedir. Bu geli\u015fmenin uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131 i\u00e7inde, neden ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde irdelenmesi adeta g\u00f6zlerimizi a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><em>Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131<\/em>, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n derin Alman ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu eksende Osmanl\u0131 muktedirlerinin birer Alman i\u015fbirlik\u00e7isine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir anlat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektedir. Bu kapsamda Alman ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, iktisadi olmaktan \u00e7ok askeri-siyasal olan karakteri, bunun geli\u015fim ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olgularla g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kincisi, ba\u015fta Rusya olmak \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 par\u00e7alamaya haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f \u0130tilaf Blo\u011fu iddias\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi \u00f6rne\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Gizli i\u00e7 yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan hareketle \u0130tilaf Blo\u011fu\u2019nun Osmanl\u0131ya toprak g\u00fcvencesi sundu\u011fu, Sevr\u2019e giden par\u00e7alama anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ise, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n durup dururken Rusya\u2019ya sald\u0131rmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, toptanc\u0131 kategorile\u015ftirmelere kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n 1908 sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 devrimci d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn olgulara dayal\u0131 bir anlat\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Zay\u0131f dinamikleri ve aleyhte ko\u015fullara kar\u015f\u0131n, 1908\u2019in Osmanl\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7o\u011fulculuk ve me\u015frutiyeti temsil etti\u011fi, ancak \u00f6zellikle 1911\u2019den sonra h\u0131zla kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n felaketi haline geldi\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sava\u015fa giri\u015finin esas nedeninin Turanc\u0131 yay\u0131lma oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla savunma kayg\u0131s\u0131 eksenli anlat\u0131lar\u0131n tamamen spek\u00fclatif oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi, \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ve olgusal kan\u0131tlarla g\u00f6sterilmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Ziya G\u00f6kalp, \u00d6mer Seyfettin, Moiz Kohen, vb. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 ideologlar\u0131n me\u015fum rol\u00fcn\u00fcn irdelendi\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcm olduk\u00e7a \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Be\u015fincisi bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Alman ittifak antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimini ve i\u00e7eri\u011fini, Goeben ve Breslau kruvaz\u00f6rlerinin getirili\u015fi ve Amiral Souchon misyonunun rol\u00fcn\u00fc, Karadeniz\u2019deki Rus \u015fehirlerine sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n Almanlarca nas\u0131l sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 muktedirlerin hem Osmanl\u0131 resmi kurumlar\u0131na hem de birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri tertipleri ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla de\u015fifre etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Alt\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n hem i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i hem de sorunlu ki\u015fili\u011finin, \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir portresini sunuyor olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131nda da \u00f6zel bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik bu portreyi bir yanda Alman generallerinin, di\u011fer yandan T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi nezdinde sayg\u0131n isimlerin yarg\u0131lar\u0131yla yapmas\u0131 da ona \u00f6zel bir anlam kat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Gerek milliyet\u00e7ilik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, gerekse de Almanc\u0131l\u0131k ve sava\u015fa dahil olma s\u00fcrecinin belgelere ve sa\u011flam bir analize dayal\u0131 aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren <em>Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131<\/em>, bu sayede s\u00fcrecin olduk\u00e7a kapsaml\u0131 bir kavran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bu ise \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc ve adil bir d\u00fcnya aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in paha bi\u00e7ilmez bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ba\u011flamda Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n eseri, bizleri sadece d\u00fcne ili\u015fkin kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bilgilendirmekle kalm\u0131yor, bug\u00fcne ve yar\u0131na ili\u015fkin perspektifimizi de ciddi anlamda etkileyecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bu niteli\u011fiyle onun, pek \u00e7ok akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 da k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan ve etkileyen bir i\u015flev g\u00f6rece\u011fini umuyorum\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n, <em>Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131 \u2013Turan Hayalinden Sevr\u2019e-<\/em>, K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 598 s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haldun Karyol Bu de\u011ferlendirmeyi kaleme al\u0131rken, ayd\u0131nlanma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kamuoyuna takdim edilme a\u015famas\u0131na gelmi\u015f bir eseri tan\u0131tmak istiyorum. Bu vesileyle T\u00fcrk toplumunun sorunlu h\u00e2kimiyet hayalleri ve militarizm hakk\u0131nda birka\u00e7 s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylemek gere\u011fi de zorunlu oluyor. Erdo\u011fan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n son kitab\u0131 Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son Sava\u015f\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u0130TC (\u0130ttihat Terakki Cemiyeti) h\u00fck\u00fcmeti eliyle 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 mezbahas\u0131na kurbanl\u0131k koyun [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":43221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[136,38,511],"tags":[6429,210,1612,578],"class_list":["post-43220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-99-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-erdogan-aydin","tag-kitap","tag-osmanli","tag-savas"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43220\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}