Biliminsanlar\u0131, baz\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine ve habitatlar\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131ma varan tahribatlara nas\u0131l adapte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda baz\u0131 ku\u015flar\u0131n neden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131p, daha gen\u00e7 \u00f6ld\u00fcklerinin tahmin edilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bulgulara ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Sheffield \u00dcniversitesi’nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, baz\u0131 ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fiminin neden di\u011ferlerinden daha uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de incelendi. Nature Communications<\/em> portal\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klarken ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7evreyi, t\u00fcrlerin evrimsel tarihi ile bireylerin beden b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ele alan ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rma oldu. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, v\u00fccut b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, g\u00fcvenlik, ebeveynlik gibi durumlar bir ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bireylerinin olgunla\u015fmas\u0131nda etkilidir; biliminsanlar\u0131 bu \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi anlamak i\u00e7in binlerce ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerinde incelemelerde bulundu.<\/p>\n Organizmalar\u0131n tamam\u0131 \u00fcreme ve hayatta kalma aras\u0131nda kurulan farkl\u0131 bir dengeye sahiptir. Birini se\u00e7ip, di\u011ferinden vazge\u00e7mek \u00fczerine kurulu bu denge i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinde farkl\u0131 uyum stratejileri vard\u0131r. \u201cH\u0131zl\u0131 ya\u015fa, gen\u00e7 \u00f6l\u201d stratejisine sahip ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fimini h\u0131zland\u0131ran ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, t\u00fcrlerin k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fcretebilecekleri yavru say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst seviyeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc Dr. Chris Cooney, \u201cD\u00f6llenmi\u015f bir yumurtan\u0131n bir yeti\u015fkine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre hayvanlar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir filin yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe ula\u015fmas\u0131 neredeyse 10 y\u0131l al\u0131rken, bir meyve sine\u011fi birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde tamamen b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Bu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ku\u015f t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131nda da g\u00f6zlenir. Albatroslar\u0131n yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe ula\u015fma s\u00fcresi bir y\u0131l al\u0131rken, \u0130ngiliz bah\u00e7e \u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fcku\u015fu i\u00e7in bu s\u00fcre bir aydan biraz daha uzundur. Bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn bireylerinin geli\u015fiminin ne kadar s\u00fcrede ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini anlamada ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n ve ortam\u0131n belirli y\u00f6nlerinin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131, daha az y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu daha g\u00fcvenli ortamlarda ya\u015fayan ve \u00fcreyen ku\u015flar\u0131n, daha uzun s\u00fcrede geli\u015ftiklerini g\u00f6sterdi. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar\u0131n geli\u015fiminin \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ke\u015ffedildi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, beklendi\u011fi gibi, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131daki ku\u015flar\u0131n geli\u015fmelerinin daha uzun s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koydu. Fakat benzer b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe sahip ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin geli\u015fim s\u00fcreleri aras\u0131nda bile de\u011fi\u015fiklikler vard\u0131.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan Dr. Nicola Hemmings, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ko\u015fullar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde organizmalar\u0131n nas\u0131l tepki verece\u011fini anlamada ve \u00f6ng\u00f6rmede etkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n