{"id":44187,"date":"2011-11-01T23:05:42","date_gmt":"2011-11-01T21:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=44187"},"modified":"2020-05-17T23:12:58","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T20:12:58","slug":"2011-nobel-kimya-odulu-imkansiz-olarak-dusunulen-ve-kati-materyal-tanimini-degistiren-quasicrystals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/11\/01\/2011-nobel-kimya-odulu-imkansiz-olarak-dusunulen-ve-kati-materyal-tanimini-degistiren-quasicrystals","title":{"rendered":"2011 Nobel Kimya \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc \u0130mk\u00e2ns\u0131z olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve kat\u0131 materyal tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren \u2018quasicrystals\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Haz\u0131rlayan: Nazl\u0131 Kocaefe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi, 2011 Kimya Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130srail Teknoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden Daniel Shechtman\u2019a verilmesine karar verdi. Shechtman bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc, eskiden imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen \u2018quasicrystals\u2019\u0131n (kristalimsi- yar\u0131 kristal) ke\u015ffi, yani atomlar\u0131n tekrar etmeyen d\u00fczenli motifiyle ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Shecthman; \u201cQuasicrystals\u2019de biz atomik boyutta olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici mozaiklerini bulduk. \u00d6yle ki, bunlar kendini asla tekrar etmeyen d\u00fczenli motiflerden olu\u015fuyor.\u201d diyor. Quasicrystals yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesine ra\u011fmen, Daniel Shechtman mevcut bilgilere kar\u015f\u0131 ac\u0131mas\u0131zca sava\u015ft\u0131. Kimya dal\u0131ndaki 2011 Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, kimyac\u0131lar\u0131n kat\u0131 materyal tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 temelden de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir ilerlemeye verilmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>8 Nisan 1982 sabah\u0131, Daniel Shechtman\u2019\u0131n elektron mikroskobunda do\u011fa kanunlar\u0131ndan bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc belirdi. B\u00fct\u00fcn kat\u0131 maddelerde atomlar\u0131n; kendini periyodik olarak tekrarlayan simetrik motifteki kristallerde paketlenmi\u015f olarak bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bilim insanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu tekrarlamalar kristal yap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekliydi.<\/p>\n<p>Shechtman\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnde de atomlar\u0131n kristalleri i\u00e7inde paketlendi\u011fi ancak tekrarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00d6rnek bir motifin sadece alt\u0131genlerden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir futbol topu gibi imk\u00e2ns\u0131z bir yap\u0131da oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. (Not: bu k\u00fcre bi\u00e7imindeki yap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in be\u015fgen ve alt\u0131genlere ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r). Shechtman\u2019\u0131n bu bulu\u015fu bir\u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 savundu\u011funda, ara\u015ft\u0131rma grubundan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 istendi. Ancak o, maddenin do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n alg\u0131lan\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7iminin tekrar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sonuna kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130spanya\u2019daki Alhambra Palace ve \u0130ran\u2019daki Darb-i Imam Shrine\u2019da bulunan orta\u00e7a\u011f \u0130slami mozaikleri, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n atomik d\u00fczeydeki quasicrystals\u2019lerin neye benzediklerini anlamas\u0131nda katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu mozaikler de ayn\u0131 quasicrystals\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fczenli bir motif yap\u0131s\u0131nda ve matematik kurallar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve asla kendilerini tekrarlamazlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131 Shechtman\u2019\u0131n quasicrystals\u2019lerini a\u00e7\u0131klarken, matematik ve sanattan gelen genel bir kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar: Alt\u0131n Oran. Quasicrystals\u2019lerde, atomlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitli uzakl\u0131klar\u0131n oranlar\u0131 Alt\u0131n Oranla ilgilidir.<\/p>\n<p>Shechtman\u2019\u0131n bu ke\u015ffinden sonra bilim insanlar\u0131 laboratuvarlar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerdeki quasicrystals\u2019leri \u00fcrettiler. Rusya\u2019daki nehirlerden ald\u0131klar\u0131 mineral \u00f6rneklerinde do\u011fal olarak olu\u015fan quasicrystals\u2019ler ke\u015ffedildi. Bunun yan\u0131nda bir \u0130sve\u00e7 \u015firketi quasicrystals yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 metalin kat\u0131 halinde buldu, bu yap\u0131lar materyali z\u0131rh gibi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi. Bilim insanlar\u0131 \u015fu anda tava, dizel motor gibi \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 materyallerde quasicrystals\u2019leri kullanarak deneyler yapmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak<\/strong>: 18.10.2011 tarihinde http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2011\/10\/111005080232.htm adresinden derlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haz\u0131rlayan: Nazl\u0131 Kocaefe \u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi, 2011 Kimya Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130srail Teknoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden Daniel Shechtman\u2019a verilmesine karar verdi. Shechtman bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc, eskiden imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen \u2018quasicrystals\u2019\u0131n (kristalimsi- yar\u0131 kristal) ke\u015ffi, yani atomlar\u0131n tekrar etmeyen d\u00fczenli motifiyle ald\u0131. Shecthman; \u201cQuasicrystals\u2019de biz atomik boyutta olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici mozaiklerini bulduk. \u00d6yle ki, bunlar kendini asla tekrar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":44188,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,38,22],"tags":[6672,6677,6678,4163],"class_list":["post-44187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-93-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kimya","tag-6672","tag-daniel-shechtman","tag-kati-materyal","tag-nobel-kimya-odulu"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/429"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44187\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}