{"id":44190,"date":"2011-11-01T23:13:40","date_gmt":"2011-11-01T21:13:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=44190"},"modified":"2020-05-17T23:36:56","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T20:36:56","slug":"bakire-dogumlarin-ardindaki-gizem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2011\/11\/01\/bakire-dogumlarin-ardindaki-gizem","title":{"rendered":"Bakire do\u011fumlar\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki gizem"},"content":{"rendered":"

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, bir \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan\u0131n (do\u011fu elmas s\u0131rtl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan) \u00e7iftle\u015fmeden 5 y\u0131l sonra do\u011fum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiriliyor. Bu s\u00fcre, hayvanlar aleminde b\u00f6cekler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bilinen en uzun sperm depolama s\u00fcresi olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk defa bir bak\u0131r kafal\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan\u0131n \u201cbakire do\u011fum\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi de ortaya konuldu. Hi\u00e7 \u00e7iftle\u015fmeyen di\u015fi y\u0131lan, y\u0131lanlar\u0131n da di\u011fer baz\u0131 hayvanlar gibi ger\u00e7ek bakire do\u011fumu (babas\u0131z) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebildi\u011fini ya da \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca sperm depolayabildiklerini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Makalenin yazarlar\u0131ndan Warren Booth: \u201cBu sonu\u00e7larla, \u00e7eneli omurgal\u0131lar\u0131n memeliler d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek anlamda e\u015fsiz bakire do\u011fumu (partenogenez-e\u015feysiz \u00fcreme) g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015f oldu. Son zamanlarda boa y\u0131lan\u0131, g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 boa y\u0131lan\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00f6pekbal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve evcil hindi t\u00fcrlerinde e\u015feysiz \u00fcremenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6steren genetik kan\u0131tlar g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llard\u0131r Kuzey Karolina Akvaryumu\u2019nda (ABD) tek ba\u015f\u0131na bulunan di\u015fi bak\u0131r kafal\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131landan al\u0131nan DNA \u00f6rneklerini inceleyen Booth, DNA parmak izi (fingerprinting) y\u00f6ntemi ile normal g\u00f6r\u00fcnen 4 yavrunun do\u011fumunda bir erke\u011fin (baba) pay\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada ilk olarak bahsedilen do\u011fu elmas s\u0131rtl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fum ise daha dramatik. Tek seferde 10 di\u015fi ve 9 erkek, toplam 19 yavru do\u011furuyor. DNA analizi 19 yavrunun da babas\u0131 oldu\u011funu do\u011fruluyor.<\/p>\n

Booth: \u201cBu y\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken yakaland\u0131. Yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cinsel olarak eri\u015fkin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Do\u011fum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamana kadar da erkek y\u0131lanlardan ayr\u0131 tutuldu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, y\u0131lan\u0131n yakalanmadan \u00f6nce do\u011fada cinsel a\u00e7\u0131dan eri\u015fkin olmadan \u00f6nce \u00e7iftle\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Ekip, y\u0131landa bulunan bir i\u00e7 t\u00fcp (boru, kanal) sayesinde ya da uterusun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fckebilme yetene\u011fi sayesinde spermin 5 y\u0131l boyunca depolanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bal\u0131k, ku\u015f, amfibi, b\u00f6cek ve baz\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcngenlerin de uzun zaman boyunca sperm depolayabildikleri biliniyordu.<\/p>\n

Memeliler ise bu a\u00e7\u0131dan daha az ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak son zamanlarda Asya B\u00fcy\u00fck Sar\u0131 Ev Yarasas\u0131\u00a0\u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn di\u015filerinin aylar boyunca sperm depolayabildiklerini g\u00f6steriyor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k insanlarda kad\u0131nlar sadece saatler ya da birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca sperm depolayabilirler.<\/p>\n

Belirli baz\u0131 genlerin babadan, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ise anneden gelmesi gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in kad\u0131nlar ger\u00e7ek anlamda bakire do\u011fum yapmaya elveri\u015fli de\u011filler. Ancak laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar memeliler i\u00e7in var olan bu gereklili\u011fin \u00e7evresinden dola\u015farak partogenik fare \u00fcretmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

S\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 her iki do\u011fum tipi de, ger\u00e7ek bakire do\u011fum ve uzun d\u00f6nem sperm depolama, avantaj ve dezavantajlara sahiptir. \u00a0Spermin depolanmas\u0131, di\u015finin iklimsel ve di\u011fer zorluklarla m\u00fccadele edebilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bakire do\u011fum genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe zarar verecektir ve sadece erkek ya da sadece di\u015fi yavrular verecektir. Di\u011fer yandan, bireylerin \u00e7evreye uyumunu zorla\u015ft\u0131ran mutasyonlar\u0131 da elemeye yarayacakt\u0131r. Londra Zooloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde \u00fcreme biyolojisi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Prof. William Holt \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cBu analiz olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli. Y\u0131lanlarda uzun d\u00f6nem sperm depolanmas\u0131 ile ilgili daha \u00f6nceden yay\u0131nlanan baz\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n asl\u0131nda partenogenez sonucu olu\u015ftu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler i\u00e7ten \u00e7iftle\u015fmeyi (ayn\u0131 birey-soy-akraba \u00e7iftle\u015fmesi) kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak \u00fcreme mekanizmalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir. Bu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z klonlama teknolojisine benziyor. Bu y\u00fczden genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin artmas\u0131 ile \u00e7evreye uyumun da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn aksine bir durum ortaya koyuyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmadaki bir sonraki a\u015faman\u0131n ise detayl\u0131 ve sa\u011flam genetik analizler yoluyla ger\u00e7ek anlamda bakire do\u011fumlarla, sperm depolama yoluyla yap\u0131lan do\u011fumlar\u0131n net olarak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131ndaki olas\u0131 geli\u015fmeler ve sperm depolama kabiliyetimizi artt\u0131rmas\u0131yla insan i\u00e7in de \u00e7ok yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> 18.10.2011 tarihinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sayfadan derlenmi\u015ftir. \u201cMYSTERY BEHIND VIRGIN BIRTHS EXPLAINED\u201d http:\/\/news.discovery.com\/animals\/virgin-births-snakes-111014.html<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, bir \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan\u0131n (do\u011fu elmas s\u0131rtl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan) \u00e7iftle\u015fmeden 5 y\u0131l sonra do\u011fum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiriliyor. Bu s\u00fcre, hayvanlar aleminde b\u00f6cekler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bilinen en uzun sperm depolama s\u00fcresi olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk defa bir bak\u0131r kafal\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rakl\u0131 y\u0131lan\u0131n \u201cbakire do\u011fum\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi de ortaya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":293,"featured_media":44191,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,38,1],"tags":[5634,6679,6680,6682,272,6681,3188],"class_list":["post-44190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-93-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-genel","tag-analiz","tag-bakire-dogumlar","tag-cingirakli-yilan","tag-depolanma","tag-dna","tag-partenogenez","tag-sperm"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/293"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44190"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44190\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}