Prof. \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr i\u00e7in 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cEkonomi Politik: Zarif Mezar Ta\u015flar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 bir arma\u011fan kitap yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kitaba bir sunu\u015f yazan Prof. Korkut Boratav, meslekta\u015f\u0131 \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetmi\u015fti:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr\u2019\u00fc nas\u0131l bilirsin?\u201d \u0130kimizi de tan\u0131mayan bir \u201cm\u00fcstantik\u201d taraf\u0131ndan sorulsayd\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle yan\u0131tlard\u0131m: \u00d6nce \u00f6\u011frencim, sonra karde\u015fim, meslekta\u015f\u0131m, yak\u0131n dostum olarak elli y\u0131ld\u0131r tan\u0131r\u0131m. M\u00fcmtaz, devrimci bir ayd\u0131n, ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir \u00f6\u011fretmen ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Marksist politik iktisad\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen temsilcilerinden biridir\u2026![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/0001756243001-1-200x300.jpg\")
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Bu \u00f6zelliklerinden t\u00fcm\u00fcne bu sunu\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011finemem. Bana s\u00f6z verdi\u011fi ve kaleme almakta oldu\u011fu an\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, imk\u00e2n bulursam, ben de, \u201c\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr\u2019le Y\u0131llar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan, \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131, ki\u015fisel bir yaz\u0131y\u0131 kaleme al\u0131r\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Burada, yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fim \u00f6zelliklerinden sadece birisi, \u0130ktisat\u00e7\u0131 \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr \u00fczerinde duraca\u011f\u0131m ve baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnek alaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\u0130ktisat\u00e7\u0131 \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, meslek hayat\u0131 boyunca iki alanda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131: \u0130ktisad\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler tarihi ve iktisat tarihi\u2026 Bunlar, \u00f6zellikle Anglo\u2010Sakson ana\u2010ak\u0131m iktisat e\u011fitiminde ve yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda giderek marjinalle\u015fen iki aland\u0131r. Bat\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerinin pek \u00e7o\u011funda iktisat \u00f6\u011frencileri, \u0130\u015faya\u2019n\u0131n iktisat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurmu\u015f olan iktisad\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler tarihi ve iktisat tarihi derslerini g\u00f6rmeden; hatta bunlar\u0131 se\u00e7ebilmek imk\u00e2n\u0131ndan dahi yoksun olarak lisans diplomalar\u0131n\u0131 alabilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Burjuva iktisad\u0131 i\u00e7in, eski iktisat doktrinlerinin g\u00fcncel i\u015flevleri son bulmu\u015ftur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f iktisat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, economics diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan yerle\u015fik iktisad\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclleridir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ana\u2010ak\u0131m\u0131 temsil eden neoklasik sentez, iktisat disiplininin \u201cson s\u00f6z\u00fc\u201d anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcn bi\u00e7imleriyle bu \u00f6nc\u00fcller dahi \u00f6nemlerini yitirmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc senteze ayk\u0131r\u0131, uyumsuz \u201ceski, \u00f6l\u00fc, yanl\u0131\u015f doktrinler\u201d ise, kimsenin u\u011framad\u0131\u011f\u0131, uzak durulmas\u0131 ehven olan \u201cmezarl\u0131klar\u201d gibidir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr ise, ge\u00e7mi\u015f doktrinlerin yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cmezarl\u0131klar\u201d i\u00e7in \u201czarif\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yor. Onlara bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fer veriyor: \u201cAralar\u0131nda ge\u00e7itler mevcuttur\u2026 [Baz\u0131lar\u0131nda] de\u011ferli hazineler bar\u0131nmaktad\u0131r\u2026 [Bunlar\u0131] te\u015fhis etmek; baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 parlat\u0131p \u00f6n s\u0131ralara yerle\u015ftirmek; sahih m\u00fccevherlerle sahtesini ay\u0131rabilmek\u2026 mezarl\u0131klar bek\u00e7isinin i\u015fidir.\u201d (\u201cEkonomi Politik: Zarif Mezar Ta\u015flar\u0131\u201d)<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, i\u015fte, bu anlamdaki \u201cmezar bek\u00e7ili\u011fini\u201d \u00fcstlenen bir iktisat\u00e7\u0131 oldu. \u201cSahte ve sahih\u201d m\u00fccevherleri ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 g\u00f6rev bildi. Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fayan, d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru kavranmas\u0131nda veya yanl\u0131\u015f alg\u0131lanmas\u0131nda rol oynayan iktisat ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran \u00f6zellikleri belirtti; atalar\u0131n\u0131n hangi mezarlarda yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u201cEvl\u00e2d\u0131\u201d tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in \u201catalar\u0131\u201d bilmemiz gerekti\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretti.![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/2-21-226x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin bu sayede baz\u0131 ele\u015ftirel iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n dahi g\u00f6rmezlikten geldi\u011fi (ve bence bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in de \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan) neoklasik ve Avusturya okullar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
Kavramsal \u00f6zensizli\u011fin yanl\u0131\u015f iktisat \u00f6\u011fretimine yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin parlak bir \u00f6rnek arayanlara, \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn, \u201cBaz\u0131 Ders Kitaplar\u0131nda Yer Alan \u0130sabetsiz Bir Kavramla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00dczerine Te\u015frih\u00ee Bir Not\u201d makalesini tavsiye ederim. Neoklasik doktrinin iktisat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda stratejik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan istek (arzu) kavram\u0131 yerine ihtiya\u00e7 terimini kullanan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den \u00e7ok say\u0131da neoklasik meslekta\u015f\u0131na kibarca \u201c\u015ferh\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Anlayanlar i\u00e7in asl\u0131nda bir uyar\u0131d\u0131r: Neoklasik doktrini, bu terminolojiyle anlatamazs\u0131n\u0131z; bu yanl\u0131\u015f doktrinin dahi hakk\u0131n\u0131 veremezsiniz\u2026 Meram\u0131 budur; ama \u0130\u015faya, \u201czarif\u201d bir mezar bek\u00e7isi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, \u00f6zg\u00fcn kaynaklara referans vererek hatay\u0131 g\u00f6stermekle yetiniyor. Bu \u201czerafet\u201d nedeniyle de muhataplar\u0131 bu kritik ele\u015ftiriyi suskunlukla \u00f6rt\u2010bas ediyorlar.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr i\u00e7in politik iktisat kuramlar\u0131 ile iktisat tarihi aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ili\u015fkiler vard\u0131r. Elbette iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ortam ve tarih taraf\u0131ndan etkilenirler; \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr de \u201cmezarta\u015flar\u0131\u201dn\u0131 incelerken bu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak, daha da \u00f6nemlisi, tarih \u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6tesine giden analizlerde, iktisat kuram\u0131n\u0131n bir \u201cg\u00f6zl\u00fck\u201d olarak oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rold\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u015f\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn iki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6rnektir. Birincisi Maurice Dobb\u2019un Kapitalizmin Geli\u015fimi \u00dczerine \u0130ncelemeler kitab\u0131nda yer alan \u201ctakdim\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r: \u201cGe\u00e7i\u015f Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131: Bir Takdim\u201d. Di\u011feri ise bir makale: \u201cBurjuva Devrimleri Ba\u011flam\u0131nda Onyedinci Y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0130ngiliz Devrimi\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, art\u0131\u2010de\u011fer kuram\u0131n\u0131n, kapitalizme ge\u00e7i\u015fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyen tarih \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan kritik i\u015flevini ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Marksist iktisat tarih\u00e7ileri, Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n sonunu, (sistematik de olsa) betimlemenin \u00f6tesine gitmeyi ve bir yeni toplumsal sistem olarak kapitalizme ge\u00e7i\u015f sorunsal\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeyi \u00fcstlenmi\u015flerdir: Kapitalizme ge\u00e7i\u015fi belirleyen veya tan\u0131mlayan etken nedir? Bu soruyu ticaret veya \u00fcstyap\u0131 alanlar\u0131na bakarak yan\u0131tlayanlar, betimleyici olgular\u0131n kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde kaybolurlar. \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr ise \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda Marksist kuram\u0131n temel \u00f6nermesini izlemeyi ye\u011fliyor; \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerden hareket ediyor; bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde yer alan s\u0131n\u0131f kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n, m\u00fccadelelerinin belirleyici rol\u00fcn\u00fc vurguluyor. B\u00f6ylece de, inceledi\u011fi yaz\u0131nda, geleneksel Marksist tezleri savunan iktisat\u00e7\u0131larla ayn\u0131 safta yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 toplum d\u00fczeni, sanayi devrimi, sanayile\u015fme bi\u00e7imleri ve t\u00fcrleri \u00fczerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da ana hatlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 izlemi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015faya, az yay\u0131n yapt\u0131; bu y\u00fczden bilimsel birikiminin, parlak, analitik zekas\u0131n\u0131n pek az\u0131n\u0131 okurlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Ondan daima daha fazla yazmas\u0131n\u0131, yay\u0131mlamas\u0131n\u0131 istedim. Gayet iyi biliyorum ki, \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fe tutkunlu\u011fu onu k\u0131s\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi telafi zaman\u0131 geldi. \u0130ktisad\u00ee D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Tarihi ders notlar\u0131 kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak i\u00e7in \u0130\u015faya\u2019y\u0131 beklemektedir. Bu notlar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in defalarca \u0131srar ettim; burada yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak tekrarl\u0131yorum. Bu kitap, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin iktisat \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduracakt\u0131r. Politik iktisad\u0131n bir bilgesi olan \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, bu g\u00f6rev i\u00e7in ideal adayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Elli y\u0131ll\u0131k yak\u0131n dostum, meslekta\u015f\u0131m \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr\u2019e uzun, verimli, mutlu emeklilik y\u0131llar\u0131 dilerim.<\/p>\n Kaynak:<\/strong> Ekonomi Politik: Zarif Mezar Ta\u015flar\u0131, Der.Mesut Sert – Ahmet Arif Eren, Mart 2018, s.7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bug\u00fcn M\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi’nden yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama ile Prof. Dr. \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr’\u00fcn Ankara’da ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi bildirildi. \u0130ktisat e\u011fitimini tamamlayan \u0130\u015faya \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, \u00fcniversiteyi bitirdikten sonra bu alandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrerek \u0130ktisat Tarihi ana bilim dal\u0131nda profes\u00f6r \u00fcnvan\u0131yla dersler verdi. Gazi \u00dcniversitesi \u0130ktisadi ve \u0130dari Bilimler Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten \u00dc\u015f\u00fcr, Praksis Dergisi Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu \u00fcyesi, T\u00fcrk Sosyal Bilimler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":44259,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[483,6700,433,6701],"class_list":["post-44258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-iktisat","tag-isaya-usur","tag-kapitalizm","tag-korkut-boratav"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/6-8-201x300.jpg\")