{"id":46379,"date":"2020-09-08T12:59:10","date_gmt":"2020-09-08T09:59:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=46379"},"modified":"2020-09-08T12:59:10","modified_gmt":"2020-09-08T09:59:10","slug":"memelilerde-kok-hucre-evrimine-odaklanan-calisma-kanser-arastirmalarina-yeni-veriler-sagliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/09\/08\/memelilerde-kok-hucre-evrimine-odaklanan-calisma-kanser-arastirmalarina-yeni-veriler-sagliyor","title":{"rendered":"Memelilerde k\u00f6k h\u00fccre evrimine odaklanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, kanser ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na yeni veriler sa\u011fl\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kyoto \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131 memelilerde pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreleri (canl\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f t\u00fcm h\u00fccre tiplerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilme yetene\u011finde olan, hen\u00fcz farkl\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f h\u00fccreler) d\u00fczenleyen genlerin 48 farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr aras\u0131nda benzerlik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini raporlad\u0131. Biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 <em>Genome Biology and Evolution<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ayn\u0131 zamanda, memeli pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelerinin belirli \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreler kendilerini yenileyebilir ve -istisnalar olmakla birlikte- v\u00fccuttaki di\u011fer h\u00fccrelerden herhangi birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Bu t\u00fcr h\u00fccreler d\u00fczenleyici genler ve molek\u00fcller a\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilir. Ancak memelilerde bu a\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az bilgiye sahibiz. Bu noktadan hareketle konuya e\u011filen Kyoto \u00dcniversitesi Entegre H\u00fccre Malzemesi Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc&#8217;nden Ken-ichiro Kamei, Yaban Hayat\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi&#8217;nden Miho Murayama ve Yoshinori Endo, 48 memeli t\u00fcr\u00fcnde pluripotent \u00f6zellikte etkili olan gen d\u00fczenleme mekanizmas\u0131na ait 134 gen seti verilerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bu d\u00fczenleyici a\u011f\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya d\u00e2hil edilen t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek oranda korundu\u011fu, yani genetik dizilerinin evrim s\u00fcreci boyunca nispeten de\u011fi\u015fmeden kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu genetik dizilerin y\u00fcksek dereceli korunmalar\u0131, insan genetik dizilerinin di\u011fer memeli h\u00fccrelerini pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yeniden programlama yapmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenini de a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. D\u00fczenleyici a\u011flar\u0131n 48 t\u00fcr aras\u0131nda benzer oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lsa da, farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tam bilinmiyor. Nesli tehlike alt\u0131ndaki t\u00fcrler de dahil olmak \u00fczere memeli h\u00fccrelerinden ind\u00fcklenmi\u015f pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelerin (iPS) t\u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in tekniklerin geli\u015ftirilmesi, korunma mekanizmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara b\u00fcy\u00fck bir destek sa\u011flayabilir. Biliminsanlar\u0131 konunun bu yan\u0131na da dokunan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara da ba\u015flad\u0131. Kamei, &#8220;Nesli tehlikede olan Grevy zebras\u0131 ve \u015fi\u015fe burunlu yunus (Tursiops) gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli memeli t\u00fcrlerinden ind\u00fcklenmi\u015f pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreler elde etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz&#8221; a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n<p>Memeli pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelerindeki gen d\u00fczenleyici a\u011flar aras\u0131ndaki farklar adaptasyonlarla da ili\u015fkilendirilebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7\u0131plak k\u00f6r farede, uzun \u00f6mr\u00fc ve kanser direncini olu\u015fturmada rol oynayabilecek d\u00fczenleyici genler i\u00e7in pozitif se\u00e7ilim oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu genler, yeralt\u0131nda gezinmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan son derece hassas k\u0131llar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde de rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca, Mink balinas\u0131, u\u00e7an tilki olarak bilinen bir yarasa t\u00fcr\u00fc ve Afrika fili gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131l\u0131 hayvanlarda da benzer bir pozitif se\u00e7ilim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu noktada \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n odakland\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6rneklerdeki genler, di\u011fer memelilerde kanser ile ili\u015fkilidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131l\u0131 hayvanlarda ise kansere -nispeten- diren\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu genlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck yap\u0131l\u0131 hayvanlarda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin bir \u015fekilde baz\u0131 gen i\u015flevlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve b\u00f6ylece bu gruptaki hayvanlara bir dereceye kadar kanser direnci sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, pluripotentlikte etkili olan gen d\u00fczenleyici a\u011flar\u0131 taksonlar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan biri. Memelilerde k\u00f6k h\u00fccre evrimine odaklanarak ba\u015flanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, kanser ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na yeni veriler sa\u011flayan bir noktaya ilerlemi\u015f durumda. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar s\u00f6z konusu genler \u00fczerindeki yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n molek\u00fcler d\u00fczeyde yeni veriler sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-09-insight-mammalian-stem-cell-evolution.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kyoto \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131 memelilerde pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreleri (canl\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f t\u00fcm h\u00fccre tiplerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilme yetene\u011finde olan, hen\u00fcz farkl\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f h\u00fccreler) d\u00fczenleyen genlerin 48 farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr aras\u0131nda benzerlik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini raporlad\u0131. Biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Genome Biology and Evolution dergisinde yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ayn\u0131 zamanda, memeli pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccrelerinin belirli \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir. Pluripotent k\u00f6k h\u00fccreler kendilerini yenileyebilir ve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":46380,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[431,444,424,5344],"class_list":["post-46379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-gen","tag-kanser","tag-kok-hucre","tag-memeli"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1390"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46379"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46379\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}