{"id":47965,"date":"2021-01-04T11:22:08","date_gmt":"2021-01-04T08:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=47965"},"modified":"2021-01-04T11:22:39","modified_gmt":"2021-01-04T08:22:39","slug":"27-aralik-2020-sivrice-depremi-hazar-golunun-gelisiminin-surdugunu-gosteriyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2021\/01\/04\/27-aralik-2020-sivrice-depremi-hazar-golunun-gelisiminin-surdugunu-gosteriyor","title":{"rendered":"27 Aral\u0131k 2020 Sivrice depremi Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn geli\u015fiminin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

27 Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019de Hazar (Sivrice) G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hemen kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5.5 olan depremi inceleyince bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazmaya karar verdim. Ne ilgisi var dedi\u011finizi hissediyorum. Biz meslekte bu g\u00f6l\u00fc \u2018fay g\u00f6l\u00fc (sag pond) olarak tan\u0131mlar\u0131z. O nedenle ilgisi var. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da size bu ilgiyi fazla teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya girmeden a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7 faylar ve depremler<\/strong>
\nGen\u00e7 (aktif, diri) fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme hareketi birbirinden farkl\u0131 tektonik* olgular yarat\u0131r. Gen\u00e7 fay bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgedeki yerkabu\u011funun yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki fiziksel farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ve fay\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne (do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131, normal ve ters fayla) ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcr ve d\u00fczeylerde gerilimler (stres) ve hareketler olu\u015fturur. \u00d6rne\u011fin ana gen\u00e7 faylar \u00e7evresinde sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u0131r\u0131klar, sapm\u0131\u015f dere yataklar\u0131, s\u0131rtlar, fay vadileri, birikinti konileri, heyelanlar, fay g\u00f6lleri, su kaynaklar\u0131 ve kesintiye u\u011fram\u0131\u015f tortul k\u00fctleler vb. gibi bir\u00e7ok jeolojik olgular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Gen\u00e7 fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 \u00e7evresine deprem kay\u0131t\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 yerle\u015ftirip kay\u0131t yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck deprem g\u00f6zlemleyebiliriz. Deprem ar\u015fivlerinde bu fayla ilgili ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llara ait hasar yap\u0131c\u0131 deprem kay\u0131tlar\u0131na rastlayabiliriz. Gen\u00e7 fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 boyunca mevcut yerle\u015fimlerde ve arkeolojik buluntularda eski depremlerin hasar izlerini g\u00f6rebiliriz. Anadolu\u2019da uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren ve halen s\u00fcrmekte olan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda 500\u2019e yak\u0131n say\u0131da gen\u00e7, diri faylar bulunmu\u015f ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak haritalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Faylar ve fay g\u00f6lleri<\/strong>
\nAnadolu\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da fay g\u00f6lleri olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Kuzey Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki Manyas, \u0130znik, Sapanca, Abant g\u00f6lleri, bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019daki g\u00f6ller b\u00f6lgesindeki Burdur G\u00f6l\u00fc ve di\u011fer g\u00f6llerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay\u0131 \u00fczerindeki G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131, Azapl\u0131 ve Hazar g\u00f6lleri, faylar\u0131n hareketi s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc havzalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f \u00f6rneklerdir. Faylar\u0131n yerle\u015fimine, fay ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fine ve hareket t\u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fan \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc havzalar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6llerin bi\u00e7imleri de farkl\u0131 olabilmektedir. Fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde sahada sa\u011fl\u0131-sollu s\u0131\u00e7rama, dallanma veya b\u00fck\u00fclme (b\u00fckl\u00fcm) \u015fekillerine g\u00f6re ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tektonik yap\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla co\u011frafik yap\u0131 da farkl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ekme, geni\u015fleme gerilimi bask\u0131n olan yerlerde \u00e7ukurlar, havzalar ve g\u00f6ller olu\u015furken, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma gerilmesi olan yerlerde s\u0131rtlar, k\u0131vr\u0131mlar ve y\u00fckseltiler olu\u015fur (\u015eekil 1). Do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 faylar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu havza ve g\u00f6llerin olu\u015fum mekanizmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerdi\u011fi ve tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 model vard\u0131r. Bunlar a) b\u00fck\u00fclmeli geni\u015fleme havzas\u0131 (releasing bend), b) \u00e7ek-ay\u0131r havzas\u0131 (pul-apart) ve negatif \u00e7i\u00e7ek yap\u0131s\u0131 (negative flower) modelleridir. E\u011fer bu t\u00fcr g\u00f6ller i\u00e7erisinde daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 jeofizik, jeolojik ve sismik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131l\u0131rsa tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan modelin hangisinin daha ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 1. Sol yanl\u0131 bir do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 fay ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015fan tektonik olaylar\u0131n g\u00f6sterimi. \u00d6nemli fay ku\u015faklar\u0131 \u00e7ok basit bir \u00e7izgi olarak ilerlemez. Fay boyunca s\u0131\u00e7rama, sa\u00e7\u0131lma, y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirme, b\u00fck\u00fclmeli ve \u00e7ek-ay\u0131r \u015fekilli geni\u015flemeli ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 yap\u0131lar olu\u015fur. Bu yap\u0131lar \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekler yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde de olabilir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc i\u00e7in tarihi belgeler, arkeoloji, jeoloji ve jeofizik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ne g\u00f6steriyor?<\/strong>
\n12 Milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Arap Levhas\u0131 Anadolu Levhas\u0131\u2019na \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucunda ba\u015flayan s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve Kuzey Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fmaya (2-5 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce) ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131, yedi fay par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n art arda dizilmesiyle uzunlu\u011fu 580 km\u2019ye ula\u015fan, KD-GB do\u011frultusunda Karl\u0131ova\u2019dan K\u0131r\u0131khan\u2019a kadar uzanan ve geni\u015fli\u011fi yer yer 30 km\u2019ye varan sol yanl\u0131 do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 bir ana fay ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcrmekte olan tektonik hareketler nedeniyle Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 y\u0131lda ortalama 10 mm\u2019lik sol yanl\u0131 do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 hareketle depremler yaratmakta, \u00e7evresindeki co\u011frafya ve yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u015fekillerini yava\u015f da olsa de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda o yava\u015f ama s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fimlerin fark\u0131na varmasak da en az\u0131ndan depremler bize bunu hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc, g\u00fcneyindeki 2350 m y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki Hazarbaba Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eteklerinde yerle\u015fir ve kuzeydo\u011fu-g\u00fcneybat\u0131 uzan\u0131ml\u0131 oval \u015fekilde geli\u015fen bir geni\u015fleme havzas\u0131 g\u00f6l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc ve \u00e7evresi, Roma ve Erken Orta \u00c7a\u011f d\u00f6neminde Anzitene olarak isimlendirilen bir yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgesidir. G\u00f6l Elaz\u0131\u011f\u2019a 30 km, Sivrice \u0130l\u00e7esi\u2019ne 2 km uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Eni 7 km uzunlu\u011fu 22 km, en derin noktas\u0131 ise 220 m ile Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ikinci en derin g\u00f6l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Jeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6l\u00fcn 148-178 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. G\u00f6l\u00fcn kuzeydo\u011fusunda d\u00fc\u015fey hareketin y\u0131lda 5-6 mm oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 depremlerle birlikte yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rarak ilerlerken b\u00f6lgedeki derelerin ve vadilerin yolunu kesmi\u015f, sular fay\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu geni\u015fleyen ve \u00e7\u00f6ken ovaya birikmi\u015f ve sonu\u00e7ta Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. B\u00fcy\u00fck depremlere e\u015flik eden fay hareketleri bazen daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olabilmektedir. B\u00f6ylece, g\u00f6l havzas\u0131 hem alansal olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte hem de derinle\u015fmektedir. Yerbilimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (jeoloji jeofizik, jeomorfoloji), arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve tarihi belgeler bize Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde milyonlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nce neler oldu, insanlar oralarda nas\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131 ve \u015fimdilerde neler oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan kan\u0131tlarla doludur. Bu kan\u0131tlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini artt\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgenin deprem tarihi incelendi\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 7.0 ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck depremlerin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re bunlar\u0131n sonuncusu 1874 ve 1875 de olmu\u015f ve bu deprem sonucunda g\u00f6l\u00fcn g\u00fcney kenar\u0131 4 m y\u00fckselerek Dicle nehriyle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kesilmi\u015ftir. 218 Numaral\u0131 Harput \u015eer\u2019iyye Sicilinde yer alan 31 Ocak 1834 tarihli ve G\u00f6lc\u00fck K\u00f6y\u00fc sakinlerince yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir dilek\u00e7ede, k\u00f6ylerin sularla \u00e7evrili oldu\u011fu, ovada ziraat yapacak alanlar\u0131n kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair beyanlar oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Evliya C\u0327elebi, Hazar Go\u0308lu\u0308\u2019n\u00fcn ic\u0327inde bir ada oldug\u0306unu, bu adada 300 haneli bir ko\u0308y bulundug\u0306unu ve boyac\u0131l\u0131k ve terzilikle gec\u0327indiklerini so\u0308yler. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklarda, bu adada bir kilise oldu\u011fu (Kilise Adas\u0131), go\u0308lu\u0308n etraf\u0131ndaki Habus ko\u0308yu\u0308nden ve dig\u0306er ko\u0308ylerden halk\u0131n kay\u0131klarla gelip bu aday\u0131 ziyaret ettikleri yaz\u0131l\u0131r. Frans\u0131z co\u011frafyac\u0131 Hommaire de Hell, 1854 de \u00fczerinde manast\u0131r olan bir adadan bahseder ve orada eskiden bir k\u00f6y\u00fcn oldu\u011funu fakat sular alt\u0131nda kayboldu\u011funu anlat\u0131r. Do\u011fa kendi s\u00fcreci i\u00e7erisinde de\u011fi\u015fimler yapar ama insano\u011flu da do\u011fa ve insanlar i\u00e7in olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furacak \u015fekilde m\u00fcdahale etmektedir. Bunun bir \u00f6rne\u011fi Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc i\u00e7in ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kuzey kenar\u0131na iki t\u00fcnel yap\u0131larak bir hidroelektrik santral i\u015fletilmeye al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6ldeki su seviyesi 10 m kadar d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun sonucu olarak Kilise Adas\u0131 ve daha \u00f6nce varl\u0131klar\u0131 bilinen tarihi manast\u0131r ve kale kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130T\u00dc Sanat Tarihi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan su alt\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda, Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan manast\u0131r ve kale yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n su alt\u0131nda kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri \u00fczerinde elde edilen bulgulara g\u00f6re b\u00f6lgedeki b\u00fcy\u00fck depremlerin etkileri a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya konulmu\u015ftur. Su alt\u0131ndaki sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131larak devrilmeden blok halinde yo\u0308n deg\u0306is\u0327tirmesi ve kaleyi karaya bag\u0306layan yu\u0308ksek tas\u0327 yolun ayn\u0131 s\u0327ekilde blok olarak yo\u0308n deg\u0306is\u0327tirmesinin nedeni olarak alandaki dog\u0306rultu at\u0131ml\u0131 fay hareketinin somut kan\u0131tlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130T\u00dc Jeofizik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde yap\u0131lan su alt\u0131 jeofizik ve sismik yans\u0131ma et\u00fctlerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6l taban\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel \u00e7\u00f6kelleri (tortul) kesen fay izlerini olduk\u00e7a belirgin olarak g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu faylanmalar g\u00f6l\u00fcn kuzey do\u011fusunda, en derin \u00e7ukurlukta ve g\u00f6l\u00fcn orta kesiminde, g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na yak\u0131n alanlarda g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, g\u00f6lde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 sismik et\u00fctlerde g\u00f6l do\u011frultusu boyunca birbirine paralel uzanan birden fazla fay kolu tesbit etmediklerini, g\u00f6zlemlerinin daha \u00f6nce \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen negatif \u00e7i\u00e7ek modeli ile \u00e7ek-ay\u0131r modelini desteklemedi\u011fini, g\u00f6l\u00fcn ortas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en sismik kesitlerde g\u00fcney k\u0131y\u0131ya yak\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlenen aktif fay kolu nedeniyle \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen modeller yerine b\u00fck\u00fclmeli fay modelinin (releasing bend) (\u015eekil 2) Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn olu\u015fum bi\u00e7imini daha fazla destekledi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 2. \u00dcst \u015fekil: 27 Aral\u0131k 2020 tarihinde Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kuzeybat\u0131 ucunda olan Mw5.5 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremin ana deprem (mavi daire), art\u00e7\u0131 deprem (beyaz daireler) ve fay mekanizmas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc (b) ile i\u015faretli siyah-beyaz balon). Mavi daire AFAD Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dairesi\u2019nin rapor etti\u011fi ana depremin konumunu ve sar\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve mavi kareler ise di\u011fer deprem veri merkezlerinin rapor etti\u011fi ana deprem yerini g\u00f6sterir. \u015eekildeki k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgi Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131, beyaz oklar sol yanl\u0131 do\u011frultu at\u0131ml\u0131 fay hareketini g\u00f6sterir. Art\u00e7\u0131 depremler b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2.0 ve daha fazla olan depremlere aittir. Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn b\u00fck\u00fclmeli fay hareketi (releasing bend) ile olu\u015fan havza modeli (a) ile i\u015faretlenen basit bir \u00e7izimle g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Alt \u015fekil:24 Ocak 2020\u2019de 6.8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki Sivrice-Do\u011fanyol depreminin 28 Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019ye kadar olan ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1.0 ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olan art\u00e7\u0131 deprem haritas\u0131. Sar\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131z 6.8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki ana depremi, sar\u0131 daireler b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5.0 ve daha fazla olan art\u00e7\u0131 depremleri, ye\u015fil renkli \u00e7izgiyle belirlenen alan ise \u00fcstteki \u015feklin konumunu g\u00f6sterir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu arkeolojik, jeofizik ve jeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bir zamanlar ova olan, nehirlerin akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tar\u0131m yap\u0131lan Hazar b\u00f6lgesinde Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n her depremde buradaki yerle\u015fimlere b\u00fcy\u00fck hasarlar vererek, bu verimli ovay\u0131 s\u00fcrekli \u00e7\u00f6kerterek ve nehirlerin su yollar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek g\u00f6le \u00e7evirdi\u011fini ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuna getirdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131da, Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn olu\u015fum hikayesini arkeoloji, jeofizik ve jeoloji bilimlerinin nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bulgu ve bilgilerden anl\u0131yoruz ki Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn olu\u015fumuna neden olan ve deprem etkinli\u011fi \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olan Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6l\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. 5.5 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki bu son deprem yeri, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve KG y\u00f6nl\u00fc normal faylanma mekanizmas\u0131 itibariyle 24 Ocak 2020\u2019den bu yana b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1.0 ve daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olan 5.700 art\u00e7\u0131 depremi yaratan 6.8\u2019lik Sivrice-Do\u011fanyol art\u00e7\u0131 deprem dizilimleri do\u011frultusundan ve mekanizma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 ve ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir durum g\u00f6steriyor (\u015eekil 2). 27 Aral\u0131k 2020 depremi Do\u011fu Anadolu Fay Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019na dik a\u00e7\u0131ya yak\u0131n konumda ve Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn bat\u0131 ucunda bir geni\u015fleme hareketini simgeliyor ve g\u00f6l\u00fcn b\u00fck\u00fclmeli geni\u015fleme ve derinle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin etkinli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor. Deprem, 5.5 d\u00fczeyinde b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc itibariyle de b\u00f6lgede bir s\u00fcredir biriken \u00f6nemli d\u00fczeyde bir sismik enerjiyi a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00d6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, 6.8 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki depremin P\u00fct\u00fcrge Fay\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (Sivrice-Sincik Fay\u0131 olarak da an\u0131l\u0131yor) do\u011fu ucunda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerilim birikimi, Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn s\u00fcregiden b\u00fcy\u00fcme niyetine direnemeyerek 5.5 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir depremle tetiklenerek yan\u0131t vermi\u015f. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc deprem demek, fay demek. Fay demek, hareket demek. Hareket demek, co\u011frafya demek, g\u00f6l demek, da\u011f demek, \u0131rmak demek, ya\u015fam demek. Sivrice\u2019de 5.5\u2019luk deprem olunca neden bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazmak istedi\u011fimi san\u0131r\u0131m \u015fimdi anlatabilmi\u015fimdir.<\/p>\n

* Tektonik, yer kabu\u011funu olu\u015fturan kayalar\u0131n \u015fekil ve yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine ve bu hareketleri \u00fcreten kuvvetlerin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong>
\nAks\u0131n, A., 1990. 218 Numaral\u0131 Harput \u015eer\u2019iyye Sicili H.1249-1256 (M.1833-1840), F\u0131rat \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, 14.<\/p>\n

Aksoy, E., \u0130nce\u00f6z, M., Ko\u00e7yi\u011fit, A., 2007. Lake Hazar Basin: a negative flower structure on the East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS), SE Turkey. Turkish Jorunal of Earth Sciences, V.16, 319-338.<\/p>\n

Ambraseys, N. N. 1989. Temporary seismic quiescence: SE Turkey, Geophysical Journal, 96, 311-331.<\/p>\n

\u00c7etin, H., G\u00fcneyli, H. ve Mayer, L., 2003. Palaeoseismology of the Palu Lake Hazar segment of the East Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey. Tectonophysics 374, 163\u2013197.<\/p>\n

Demirba\u011f, E., Kurt, H. ve Damc\u0131, E., 2007. Sismik yans\u0131ma y\u00f6ntemiyle Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde (Sivrice, Elaz\u0131\u011f) aktif tektonik ve arkeo-jeofizik incelemeler, T\u00fcrkiye Kuvaterner Sempozyumu VI, 16-18 May\u0131s 2007, \u0130stanbul, \u0130T\u00dc Avrasya Yerbilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Duman, T.Y. ve Emre, O., 2013. The East Anatolian Fault: geometry, segmentation and jog characteristics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 372, 495-529.<\/p>\n

Eyido\u011fan, H., 2020. https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/12\/28\/sivrice-doganyol-depreminin-artci-deprem-hikayesi\/<\/p>\n

Hempton, M.R. ve Dunne, L.A., 1984. Sedimentation in pull-apart basins: active examples in eastern Turkey. Journal of Geology, no: 92, s. 513-530.<\/p>\n

Hommaire de Hell, X., 1854. Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, exe\u0301cute en 1846, 1847 et 1848. cilt I. Paris, 433.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zkan Ayg\u00fcn, \u00c7., 2019. Elaz\u0131\u011f Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc Orta \u00c7a\u011f Bat\u0131k Yerle\u015fimi Arkeolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Akdeniz Sanat Cilt 13, 215-226.<\/p>\n

Taymaz, T., Eyido\u011fan, H. ve Jackson, J., 1991. Source parameters of large earthquakes in the East Anatolian fault Zone (Turkey). Geophys. J. Int., 106, 537\u2013550.<\/p>\n

Temelkuran, T. ve Akta\u015f, N., 1976. Evliya \u00c7elebi Seyahatnamesi-3-4. Ciltler, \u00dc\u00e7dal Ne\u015friyat, 864.<\/p>\n

Tepeu\u011fur, E. ve Yaman, M., 2007. 21 \u015eubat 2007 Sivrice (Elaz\u0131\u011f) Deprem Raporu, Rapor no: 5690-1. Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ve \u0130skan Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Afet \u0130\u015fleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Sismoloji \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Wolfgang, F., Meschede, M. ve Blakey, R. C., 2010. Plate tectonics: Continental drift and mountain building. Springer.<\/p>\n

Yi\u011fit, A., 1995. Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc sular\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalan G\u00f6lc\u00fck K\u00f6y\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bir tarihi co\u011frafya ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, 1. Hazar G\u00f6l\u00fc ve \u00c7evresi Sempozyumu, 21-25 May\u0131s 1995, Sivrice,185-187.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

27 Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019de Hazar (Sivrice) G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hemen kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5.5 olan depremi inceleyince bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazmaya karar verdim. Ne ilgisi var dedi\u011finizi hissediyorum. Biz meslekte bu g\u00f6l\u00fc \u2018fay g\u00f6l\u00fc (sag pond) olarak tan\u0131mlar\u0131z. O nedenle ilgisi var. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da size bu ilgiyi fazla teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya girmeden a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Gen\u00e7 faylar ve depremler Gen\u00e7 (aktif, diri) fay […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":233,"featured_media":45319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[691,1539,7243,7203],"class_list":["post-47965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-deprem","tag-fay","tag-hazar-golu","tag-sivrice"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/233"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47965"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47965\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}