{"id":48543,"date":"2021-02-01T00:00:49","date_gmt":"2021-01-31T21:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=48543"},"modified":"2021-02-01T00:01:49","modified_gmt":"2021-01-31T21:01:49","slug":"aklin-zoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2021\/02\/01\/aklin-zoru","title":{"rendered":"Akl\u0131n Zoru"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u0131\u011f\u0131nma, korunma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131fsal boyutlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za dikildi\u011fi zorlu bir d\u00f6nemden ge\u00e7iyoruz. Salg\u0131n\u0131n sirayet etmedi\u011fi grafik kalmad\u0131. Kayg\u0131 yeni normalimiz olma yolunda ilerliyor. Ak\u0131l Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine<\/em> bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin pe\u015fime tak\u0131lmaktan vazge\u00e7medi\u011fi bir s\u0131rada kar\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen psikoterapist ve deneme yazarlar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan Adam Phillips\u2019in bu kitab\u0131 K\u0131van\u00e7 Tanr\u0131yar taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.
\nAdam Phillips\u2019e g\u00f6re modas\u0131 bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tam olarak ge\u00e7memi\u015f, e\u015f anlaml\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok az bulunan bir tabir ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131k. \u0130lk kez on yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda doktorlar\u0131n \u201czihnen ve bedenen sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131k\u201d modern anlam\u0131n\u0131 ancak on dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131lda kazanm\u0131\u015f. Onu da delili\u011fin kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 veya panzehiri olarak\u2026 Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta metnin bu kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k \u00fczerinden ilerleyece\u011fini fikrine kap\u0131lmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn fakat yazar ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131k patikas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmadan konuyu derinle\u015ftirmeyi ba\u015far\u0131yor. Bunu kitab\u0131n \u00fcstlendi\u011fi bir misyon olarak g\u00f6rmenin ise okurun i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kitap m\u00fctevazi hacmiyle yan\u0131ltmas\u0131n, psikoloji literat\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bu kanad\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131 bir giri\u015f say\u0131labilir.
\nPhillips literat\u00fcr\u00fcn delilik \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fi \u00f6n kabul\u00fcnden yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ilginin \u00f6l\u00fc do\u011fabilece\u011fi sinyalini \u00f6ns\u00f6zde bir \u00f6rnekle veriyor. Charles Singleton isimli idam mahk\u00fbmunun infaz karar gerek\u00e7esindeki \u201cinfaz edebilmek i\u00e7in yeterince akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda\u201d ifadesinin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor. Singleton\u2019un psikoz tedavisinde \u015fiddete ba\u015fvuruldu\u011funu kabul eden devlet Singleton\u2019un \u201ccezay\u0131 ceza d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u015fey de\u011fil de bizzat ceza olarak yeterince hissedebilir oldu\u011fu, kendini bu y\u00fczden sorumlu ve su\u00e7lu hissedebildi\u011fi<\/em>\u201d fikrine ula\u015f\u0131yor. Bu noktada Singleton\u2019un h\u00fccresini ecinnilerin bast\u0131\u011f\u0131, h\u00fccre doktorlar\u0131ndan birinin kula\u011f\u0131na bir alet soktu\u011fu ve kendisinin hem Tanr\u0131 hem Y\u00fcce Divan oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131ndan da bahsetmeden ge\u00e7meyelim.
\nPhillips ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n pek pop\u00fclerle\u015femedi\u011fini fakat \u00f6nem kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hatta gelecek s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda bir ihtiyaca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcnde bulunarak kitab\u0131n\u0131n konusunu takdim ediyor. Yazar psikiyatri ve ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc konusunda 1960\u2019l\u0131, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n delili\u011fin tan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerine oldu\u011fu kadar delili\u011fe duyulan modern kayg\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. Phillips\u2019e g\u00f6re, \u201cDelilik bizim \u015fimdiye kadar oldu\u011fundan da fazla deh\u015fete kap\u0131lmam\u0131za yol a\u00e7sa da \u2013ya da belki de a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in- ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne olabilece\u011fine ya da h\u00e2l\u00e2 bizim i\u00e7in ne kadar \u00f6nemli olabilece\u011fine dair ikna edici izahat\u0131 getirmeyi ba\u015faramad\u0131k. Bu kitap, yeni bir izahat verme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir \u00e7abad\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d
\n\u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcmde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f bu kurtla ak\u0131l sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yazar, literat\u00fcrde zihinsel olarak sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam\u0131n nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir izahat olmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenini merak etmeye de\u011fer buldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130kinci k\u0131s\u0131mda ise yazar \u201cak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131k lehine kan\u0131t sunmak\u201d \u00fczere, hem delilik tabiriyle k\u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fcl hatta fazlas\u0131yla tehlikeli oldu\u011fumuza ili\u015fkin yayg\u0131n bir kan\u0131yla nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fclendi\u011fimizi, hem de mevcut delilik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fcll\u00fck anlat\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ak\u0131l sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ne anlama gelebilece\u011finin izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son k\u0131s\u0131mda ise Phillips\u2019in ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin ula\u015fabildikleriyle gelece\u011fe temas \u00e7abas\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz.
\nPhillips yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131, on sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u201cm\u00fckemmelle\u015fme kapasitesi\u201d denilen idealist, \u00fctopyac\u0131 projelerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir toplu mezarl\u0131\u011fa benzetiyor. Bug\u00fcn o mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n (yazar belli belirsiz bir kinayeyle bu mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201csiyaseten tasarlanm\u0131\u015f iyi hayatlar\u201d olarak da an\u0131yor) yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deh\u015fet verici sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n ertesinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Kimin ak\u0131ll\u0131 kimin deli oldu\u011funun belirleyicisi olarak zihin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleminin kar\u015f\u0131t siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan benzer \u015fekilde ve ortakla\u015fa kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n tesad\u00fcf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayarak \u201ckimi, neden dinlememiz gerekti\u011fini, kimin \u00e7enesinin kapat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sembolik bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenleme yollar\u0131 olarak zihin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer ara\u00e7lar taraf\u0131ndan siyasi ahlak haline gelir<\/em>\u201d diyor.
\nYirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131, zihin doktorlar\u0131n\u0131n delilik tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na uzak durdu\u011fu, ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n da \u201c\u0130yi Hayat\u201d tasar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak siyaset teorisyenlerinin insaf\u0131na terk edildi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nem olarak tarif ediyor Phillips. Bu noktadan sonra y\u00fczeysel ak\u0131ll\u0131lar, derinlik sahibi deliler gibi bir kategorile\u015ftirmeyle konuyu okur i\u00e7in berrakla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 deniyor ve ekliyor: \u201c(\u2026) ak\u0131ll\u0131l\u0131k oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015fey i\u00e7imizdekini nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za, neden m\u00fcte\u015fekkil oldu\u011fumuzu nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za bakar\u201d. Bu nedenle Ak\u0131l Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine<\/em> ak\u0131lla zoru olanlara ula\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nemsiyor. B\u00f6ylesi bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 g\u00f6ze alanlara rehberlik etmeyi de ba\u015far\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131l Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine
\n<\/strong>Adam Phillips, \u00c7ev. K\u0131van\u00e7 Tanr\u0131yar, Ayr\u0131nt\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2020, 176 s.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u0131\u011f\u0131nma, korunma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131fsal boyutlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za dikildi\u011fi zorlu bir d\u00f6nemden ge\u00e7iyoruz. Salg\u0131n\u0131n sirayet etmedi\u011fi grafik kalmad\u0131. Kayg\u0131 yeni normalimiz olma yolunda ilerliyor. Ak\u0131l Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin pe\u015fime tak\u0131lmaktan vazge\u00e7medi\u011fi bir s\u0131rada kar\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen psikoterapist ve deneme yazarlar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan Adam Phillips\u2019in bu kitab\u0131 K\u0131van\u00e7 Tanr\u0131yar taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Adam Phillips\u2019e g\u00f6re […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":585,"featured_media":48544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7264,38,513,510,511],"tags":[7290,7291,7293,7292],"class_list":["post-48543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-202-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kitapcil","category-surekli-bolumler","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-akil-sagligi-uzerine","tag-ayrinti-yayinlari","tag-gozde-yazici","tag-kitap-tanitimi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t