Parazitlerin, konak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irip onlar\u0131 zombiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,\u00a0 48 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k fosille\u015fmi\u015f bir yaprak sayesinde do\u011fan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n delilleri olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ke\u015fif Exeter \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde, konak\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7iren parazitler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Dr. David P Hughes\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
Hayvanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, genellikle \u00f6l\u00fc beden sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na duyarl\u0131d\u0131r, fakat ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan bu tarz parazitlerin nerede ne zaman evrimle\u015ftikleridir.<\/p>\n
Biyolojik bilimler b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan Dr. Hughes, parazitlerin ne zaman ve nerede geli\u015ftiklerini belirleyen ve molek\u00fcler saat yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olarak isimlendiren bir\u00e7ok tekni\u011fin var oldu\u011funu ve fosillerin de bu saatleri kalibre etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bilgi kaynaklar\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
Bulunan fosil yapra\u011f\u0131, kar\u0131ncalar\u0131 enfekte eden ve sonra onlar\u0131n hareketlerini de\u011fi\u015ftiren ve bir mantar olan zombi parazitlerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir kaynak olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n
Ophiocordyceps unilateralis olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan mantar, kar\u0131ncalar\u0131n kolonilerinden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131p, onlar\u0131 ideal ko\u015fullarda tekrar \u00fcreyebilecekleri bir yapra\u011fa y\u00f6nlendirir. Kar\u0131ncalar\u0131 bu yapra\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131nda, kar\u0131ncalar \u201c\u00f6l\u00fcm tutu\u015fu\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bir duruma ge\u00e7erler ve yapra\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck damarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok sert bir \u015fekilde \u0131s\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bunun sonucunda, kar\u0131ncalar \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, v\u00fccutlar\u0131 hareketsiz kal\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece mantarlar, kar\u0131ncalar\u0131 enfekte ederek sporlar\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r ve \u00fcremeleri i\u00e7in gerekli zamana sahip olmu\u015f olurlar.<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00fcm tutu\u015fu \u0131s\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaprakta \u00e7ok belirgin bir iz b\u0131rak\u0131r. Yapraktan kalan fosili inceleyerek mantar\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 arayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00f6l\u00fcm tutu\u015fu \u0131s\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 48 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait oldu\u011funu bulmu\u015flar. Dr. Hughes, elde etmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 kan\u0131t\u0131n, bug\u00fcn bulunan bir yapraktaki ize \u00e7ok benzedi\u011fini ve uzun s\u00fcredir parazitlerin ayn\u0131 yolla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda kar\u0131ncalara sald\u0131ran bu parazitlerin \u00e7ok eski d\u00f6nemlere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Parazitlerden kaynaklanan de\u011fi\u015fimlerin kan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha fazla fosil kayna\u011f\u0131n bulunabilmesi olduk\u00e7a umut verici. Sonu\u00e7ta bu fosiller,\u00a0 parazitik birlikteli\u011fin k\u00f6kenine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak ve parazitlerin nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fip yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha net fikirler verebilecek.<\/p>\n
Kaynak: <\/strong><\/em>http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2010\/08\/100818105730.htm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Parazitlerin, konak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irip onlar\u0131 zombiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc,\u00a0 48 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k fosille\u015fmi\u015f bir yaprak sayesinde do\u011fan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n delilleri olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131. Ke\u015fif Exeter \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde, konak\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7iren parazitler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Dr. David P Hughes\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Hayvanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, genellikle \u00f6l\u00fc beden sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na duyarl\u0131d\u0131r, fakat ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":818,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116,38],"tags":[197,426,7316,7315,7314],"class_list":["post-48629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-79-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","tag-biyoloji","tag-kesif","tag-konakcilar","tag-parazitler","tag-zombi-karincalar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/818"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48629\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}