{"id":49222,"date":"2021-03-18T11:51:28","date_gmt":"2021-03-18T08:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=49222"},"modified":"2021-03-18T11:55:01","modified_gmt":"2021-03-18T08:55:01","slug":"ilk-uzay-yuruyusunun-56-yili-4-soruda-uzay-yuruyusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2021\/03\/18\/ilk-uzay-yuruyusunun-56-yili-4-soruda-uzay-yuruyusu","title":{"rendered":"\u0130lk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn 56. y\u0131l\u0131: 4 soruda uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

56 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn tarihin ilk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kozmonot Alexei Leonov taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Peki, uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedir? Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne neden gidilir? Hangi materyaller kullan\u0131l\u0131r? Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda nas\u0131l g\u00fcvende kal\u0131r? 4 ba\u015fl\u0131kta uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc…<\/p>\n

1) Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uzay g\u00f6revindeki bir insan, uzay arac\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda buna uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc denir. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc EVA (extravehicular activity\/ ara\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 aktivite) olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan ilk insan Alexei Leonov oldu, 56 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn, 18 Mart 1965 g\u00fcn\u00fc ilk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Leonov\u2019un uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc 10 dakika s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yapan ilk Amerikal\u0131 Ed White oldu. White, uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc 3 Haziran 1965 g\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. White\u2019\u0131n uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ise 23 dakika s\u00fcrd\u00fc. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde astronotlar, Uluslararas\u0131 Uzay \u0130stasyonu\u2019nun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kabiliyorlar. Bu uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak genellikle be\u015f ila sekiz saat s\u00fcrmektedir. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc konusundaki d\u00fcnya rekoru kozmonot Anatoly Solovyev’e aittir. Solovyev 16 kez uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu uzayda ge\u00e7irilen 82 saatten fazlas\u0131 demektir, neredeyse \u00fc\u00e7 bu\u00e7uk g\u00fcn!<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0130lk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren Alexei Leonov.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2) Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne neden gider?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Astronotlar\u0131n uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7ok nedeni vard\u0131r. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015flerine olanak sa\u011flayan teknolojiler astronotlar uzaydayken uzay arac\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitli incelemeler yapabilmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor. Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli deneyler de yapabilir. Deney mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 uzay arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015ftirip g\u00f6zlem yapabilirler. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri yeni ekipmanlar\u0131n test edilmesinde de olanak tan\u0131r. Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile uydular\u0131 veya uzay ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 onarabilirler.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Astronot Owen Garriott, Amerika’n\u0131n ilk uzay istasyonu olan Skylab’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Astronotlar uzay gemileriyle ilgili bir sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in ilk kez ara\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. (Kaynak: NASA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

3) Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in hangi materyaller gerekli?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda kendilerini g\u00fcvende tutabilmek i\u00e7in uzay giysilerini giyer. Giysilerde astronotlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu oranda oksijen ve su bulunur.<\/p>\n

Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden birka\u00e7 saat \u00f6nce uzay k\u0131yafetlerini giyerler. Giysilerdeki bas\u0131n\u00e7, giysinin oksijenle dolu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. B\u00f6ylece uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan astronot, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileme ihtimali olan bir durumu ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olur. Astronotlar uzay giysilerini giydikten sonra birka\u00e7 saat boyunca saf oksijen solurlar. Astronotlar sadece oksijen soluyarak v\u00fccutlar\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm nitrojeni yok ederler. E\u011fer nitrojen yok olmazsa, uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fabilir. Hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle astronotlar omuzlar\u0131nda, dirseklerinde, bileklerinde ve dizlerinde keskin bir ac\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131 hissedebilir.<\/p>\n

Astronotlar, uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in uzay gemilerinden \u00e7\u0131karken \u201chava kilidi\u201d ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel bir kap\u0131dan ge\u00e7er. Hava kilidinin iki kap\u0131s\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Hava kilidi, hava ge\u00e7irmez oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in astronotlar ara\u00e7 i\u00e7indeyken s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015famaz. Ancak d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacaklar\u0131 zaman \u00f6ncelikle hava kilidinin ilk kap\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p kap\u0131y\u0131 arkalar\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131ca kilitlerler, ard\u0131ndan ikinci kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlar. B\u00f6ylece uzay arac\u0131 ve di\u011fer astronotlar tehlike at\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olur. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan astronotlar hava kilidini kullanarak araca giri\u015f yapar.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Ay g\u00f6revinden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yolunda, Apollo 17 astronotu Ronald Evans bir uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Apollo 17 (1972), aya yap\u0131lan son Apollo g\u00f6reviydi. (Kaynak: NASA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

4) Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda nas\u0131l g\u00fcvende kal\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda astronotlar, uzay gemilerinden uzakla\u015fmamak ve gemiye geri d\u00f6nebilmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik iplerini kullan\u0131r. Bu iplerin bir ucu astronotun giysisine, di\u011fer ucu uzay arac\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullanacaklar\u0131 di\u011fer materyalleri de uzay k\u0131yafetlerine ba\u011flar. B\u00f6ylece s\u00f6z konusu materyaller astronottan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u015fekilde hareket etmez.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca astronotlar SAFER ad\u0131 verilen bir mekanizmay\u0131 da kullan\u0131r. SAFER bir s\u0131rt \u00e7antas\u0131na benzer ve astronotun uzayda hareket etmesine izin veren k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck jet iticiler i\u00e7erir. SAFER, astronotun uzay arac\u0131na d\u00f6nmesine de yard\u0131m eder.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Astronot Bruce McCandless, bir uzay arac\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmadan uzayda hareket eden ilk astronot oldu. \u015eubat 1984’te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde hareket etmek i\u00e7in jet motorlu bir s\u0131rt \u00e7antas\u0131 kulland\u0131. (Kaynak: NASA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/audience\/forstudents\/k-4\/stories\/nasa-knows\/what-is-a-spacewalk-k4.html<\/p>\n

2) https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/audience\/forstudents\/k-4\/stories\/spacewalk-gallery.html<\/p>\n

\n

Leonov\u2019un uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden 56 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti: Foto\u011fraflarla tarihin ilk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

56 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn tarihin ilk uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kozmonot Alexei Leonov taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Peki, uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedir? Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne neden gidilir? Hangi materyaller kullan\u0131l\u0131r? Astronotlar uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda nas\u0131l g\u00fcvende kal\u0131r? 4 ba\u015fl\u0131kta uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc… 1) Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc nedir? Uzay g\u00f6revindeki bir insan, uzay arac\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda buna uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc denir. Uzay y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc EVA (extravehicular […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1390,"featured_media":49179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t