Karadelik-y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00e7ifti Cygnus X-1 sisteminin yeni g\u00f6zlemleri, karadeli\u011fin G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten yakla\u015f\u0131k 21; ge\u00e7mi\u015f tahminlerden yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 kat daha a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. G\u00fcncellenen k\u00fctle miktar\u0131 ile birlikte g\u00f6kbilimciler, karadelik olu\u015fturan y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fini yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe bak\u0131l\u0131rsa Samanyolu\u2019ndaki y\u0131ld\u0131z boyutlu karadelikler, \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00f6nce y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 etksiyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden daha az k\u00fctle kaybediyor.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 sebebiyle y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n ne denli k\u00fctle kaybetti\u011fini bilmek, \u00e7evrelerini a\u011f\u0131r elementlerle nas\u0131l zenginle\u015ftirdiklerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n patlay\u0131p arkalar\u0131nda karadelikler b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131nda k\u00fctle ve bile\u015fimlerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Amsterdam \u00dcniversitesi’nden Tana Joseph, Cygnus X-1’in g\u00fcncellenmi\u015f k\u00fctlesini “eski bir \u015f\u00f6hrete gelen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik” olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Stephen Hawking ile Kip Thorne, 1964’te ke\u015ffedilen Cygnus X-1 sisteminin bir karadelik i\u00e7erip i\u00e7ermedi\u011fine dair bahse girer. Bahsini sistemin karadelik i\u00e7ermemesinden yana kullanan Hawking, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ke\u015fif ile birlikte bahsi kaybeder ve Cygnus X-1 bilinen ilk karadelik olma \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6kbilimciler, radyo teleskop a\u011f\u0131 (Very Long Baseline Array; VLBA) kullanarak Cygnus X-1’I yeniden mercek alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar. Bahsi ge\u00e7en teleskop a\u011f\u0131, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri boyunca Hawaii’den Virgin Adalar\u0131\u2019na dek uzan\u0131r ve hep birlikte g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131ta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde tek bir radyo anteni olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda VLBA, alt\u0131 g\u00fcn boyunca (karadelik ve e\u015flik\u00e7i y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n birbiri etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nmesi i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcre) Cygnus X-1 karadeli\u011fi radyo jetlerini izledi. B\u00f6ylece karadeli\u011fin y\u00f6r\u00fcnge de\u011fi\u015fimleri hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler edinen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ekibi, Cygnus X-1’e olan mesafeyi de yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n
Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, daha \u00f6nce 6000 \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 uzakl\u0131kta oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen sistemin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 7200 \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 mesafede oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu da g\u00f6steriyor ki Cygnus X-1 sisteminin y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131, g\u00f6kbilimcilerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha parlak ve b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 40.6 g\u00fcne\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu tahmin ediyor. Bunun yan\u0131nda, karadeli\u011fin de y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00fczerindeki \u00e7ekim etkisini a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmek ad\u0131na \u00f6nceden tahmin edilen 14.8 G\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesindenden \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r; yakla\u015f\u0131k 21.2 G\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesi civar\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Avustralya’n\u0131n Melbourne kentindeki Monash \u00dcniversitesi’nden astrofizik\u00e7i Ilya Mandel, Cygnus X-1\u2019in karadeli\u011fi i\u00e7in tayin edilen yeni k\u00fctlenin, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n karadeliklere \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile ilgili anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 zorlayacak denli b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu vurgulayarak, “Y\u0131ld\u0131zlar bazen olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctlelerle do\u011farlar. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten 100 kat b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctle ile do\u011fan y\u0131ld\u0131zlar oldu\u011funa dair g\u00f6zlemler mevcut. Fakat b\u00f6ylesi b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131ld\u0131zlar karadeliklere \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00f6nce k\u00fctlelerinin \u00e7o\u011fundan y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131yla kurtulur; y\u0131ld\u0131z ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck ve i\u00e7erdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r elementler o kadar fazla ise, y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 o denli b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Samanyolu gibi a\u011f\u0131r element bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin galaksilerde, b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n -ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 k\u00fctleleri ne olursa olsun- kara deliklere \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00f6nce yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 g\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctlesine k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeleri gerekiyor” dedi. Fakat Cygnus X-1 sisteminin 21-g\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctleli karadeli\u011fi bu anlay\u0131\u015fa meydan okuyor.<\/p>\n
LIGO ve Virgo gravitasyon dalga dedekt\u00f6rleri, di\u011fer galaksilerde onlarca g\u00fcne\u015f k\u00fctleli karadelikler ke\u015ffettiler. Joseph, bunun sebebinin ise b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla LIGO’nun evrenin daha erken zamanlar\u0131nda var olmu\u015f olan uzak galaksilere bakmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve “O zamanlar daha az a\u011f\u0131r element vard\u0131 ve bu y\u00fczden y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 daha zay\u0131ft\u0131. Yeni Cygnus X-1 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleriyle birlikte, \u015fimdi \u015funu s\u00f6ylemeliyiz: Erken evrene k\u0131yasla a\u011f\u0131r element bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin bir ortamday\u0131z ama yine de b\u00f6ylesi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir karadelik meydana gelmi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Belki de y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz kadar k\u00fctle kaybetmiyoruz” diye ekliyor.<\/p>\n
Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/first-black-hole-discovery-cygnus-massive<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Karadelik-y\u0131ld\u0131z \u00e7ifti Cygnus X-1 sisteminin yeni g\u00f6zlemleri, karadeli\u011fin G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019ten yakla\u015f\u0131k 21; ge\u00e7mi\u015f tahminlerden yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 kat daha a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. G\u00fcncellenen k\u00fctle miktar\u0131 ile birlikte g\u00f6kbilimciler, karadelik olu\u015fturan y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fini yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe bak\u0131l\u0131rsa Samanyolu\u2019ndaki y\u0131ld\u0131z boyutlu karadelikler, \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00f6nce y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 etksiyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclenden daha az k\u00fctle kaybediyor. Y\u0131ld\u0131z r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 sebebiyle y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n ne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":634,"featured_media":49254,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,19],"tags":[7452,795,2239,1091,1780],"class_list":["post-49247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-cekim-etkisi","tag-gunes","tag-karadelik","tag-kutle","tag-yildiz"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t