{"id":49767,"date":"2021-04-05T16:22:14","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T13:22:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=49767"},"modified":"2021-04-05T16:22:14","modified_gmt":"2021-04-05T13:22:14","slug":"son-40-yilin-tum-dogal-afetlerindeki-can-kaybi-sayisini-covid-19-bir-yilda-gecti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2021\/04\/05\/son-40-yilin-tum-dogal-afetlerindeki-can-kaybi-sayisini-covid-19-bir-yilda-gecti","title":{"rendered":"Son 40 y\u0131l\u0131n t\u00fcm do\u011fal afetlerindeki can kayb\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Covid-19 bir y\u0131lda ge\u00e7ti"},"content":{"rendered":"

EM-DAT\u2019\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 afetler veri taban\u0131na g\u00f6re* 1980-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyada biyolojik ve insan kaynakl\u0131 (teknolojik) afetler hari\u00e7 do\u011fal kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin (deprem, sel, f\u0131rt\u0131na, kurakl\u0131k, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k, heyelan, k\u00fctle hareketleri, volkan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi, orman yang\u0131n\u0131) say\u0131s\u0131 11.560 olmu\u015ftur. Son 40 y\u0131lda do\u011fal afetlerin toplam say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 44\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlar, y\u00fczde 28\u2019ini ise f\u0131rt\u0131na ve tayfunlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. 2000-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki toplam do\u011fal afet say\u0131s\u0131, 1980-1999 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki say\u0131n\u0131n 1.8 kat\u0131na yak\u0131nd\u0131r (\u015eekil 1). \u0130statistikler, meteorolojik kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekte, bunun nedeni olarak da iklim de\u011fi\u015fimi etkisinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal afetler nedeniyle son 40 y\u0131lda d\u00fcnyada toplamda 2.42 milyon ki\u015fi \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f, toplam 7.28 milyar insan \u00e7e\u015fitli derecelerde etkilenmi\u015f veya ma\u011fdur olmu\u015ftur. D\u00fcnyada do\u011fal afetler nedeniyle her y\u0131l ortalama 60.000 ki\u015fi \u00f6lmekte, yakla\u015f\u0131k 185 milyon ki\u015fi \u00e7e\u015fitli derecelerde etkilenmektedir. Ek olarak, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde do\u011fal afetlerden dolay\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ekonomik kay\u0131plar yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.6 trilyon dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekonomik kay\u0131plarla ilgili verilen say\u0131lar\u0131n ve y\u00fczdelerin, baz\u0131 Asya ve Afrika \u00fclkelerinden yeterli veriler gelmedi\u011finden dolay\u0131 ortalama y\u00fczde 35’e yak\u0131n bir de\u011ferde eksik oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 1. EM-DAT verilerine g\u00f6re 1980-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte olu\u015fan do\u011fal afetlerin neden oldu\u011fu kay\u0131p ve etki say\u0131lar\u0131. (Kaynak: https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/publications)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

K\u00fcresel Covid-19 afeti kay\u0131plar\u0131 di\u011fer do\u011fal afet kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ti<\/strong>
\nMart 2020\u2019de \u00c7in’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Covid-19 vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla yay\u0131ld\u0131 ve yay\u0131lmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Salg\u0131n\u0131n birinci y\u0131l\u0131 bitti. Sosyal ve e\u011fitim etkinliklerinin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na ve h\u0131zla geli\u015ftirilen a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dalga s\u00fcrecine girilen bug\u00fcnlerde, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n ve olumsuz ekonomik etkilerin istenilen d\u00fczeyde azalt\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmektedir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO), Covid-19 vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn 4 Nisan 2021 itibariyle 130 milyon ki\u015fiye bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 2.8 milyon can kayb\u0131na neden oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 (\u015eekil 2). Bu sonu\u00e7, Covid-19’un d\u00fcnyada bir y\u0131lda neden oldu\u011fu can kayb\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (2.84 milyon ki\u015fi), 1980-2019 y\u0131l\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yani son 40 y\u0131lda olan do\u011fal afetlerdeki can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (2.42 milyon ki\u015fi) a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Toplam say\u0131s\u0131 548 milyona ula\u015fan a\u015f\u0131lama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u011flanan \u00fcmitler artmakla birlikte, salg\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dalgas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair i\u015faretlerin de endi\u015feyle dile getirildi\u011fi g\u00fcnleri ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. E\u011fer salg\u0131n azalt\u0131lamazsa, 2021\u2019de can kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve ekonomik kay\u0131plar \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r olabilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 2. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re Kovid-19 nedeniyle k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte toplam can kayb\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tarihler itibariyle de\u011fi\u015fimi. https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fcresel ekonomiyi daraltt\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015fsizlik ortam\u0131 yaratt\u0131. Covid-19 nedeniyle k\u00fcresel gayri safi yurti\u00e7i has\u0131lada (GSYH) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn 2019’a g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 4.5 oran\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. K\u00fcresel GSYH’n\u0131n 2019’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 87.55 trilyon dolar oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmede y\u00fczde 4.5’lik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f 3.94 trilyon dolarl\u0131k ekonomik kayba kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelmektedir. FTSE indeksi 2008’den bu yana ilk kez 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 14.3’l\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle en k\u00f6t\u00fc duruma gelmi\u015f bulunuyor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomileri olan \u00fclkelerde de i\u015fsizlik h\u0131zla artm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu olumsuz geli\u015fmelere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Covid-19 ve benzer vir\u00fcs salg\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden bir k\u00fcresel afete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemesi i\u00e7in, salg\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00f6nlemler almak ve kay\u0131plar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda d\u00fcnya afet politikalar\u0131n\u0131n, haz\u0131rl\u0131k y\u00f6ntemlerinin ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imlerinin yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

(*) Afet istatisti\u011fine kat\u0131lma \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc: 10 veya daha fazla \u00f6l\u00fcm, 100 veya daha fazla etkilenen ki\u015fi, acil durum ilan\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131m \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131. Ekonomi ile ilgili kay\u0131plar 2019\u2019daki ABD Dolar\u2019\u0131ndaki enflasyona g\u00f6re ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

EM-DAT\u2019\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 afetler veri taban\u0131na g\u00f6re* 1980-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyada biyolojik ve insan kaynakl\u0131 (teknolojik) afetler hari\u00e7 do\u011fal kaynakl\u0131 afetlerin (deprem, sel, f\u0131rt\u0131na, kurakl\u0131k, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k, heyelan, k\u00fctle hareketleri, volkan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi, orman yang\u0131n\u0131) say\u0131s\u0131 11.560 olmu\u015ftur. Son 40 y\u0131lda do\u011fal afetlerin toplam say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 44\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc sel ve ta\u015fk\u0131nlar, y\u00fczde 28\u2019ini ise f\u0131rt\u0131na ve tayfunlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":233,"featured_media":49773,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[5683,5848,278,5764],"class_list":["post-49767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-afet","tag-covid-19","tag-ekonomi","tag-salgin"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/233"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49767"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49767\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}