Ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki sorular y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da hipotezin ortaya at\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Glasgow \u00dcniversitesi ve Birmingham \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden biliminsanlar\u0131 bu soruya yan\u0131t verebilmek i\u00e7in yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Nature Communications<\/em>\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, zamanla an\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z daha az canl\u0131 ve daha az ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 hale gelir, yaln\u0131zca an\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc korunur. Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131n d\u00f6neme dair an\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve deneyimlerimizi s\u0131k s\u0131k hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, onlar\u0131 daha etrafl\u0131ca hat\u0131rlama ihtimalimiz y\u00fckselir, kay\u0131plar azal\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, travma sonras\u0131 stres bozuklu\u011fu ya\u015fayan bir bireyde an\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, g\u00f6rg\u00fc tan\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 ve hatta s\u0131nava \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in en iyi uygulamay\u0131 belirlemek de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok alanda etkileri olabilir.<\/p>\n An\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z ge\u00e7mi\u015fin karbon ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131na kopyalar\u0131 olmasa da uzmanlar, bir an\u0131y\u0131 akl\u0131m\u0131za her getirdi\u011fimizde i\u00e7eri\u011finin de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Bunun temel nedeni hat\u0131rlaman\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak an\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n deneyimlerimizden nas\u0131l farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve zaman i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftiklerini laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7mek \u00e7ok zordu.<\/p>\n Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmada biliminsanlar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6rsel an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n belirli \u00f6zelliklerini ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 kurtarabileceklerini \u00f6l\u00e7en basit bir bilgisayar g\u00f6revi geli\u015ftirdi. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar baz\u0131 kelime-g\u00f6rsel e\u015fle\u015ftirmelerini \u00f6\u011frendi ve daha sonra kelime s\u00f6ylendi\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn farkl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamalar\u0131 istendi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lardan, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn renkli mi yoksa gri tonlu mu (alg\u0131sal bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131) oldu\u011funu veya canl\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa cans\u0131z bir nesne mi (anlamsal bir \u00f6\u011fe) g\u00f6sterildi\u011fini h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde belirtmeleri istendi. G\u00f6rsel an\u0131lar\u0131n kalitesinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu testler, \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcrecinden hemen sonra ve iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir bekleme s\u00fcrecinden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Tepki s\u00fcresi modelleri, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n anlamsal \u00f6\u011feleri hat\u0131rlamada daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve iyi oldu\u011funu<\/strong> g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n Birmingham \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Julia Lifanov, \u201cBir\u00e7ok haf\u0131za teorisi, zaman i\u00e7inde insanlar hik\u00e2yelerini yeniden anlatt\u0131k\u00e7a y\u00fczeydeki detaylar\u0131 unutma e\u011filiminde olduklar\u0131n\u0131, ancak bir olay\u0131n anlaml\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fini koruduklar\u0131n\u0131 varsayar. Salg\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131zla bir ak\u015fam yeme\u011fine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z g\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n, masa dekorunu hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorsunuz ancak ne sipari\u015f etti\u011finizi hat\u0131rl\u0131yorsunuz. Bu fenomene \u2018anlamsalla\u015ft\u0131rma\u2019 denir\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, an\u0131lar\u0131n anlaml\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 \u201ctarafl\u0131\u201d duru\u015funun beyin sinyalleri ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131yla da do\u011fruland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Ayr\u0131ca anlamsal bellek i\u00e7eri\u011fine y\u00f6nelik \u201ctarafl\u0131\u201d duru\u015fun, zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e ve hat\u0131rlanma say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7lendi\u011fi bulundu. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar iki g\u00fcn sonra laboratuvara geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcklerinde, alg\u0131sal ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlamada \u00e7ok daha yava\u015f davrand\u0131lar, ancak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin anlamsal i\u00e7eri\u011fini daha kolay hat\u0131rlad\u0131lar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hat\u0131rlama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi durumlarla ba\u015f edilmesinde kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n