Enfeksiyonlar ve kanser gibi hastal\u0131klar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccreler (veya do\u011fal katil h\u00fccreleri) m\u00fcttefiklerimizdir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemimizin do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccreleri ilkin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131nda i\u015flevliyken, T h\u00fccreleri bir t\u00fcr takviye kuvvet gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemimizin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccreler, do\u011fumdan itibaren v\u00fccut i\u00e7in tehlikeli olan enfeksiyonlar\u0131 tan\u0131mak ve onlara tepki vermek i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u0131ras\u0131nda neyle beslendi\u011finin belirlenmesi, imm\u00fcnoloji alan\u0131nda aktif bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma konusudur. Biliminsanlar\u0131, do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccreleri harekete ge\u00e7iren mekanizma ne kadar iyi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa, h\u00fccrelerin hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in o kadar iyi bir bi\u00e7imde programlanabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Daha \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, T h\u00fccrelerinin koruyucu i\u015flevlerini yerine getirebilmeleri i\u00e7in oksijen kullan\u0131lmayan solunum mekanizmas\u0131 olan glikoliz yoluyla enerji \u00fcrettiklerini g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. Fakat do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin de bu mekanizmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmiyordu.<\/p>\n
Cell Reports<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada biliminsanlar\u0131, do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin ne t\u00fcr bir mekanizma kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi ve T h\u00fccrelerinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 mekanizma ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin, T h\u00fccrelerinin glikolitik dalgalanmalar\u0131yla yan\u0131t \u00fcretmesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f g\u00fcn \u00f6nce glikolizi h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulundu. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc Dr. Sheppard, “Bu sonu\u00e7, do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kritik konumda olan do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleri oldu\u011fu fikrine uymaktad\u0131r” a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u015fimdiye kadarki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda genellikle do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccrelerin laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda \u00fcretilip analiz edildi\u011fini, fakat bunun yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar \u00fcretebilece\u011fini de belirtiyor. Dr. Sheppard, “Bu h\u00fccreleri bir laboratuvar ekipman\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcrseniz ve onlar\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye zorlarsan\u0131z, onlar\u0131 bir hastaya verdi\u011finizde glikoliz potansiyelleri fazla olmayabilir” diyor. Biliminsanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda, do\u011fal \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc h\u00fccreleri \u00e7o\u011falmaya te\u015fvik etmek ve h\u00fccrelerin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korumak aras\u0131nda bir denge kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n