{"id":5081,"date":"2016-04-07T00:02:55","date_gmt":"2016-04-06T21:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=5081"},"modified":"2016-04-07T00:02:55","modified_gmt":"2016-04-06T21:02:55","slug":"neandertal-besinlerinin-yuzde-20si-bitkilerdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/04\/07\/neandertal-besinlerinin-yuzde-20si-bitkilerdi","title":{"rendered":"Neandertal besinlerinin y\u00fczde 20\u2019si bitkilerdi"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7e\u015fitli avc\u0131lar ve besinleri.<\/p>\n

Tarih\u00f6ncesi insanlar\u0131n yeme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen izotop \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Neandertal<\/em>lerin t\u00fckettikleri besinlerin y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bitkilerden olu\u015ftu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Almanya T\u00fcbingen\u2019de bulunan Senckenberg \u0130nsan Evrimi ve Paleo\u00e7evre Merkezi\u2019nde (Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment – HEP) yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Neandertal<\/em>lerin t\u00fckettikleri besinler incelendi.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, tarih\u00f6ncesinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f insanlar\u0131n kemiklerinde bulunan kolajenlerin (kemik, di\u015f, k\u0131k\u0131rdak, tendon ve deride bulunan ba\u011f dokunun temel organik bile\u015fenlerinden biri) izotop bile\u015fimine dayanarak Neandertal<\/em>lerin t\u00fckettikleri besinlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, mamut ve gergedanlar gibi iri ot\u00e7ullardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu, bununla birlikte beslenmelerinde bitkilerin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce \u0130nsan Evrimi B\u00fclteni<\/em> (Journal of Human Evolution<\/em>) \u00a0ve Uluslararas\u0131 Kuaterner<\/em> (Quaternary International<\/em>) adl\u0131 bilimsel dergilerde yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f devri diyeti, beslenme konusunda duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan insanlar aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n zamanda moda haline gelmi\u015f olan diyetlerden biri. Fakat nesli t\u00fckenmi\u015f olan atalar\u0131m\u0131z ger\u00e7ek anlamda \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnlerine hangi besinleri dahil ediyordu? Senckenberg \u0130nsan Evrimi ve Paleo\u00e7evre Merkezi\u2019nden Prof. Dr. Herv\u00e9 Bocherens, Neandertal<\/em>lerin beslenmelerini detayl\u0131 olarak incelediklerini, ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz insan\u0131n\u0131n nesli t\u00fckenmi\u015f akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n beslenmesinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131n mamut ve t\u00fcyl\u00fc gergedan gibi iri otoburlara ait oldu\u011funu belirleyebildiklerini dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Bel\u00e7ika\u2019da bulunan iki kaz\u0131 alan\u0131nda 45 bin ile 40 biny\u0131ll\u0131k mamut, t\u00fcyl\u00fc gergedan, vah\u015fi at, rengeyi\u011fi, Avrupa bizonu, ma\u011fara s\u0131rtlan\u0131, ay\u0131, aslan ve kurt kemiklerinin bulundu\u011fu geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lge, T\u00fcbingen\u2019den biyojeologlardan olu\u015fan bir ekibin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde uluslararas\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi taraf\u0131ndan incelendi. Vah\u015fi hayvan kemiklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, s\u00f6z konusu alan\u0131n yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde bulunmu\u015f olan Neandertal<\/em> kemikleri de kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar incelenen kemiklerde bulunan kolajenlerin izotop bile\u015fimlerine dayanarak, Neandertal<\/em>lerin kemiklerinin di\u011fer incelenen hayvan kemiklerinden bariz \u015fekilde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini ortaya koymay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce Neandertal<\/em>lerin, \u201chayvan kom\u015fular\u0131yla ayn\u0131 besin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fckettiklerinin varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yleyen Bocherens, yeni bulgular\u0131yla ilgili \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cElde etti\u011fimiz sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, her bir y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, avlayaca\u011f\u0131 hayvan\u0131 kendi boyutuna g\u00f6re se\u00e7erken yaln\u0131zca Neandertal<\/em>ler mamut ve t\u00fcyl\u00fc gergedan gibi iri otoburlar \u00fczerinde uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ancak nesli t\u00fckenmi\u015f olan akrabalar\u0131m\u0131z yaln\u0131zca ete dayal\u0131 beslenmiyordu: Kolajenlerde bulunan tekil aminoasitlerin izotop bile\u015fimleri yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 20 oran\u0131nda bitkisel maddelerden olu\u015fmu\u015f. Bilimsel \u00e7evrelerde evrimi yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren Neandertal<\/em>lerin besinleri aras\u0131nda bitkilerin yer al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusu, herhangi bir somut sonuca ba\u011flanamadan on y\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bocherens, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n, ge\u00e7 Neandertal<\/em>lerin beslenmesinde bitkisel besinlerin oran\u0131n\u0131 say\u0131sal olarak belirlemeyi ba\u015faran ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcbingenli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, Neandertal<\/em>lerin 40 biny\u0131l \u00f6nce nesillerinin t\u00fckenmesine neyin neden oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin daha net bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00f6nayak olmas\u0131n\u0131 umut ediyor. Bocherens konuya ili\u015fkin \u00f6zet olarak, \u201cNeandertal<\/em>lerin yerini modern insan\u0131n almas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri aras\u0131nda beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n belirleyici bir etken olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin gitgide daha fazla kan\u0131t elde ettiklerini\u201d s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren: U\u011fur Er\u00f6zkan<\/strong><\/p>\n

ODT\u00dc Kentsel Politika Planlama B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc YL<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> http:\/\/www.heritagedaily.com\/2016\/03\/neanderthals-20-percent-vegetarian-isotope-studies-shed-a-new-light-on-the-eating-habits-of-the-prehistoric-humans\/109972<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: \u00c7e\u015fitli avc\u0131lar ve besinleri. Tarih\u00f6ncesi insanlar\u0131n yeme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen izotop \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Neandertallerin t\u00fckettikleri besinlerin y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bitkilerden olu\u015ftu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Almanya T\u00fcbingen\u2019de bulunan Senckenberg \u0130nsan Evrimi ve Paleo\u00e7evre Merkezi\u2019nde (Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment – HEP) yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Neandertallerin t\u00fckettikleri besinler incelendi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, tarih\u00f6ncesinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5084,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211,19,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antropoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","category-evrim"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5081"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5081\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}