{"id":5108,"date":"2016-04-13T14:13:36","date_gmt":"2016-04-13T11:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=5108"},"modified":"2016-04-13T14:13:36","modified_gmt":"2016-04-13T11:13:36","slug":"kaslarindan-once-beynini-gelistirmis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/04\/13\/kaslarindan-once-beynini-gelistirmis","title":{"rendered":"T. rex kaslar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce beynini geli\u015ftirmi\u015f!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tyrannosaurlar\u0131n beyinleri, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcnden \u00f6nce geli\u015fti. Jurassic Park\u2019\u0131n y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 simgele\u015ftirilmi\u015f <em>Tyrannosaurus rex<\/em>, yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce b\u00fcy\u00fck ve cing\u00f6z avc\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak, onlar\u0131n nas\u0131l evrimle\u015ftikleri, 100 milyon y\u0131ldan \u00f6nce ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olan fosil kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndaki bir bo\u015fluktan dolay\u0131 gizemini uzun bir s\u00fcre korumu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eu an, bir kafatas\u0131 par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren yeni kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, dinozorlar\u0131n \u00f6nceleri bir ay\u0131 boyutundan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck c\u00fcsselerinden \u00f6nce b\u00fcy\u00fck beyinlerinin evrimle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk tyrannosaurlar, 170 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce evrimle\u015fti ve daha sonra ku\u015flar\u0131n olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7an t\u00fcyl\u00fc predat\u00f6rler grubundan ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck yarat\u0131klar olan allosaur ve\u00a0spinosaurlar\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Tyrannosaurlar, dinozorlar \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sonuna gelindi\u011finde fosil kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda bulunan 20 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k bo\u015fluk s\u0131ras\u0131nda devler olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Edinburgh \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Stephen Brusatte, 90 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015f tyrannosaura benzer bir fosil olan <em>Timurlengia euotica<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n, <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019in nas\u0131l olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck ve bask\u0131n olabildi\u011fini anlamam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bir bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurdu\u011funu dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Alexander Averianov ve grubu, \u00d6zbekistan\u2019\u0131n Bissekt olu\u015fumundan bir\u00e7ok fosil toplad\u0131 ve iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce Brusatte\u2019ye bunlar aras\u0131nda olan bir <em>cranium<\/em>u (beyni i\u00e7eren kafatas\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131) g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde, \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n<p>Brusatte, \u00e7ok say\u0131da tyrannosaur ve <em>cranium<\/em> ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra aralar\u0131nda bir tyrannosaur oldu\u011funun da fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmektedir. Ekip, bu <em>cranium<\/em>u daha detayl\u0131 inceledi ve yeni bir t\u00fcr oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>CT taramalar<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CT taramalar, <em>Timurlengia<\/em> beyninin bir dinozor i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu, dengede g\u00f6revli olan ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekanstaki sesleri duymaktan sorumlu olan i\u00e7 kulaktaki yap\u0131lar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Daha \u00f6nceki tyrannosaurlar, bir apex predat\u00f6r (u\u00e7 y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131) olarak ya\u015fama alan\u0131nda <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019e yard\u0131m edebilen bu davran\u0131\u015flardan yoksunlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak, yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 kg a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla <em>Timurlengia<\/em>, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 5 tondan fazla olan <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019den \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Fosiller, <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019in v\u00fccudundan \u00f6nce beyninin evrimle\u015fti\u011fi ile ilgili \u00f6nceki \u00f6nerileri desteklemektedir. Ancak, Brusatte\u2019nin di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck predat\u00f6rlerin gizemli yok olu\u015funun <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019e avantaj sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olabildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, onun bir apex predat\u00f6r\u00fc olarak y\u00f6netimi nas\u0131l devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 yan\u0131t bulmu\u015f de\u011fildir. Brusatte, allasaurlar\u0131n ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu f\u0131rsatla tyrannosaurlar\u0131n bask\u0131n hale gelmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Maryland \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Thomas Holtz, bunun harika bir \u00f6zellik oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. Ancak, <em>Timurlengia<\/em>\u00a0kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kol uzunluklar\u0131 gibi di\u011fer detaylar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayamayacak \u015fekilde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczeyde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda oldu\u011funun da vurgulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor. Holtz, daha sonraki fosil ke\u015fiflerinin, var olan bo\u015fluklar\u0131 doldurmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Amerika Do\u011fa Tarih M\u00fczesi\u2019nden Mark Norell, bilinen tyrannosaur t\u00fcr say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n son 15 y\u0131lda, iki kattan daha fazlas\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Averianov\u2019un ekibi taraf\u0131ndan toplanan di\u011fer \u00d6zbek fosilleri, di\u011fer dinozorlar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir sezgisel yetenek kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Holtz, bu fosillerin, <em>T. rex<\/em>\u2019in d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fayan hem en eski boynuzlu hem de ilk \u00f6rdekgagal\u0131 dinozorlar\u0131 i\u00e7erdiklerini ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c7eviren:<\/strong> Yusuf S\u00fcrmeli<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0130T\u00dc Molek\u00fcler Biyoloji ve Genetik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Doktora \u00d6\u011fr.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2080601-skull-of-mini-t-rex-shows-it-gained-intelligence-before-size\/\">https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2080601-skull-of-mini-t-rex-shows-it-gained-intelligence-before-size\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tyrannosaurlar\u0131n beyinleri, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcnden \u00f6nce geli\u015fti. Jurassic Park\u2019\u0131n y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 simgele\u015ftirilmi\u015f Tyrannosaurus rex, yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce b\u00fcy\u00fck ve cing\u00f6z avc\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak, onlar\u0131n nas\u0131l evrimle\u015ftikleri, 100 milyon y\u0131ldan \u00f6nce ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olan fosil kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndaki bir bo\u015fluktan dolay\u0131 gizemini uzun bir s\u00fcre korumu\u015ftur. \u015eu an, bir kafatas\u0131 par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren yeni kal\u0131nt\u0131lar, dinozorlar\u0131n \u00f6nceleri bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5108"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5108\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}