{"id":52948,"date":"2021-12-05T13:14:11","date_gmt":"2021-12-05T10:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=52948"},"modified":"2021-12-05T13:16:24","modified_gmt":"2021-12-05T10:16:24","slug":"kubanin-gelistirdigi-kovid-19-asilari-meyvesini-veriyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2021\/12\/05\/kubanin-gelistirdigi-kovid-19-asilari-meyvesini-veriyor","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 meyvesini veriyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6n bask\u0131da yay\u0131nlanan veriler \u00fc\u00e7 doz Soberana a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemelerde 92.4%\u2019l\u00fck etkinli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.
\n<\/b><\/span>COVID-19 pandemisi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda K\u00fcba a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131na bel ba\u011flamama karar\u0131 ald\u0131. K\u00fcba\u2019ya d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden \u00fcr\u00fcn tedari\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sekteye u\u011fratan ABD\u2019nin 60 y\u0131ll\u0131k ekonomik ambargosunun K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 ve tedaviye eri\u015fimini zora sokaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyordu. \u201cHalk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruman\u0131n en iyi yolu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmakt\u0131\u201d diyor Havana\u2019daki Finlay A\u015f\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn genel direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. <\/span>Vicente V\u00e9rez Bencomo.
\nB\u00f6ylece Finlay Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n di\u011fer devlet kontroll\u00fc biyoteknoloji merkezleri kendi COVID-19 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Son a\u00e7\u0131klanan verilere g\u00f6re \u00e7abalar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmu\u015fa benziyor: medRxiv\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n verilerini i\u00e7eren 6 Kas\u0131m tarihli \u00f6n bask\u0131da enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131lardan biri olan Soberana 02\u2019nin yine kendi geli\u015ftirdikleri bir ba\u015fka a\u015f\u0131yla birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda semptomatik COVID-19 enfeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 90%\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde koruma sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor edildi. Bu kombinasyon bula\u015f riski hayli y\u00fcksek olan, hastaneye yat\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131nda k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta y\u00fckseli\u015fe yol a\u00e7an ve bug\u00fcn K\u00fcba\u2019daki hemen hemen t\u00fcm COVID-19 vakalar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlusu olan Delta varyant\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 da etkili g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

18 Kas\u0131m itibariyle K\u00fcba halk\u0131n\u0131n 89%\u2019u \u2013 2 ya\u015fa kadarki \u00e7ocuklar da dahil \u2013 en az bir doz <\/span>Soberana 02 veya Havana\u2019daki Genetik M\u00fchendislik ve Biyoteknoloji Merkezi (\u0130ngilizce k\u0131saltmas\u0131: CIGB) taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir di\u011fer K\u00fcba a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olan Abdala ile a\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Merkezin Temmuz ay\u0131nda bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u00fc\u00e7 doz Abdala a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 48,000\u2019in \u00fczerinden g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen faz III \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 92%\u2019nin \u00fczerinde bir etkinli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu belirlendi, ancak t\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131.
\nK\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenleme kurulu Abdala ve Soberana 02 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na yeti\u015fkinlerde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere s\u0131ras\u0131yla Temmuz ve A\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda yetki verdi. Bunu takip eden birka\u00e7 ay\u0131n sonunda a\u015f\u0131lar \u00e7ocuklara da uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. K\u00fcba bu iki yerli \u00fcretim a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Venez\u00fcella, Vietnam, \u0130ran ve Nikaragua\u2019ya da g\u00f6nderiyor. A\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019nden a\u015f\u0131lar i\u00e7in onay bekleniyor.
\n
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck S\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015flar
\n<\/b><\/span>V\u00e9rez Bencomo\u2019nun grubu <\/span>Soberana 02\u2019yi geli\u015ftirirken enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn \u2018konjuge\u2019 (e\u015flenik) a\u015f\u0131 teknolojisinden yararland\u0131lar. Finlay\u2019\u0131n konjuge a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 bir bakteri veya vir\u00fcsten al\u0131nan protein veya \u015fekeri tetanos bakterisinden elde edilen bir n\u00f6rotoksin proteininin zarars\u0131z bir par\u00e7as\u0131na kimyasal olarak ba\u011fl\u0131yor. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kombinasyon, iki bile\u015fenin tek ba\u015f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu etkiden daha y\u00fcksek bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131 meydana getiriyor. Konjuge a\u015f\u0131lar menenjit ve tifoya kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fcnya genelinde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00fcba\u2019da da \u00e7ocuklara y\u0131llard\u0131r bu tip a\u015f\u0131larla hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.
\n<\/span>V\u00e9rez Bencomo\u2019nun ekibi, tetanos-toksin proteinini SARS-CoV-2\u2019nin spike proteininin (vir\u00fcs\u00fcn h\u00fccrelere giri\u015fine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan protein) resept\u00f6r ba\u011flanma alan\u0131na (\u0130ngilizce k\u0131saltmas\u0131: <\/span>RBD) ba\u011flayarak ko<njuge a\u015f\u0131 teknolojisini COVID-19\u2019un \u00fcstesinden gelecek \u015fekilde d\u00fczenledi. Faz III a\u015famas\u0131nda iki doz a\u015f\u0131 olan 14,000\u2019in \u00fczerinde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn, ayn\u0131 say\u0131da g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcden olu\u015fan plasebo grubundakilere g\u00f6re semptomatik COVID-19 ge\u00e7irme riskinin 71% azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu sonu\u00e7lar, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011finin ABD\u2019de <\/span>Johnson & Johnson (J&J) ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019de<\/span> AstraZeneca\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nkine benzerlik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Koruyuculuk seviyesini daha yukar\u0131ya \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in Finlay ekibi kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir a\u015f\u0131lama daha yapt\u0131. Daha \u00f6nce Soberana Plus isimli ba\u015fka bir a\u015f\u0131 COVID-19 hastas\u0131 insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmi\u015f ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin olumlu cevap verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yaln\u0131zca RBD proteinlerini temel alan bir a\u015f\u0131 olan Soberana Plus\u2019\u0131 iki doz Soberana 02 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015f 14,000 ki\u015filik ba\u015fka bir gruba uygulad\u0131lar ve sonu\u00e7 olarak bu \u00fc\u00e7 dozun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn 92.4%\u2019l\u00fck koruma etkisine sahip oldu\u011funu buldular.
\n<\/span>Ekip, benzer bir testi 24,000 ki\u015fiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere Tehran\u2019daki Pasteur Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019yle ortakl\u0131k kurdu ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n yak\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 bekleniyor. <\/span>V\u00e9rez Bencomo, Finlay Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ayda 10 milyon Soberana 02 dozu \u00fcretebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.
\n<\/span>CIGB\u2019in Abdala a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir at\u0131l\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. T\u0131pk\u0131 Soberana 02 gibi, bu a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki teknoloji de K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n hepatit B i\u00e7in kendi geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u015f\u0131dan uyarland\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar maya h\u00fccrelerini d\u00fczenleyerek Soberana 02\u2019de kullan\u0131landan farkl\u0131 bir RBD b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fcrettiler ve proteinleri Abdala\u2019da kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere safla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. CIGB ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 <\/span>Merardo Pujol Ferrer 24 milyon doz Abdala a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 8 milyon K\u00fcbal\u0131\u2019ya uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkinlik ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini takip etmek i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara b\u00fcy\u00fck bir veri seti sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ekibin elde etti\u011fi verileri bu ay\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru yay\u0131nlamay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ekliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

COVID-19\u2019a Kar\u015f\u0131 Alet \u00c7antas\u0131 Geni\u015fliyor
\n<\/b>\u00c7e\u015fitli COVID-19 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik ve etki a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran ve Kanadal\u0131 Biyoteknoloji \u015eirketi <\/span>Novateur Ventures\u2019in a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme biriminin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Dr. <\/span>Craig Laferri\u00e8re, p<\/span>rotein temelli Soberana 02 ve Abdala a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re baz\u0131 avantajlara sahip olabilece\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/span> Pfizer ve Moderna\u2019n\u0131n<\/span> mRNA a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n protein temelli a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda korunmas\u0131na gerek yok. Bu avantaj a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n uzak yerlere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.
\n<\/span>\u00dcstelik K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 <\/span>AstraZeneca ve<\/span> J&J\u2019\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re (bunlar DNA\u2019ya sahip bir vir\u00fcs grubu olan adenovir\u00fcslerden yararlanarak ilgili geni RBD\u2019nin farkl\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in h\u00fccrelere g\u00f6nderme prensibiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ihtimalli de olsa yan etki olarak kan p\u0131ht\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fumuyla ili\u015fkilendiriliyorlar.) daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yan etkilere sahip olabilir. Finlay\u2019\u0131n elde etti\u011fi bulgular\u0131n medRxiv\u2019te yay\u0131nlanan \u00f6n bask\u0131s\u0131 (hen\u00fcz akran kontrol\u00fcnden ge\u00e7memi\u015f) kapsaml\u0131 klinik verileri i\u00e7ermese de <\/span>Laferri\u00e8re Soberana 02\u2019nin yan etkilerinin minimum d\u00fczeyde olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyor; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc faz III \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na kat\u0131lanlar aras\u0131nda 1%\u2019in alt\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131da ate\u015flenme g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/span>Ver\u00e9z-Bencomo yak\u0131nda daha fazla verinin yay\u0131nlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan, <\/span>Laferri\u00e8re baz\u0131 eksikliklere de de\u011finiyor. Protein bazl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131lar, protein sentezlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli h\u00fccre t\u00fcrleri kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Soberana 02 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 hamsterlar\u0131n yumurtal\u0131k h\u00fccrelerinde \u00fcretiliyor ve bu y\u00f6ntem bu t\u00fcr a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek baz\u0131 alternatif y\u00f6ntemlere g\u00f6re daha uzun zaman al\u0131yor. Buna ek olarak, <\/span>Laferri\u00e8re\u2019e g\u00f6re kan\u0131tlar g\u00f6steriyor ki tetanos-toksin proteini kullan\u0131lan konjuge a\u015f\u0131lar daha \u00f6nce bu tip bir a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f insanlarda (\u00f6rne\u011fin, \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda menenjit a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015f) daha az etkili.
\n<\/span>V\u00e9rez Bencomo a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlili\u011fine dair g\u00fcveninin tam oldu\u011funu, bunun sebebinin de konjuge a\u015f\u0131 teknolojisinin ciddi problemler olmaks\u0131z\u0131n on y\u0131llard\u0131r kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.
\n<\/span>\u00c7ocuklarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere a\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in konjuge a\u015f\u0131 teknolojisi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015f olan Finlay ekibi, Soberana 02’nin Haziran ay\u0131nda ba\u015flayan pediatrik denemeleri i\u00e7in dozaj ayarlama ve yan etkiler hakk\u0131nda da yeterince bilgi sahibiydi. Bu zamana kadar K\u00fcba\u2019da 2 milyon \u00e7ocuk a\u015f\u0131land\u0131 ve <\/span>V\u00e9rez Bencomo hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f verilerin a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve etkin oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.
\n<\/span>A\u015f\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmeti veren ABD merkezli Vaccine Dynamics\u2019in ba\u015fkan\u0131 Dr. <\/span>John Grabenstein, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilen a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n bir alet \u00e7antas\u0131ndaki ara\u00e7lara benzeterek, COVID-19\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta herkesin bu alet \u00e7antas\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 bir arac\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu ara\u00e7lardan her birinin olduk\u00e7a iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 bir katk\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtiyor. <\/span>Grabenstein\u2019a g\u00f6re Soberana 02\u2019ye ili\u015fkin veriler sa\u011flam g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor, ancak a\u015f\u0131 ile kazan\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne kadar s\u00fcre korundu\u011funun belirlenmesi i\u00e7in zaman gerekiyor.
\n<\/span>Bu s\u0131rada, K\u00fcba COVID-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015ftirme stratejisinde ilerlemeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Finlay\u2019\u0131n Soberana 01 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 (bu a\u015f\u0131da spike proteini tetanos-toksin proteini yerine menenjite neden olan bakteriden elde edilen bir \u015fekere ba\u011flan\u0131yor) ve CIGB\u2019nin Mambisa a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (Abdala\u2019da kullan\u0131lan ayn\u0131 RBD par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren ve nazal (burun yoluyla) uygulanan bir a\u015f\u0131) klinik denemeleri hala s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong>
\nNature 600, 15-16 (2021)
\n<\/span>doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-021-03470-x<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6n bask\u0131da yay\u0131nlanan veriler \u00fc\u00e7 doz Soberana a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemelerde 92.4%\u2019l\u00fck etkinli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. COVID-19 pandemisi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda K\u00fcba a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131na bel ba\u011flamama karar\u0131 ald\u0131. K\u00fcba\u2019ya d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden \u00fcr\u00fcn tedari\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sekteye u\u011fratan ABD\u2019nin 60 y\u0131ll\u0131k ekonomik ambargosunun K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 ve tedaviye eri\u015fimini zora sokaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyordu. \u201cHalk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruman\u0131n en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":677,"featured_media":52950,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21,4696],"tags":[7182,5763,1046],"class_list":["post-52948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","category-tip","tag-asilar","tag-koronavirus","tag-kuba"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t