{"id":5855,"date":"2016-08-17T14:41:29","date_gmt":"2016-08-17T11:41:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=5855"},"modified":"2016-08-17T14:41:29","modified_gmt":"2016-08-17T11:41:29","slug":"gulumseme-primatlara-ve-insanlara-ozgu-mu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/08\/17\/gulumseme-primatlara-ve-insanlara-ozgu-mu","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcl\u00fcmseme primatlara ve insanlara \u00f6zg\u00fc m\u00fc?"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130nsan ve \u015fempanze yavrular\u0131 uykuya dald\u0131klar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerinde bazen g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeye benzer y\u00fcz hareketleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczsel ifadeler. \u201ckendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve ger\u00e7ek g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme ile kahkahan\u0131n evrimsel k\u00f6keni olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kyoto \u00dcniversitesi Primat Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme benzeri y\u00fcz hareketlerinin sadece insan-\u015fempanze gibi y\u00fcksek d\u00fczey primatlarda de\u011fil; evrim a\u011fac\u0131nda epeyce uzak akrabalar\u0131m\u0131z olan yeni do\u011fan Japon makak maymunlar\u0131nda da izlendi\u011fini belirlediler.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc MasakiTomonaga, yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u015fempanze yavrular\u0131n\u0131n kendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmsediklerini belirlediklerini, \u00e7ok daha uzak akrabalar\u0131m\u0131zda buna rastlaman\u0131n, do\u011frudan atalar\u0131m\u0131za ayr\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7ok \u00f6ncesinde, yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde bile g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemenin k\u00f6klerinin olabilece\u011fini ortaya koydu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Fumito Kawakami, makak yavrular\u0131n\u0131n rutin sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrolleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeyi yakalad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Epeyce uzun s\u00fcren bu kontroller s\u0131ras\u0131nda bebekler s\u0131k\u00e7a uykuya dal\u0131yorlar, b\u00f6ylece ekip de bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 basit\u00e7e g\u00f6zlemleyebiliyor.<\/p>\n

Toplamda ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, daha \u00f6nce en az\u0131ndan bir kez g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemi\u015f yedi makak yavrusunun 58 kendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemesini kaydettiler. \u0130nsan yavrular\u0131yla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemenin daha \u00e7ok k\u0131sa ve orans\u0131z bir kas kas\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi oldu\u011funu belirlediler. Ancak iki \u00e7ok belirgin benzerlik vard\u0131: Biri her ikisinin de d\u00fczensiz REM uykusu d\u00f6neminde olmas\u0131 ve yine her ikisinin de tam tam\u0131na bir simetrik g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeden ziyade orans\u0131z, tek tarafa yo\u011funla\u015fan bir hareket olmas\u0131yd\u0131. En \u00f6nemli farksa, bunun epeyce k\u0131sa s\u00fcrmesiydi.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bebeklerdeki kendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemenin, ailelerin onlara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ilgi, sevgi ve aradaki ba\u011f\u0131n sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunuyorlard\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ise \u015fempanzelerde ve makak yavrular\u0131nda olu\u015fan g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemenin herhangi bir duygu ifadesi, memnuniyet gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011fi, hatta t\u00fcm y\u00fcz bir g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeden ziyade \u201cy\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc buru\u015fturma\u201d olarak bile adland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi g\u00f6sterildi. Ekip bu kendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemenin \u015fempanze, makak maymunlar\u0131 ve hatta insan yavrular\u0131nda y\u00fcz kaslar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in ve daha sonras\u0131nda da g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme, g\u00fclme ve y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc buru\u015fturma gibi ifadelere olanak tan\u0131yan bir ilk hareket olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Yani g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme maymunlara ve primatlara \u00f6zg\u00fc m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Tomonaga bunun imk\u00e2ns\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Ve g\u00fcl\u00fcmseyerek ekliyor: \u201cFarelerin ve k\u00f6peklerin g\u0131d\u0131klan\u0131rken memnuniyet belirten bir y\u00fcz ifadesi yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar var. Pek \u00e7ok memelide bunu izliyor olabilmemiz, g\u00fclmenin evrimsel k\u00f6keninin \u00e7ok eskilere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilecektir. Kim bilir?\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren: Dr. Ebru Oktay<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: <\/strong>https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2016\/08\/160804101618.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: \u0130nsan ve \u015fempanze yavrular\u0131 uykuya dald\u0131klar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerinde bazen g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemeye benzer y\u00fcz hareketleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczsel ifadeler. \u201ckendili\u011finden g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve ger\u00e7ek g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme ile kahkahan\u0131n evrimsel k\u00f6keni olarak bilinir.   Kyoto \u00dcniversitesi Primat Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, g\u00fcl\u00fcmseme benzeri y\u00fcz hareketlerinin sadece insan-\u015fempanze gibi y\u00fcksek d\u00fczey primatlarda de\u011fil; evrim a\u011fac\u0131nda epeyce uzak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji","category-evrim"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t