{"id":58751,"date":"2023-07-07T01:00:49","date_gmt":"2023-07-06T22:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=58751"},"modified":"2023-08-17T21:53:21","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T18:53:21","slug":"dusuncelerimiz-ozel-mulkumuz-mudur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2023\/07\/07\/dusuncelerimiz-ozel-mulkumuz-mudur","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz \u00f6zel m\u00fclk\u00fcm\u00fcz m\u00fcd\u00fcr?"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz bize mi aittir? \u00d6zel m\u00fclk\u00fcm\u00fcz m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Bize vahiy olarak m\u0131 inmi\u015flerdir, yani Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131 bah\u015fedilmi\u015flerdir? B\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Peki, bizim bireysel yarat\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131z m\u0131d\u0131r? B\u00f6yle bir y\u00f6n\u00fc vard\u0131r elbette; insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olu\u015ftururken bir kafa eme\u011fi verir. Ama buradaki as\u0131l sorumuz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimizin kayna\u011f\u0131 meselesidir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda soruya yine \u201cHay\u0131r\u201d yan\u0131t\u0131 vermeliyiz. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin bireysel oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131 da metafiziktir. Akla\/bilince do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc ve toplum \u00fcst\u00fc rol bi\u00e7en bir metafizik. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, burjuva materyalizmi. Karl Marx, \u015fu \u00fcnl\u00fc pasaj\u0131nda konuyu kavramam\u0131z i\u00e7in kuramsal bir zemin sunar:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen \u015fey onlar\u0131n bilin\u00e7leri de\u011fildir; tersine, bilin\u00e7lerini belirleyen \u015fey onlar\u0131n toplumsal hayatlar\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6yle sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz:<\/p>\n

1) D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz esas olarak bireysel de\u011fil toplumsald\u0131r<\/strong>. Toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Elbette bireyler kafa eme\u011fi vererek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini sistemle\u015ftirir; tezler, kuramlar olu\u015ftururlar. Ama her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kuram\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 maddi ya\u015fam\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r, toplumsal pratiktir.<\/p>\n

Hi\u00e7bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, ne kadar derinlikli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrse d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u00fcn, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcreci a\u015famaz; o \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ve s\u00fcrecin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00dctopya yazarlar\u0131 ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar bile\u2026 \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcreci ne kadar kapsaml\u0131 ele alabilirse o kadar derinlikli olabilir ve gelece\u011fe uzanabilir, ama sonu\u00e7 olarak o s\u00fcrecin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kamaz.<\/p>\n

2) D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz tarihseldir<\/strong>. Bizden \u00f6nceki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel birikimin devam\u0131 ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcrler; o birikimden k\u00f6k al\u0131rlar. En b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel devrimlerin yarat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 bile kendilerinden \u00f6nceki birikimin s\u0131rt\u0131nda y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n

Olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kuramlarla d\u00f6neminde bilimin sonunu getirdi\u011fi iddia edilen Newton\u2019un ba\u015fka bir biliminsan\u0131yla konu\u015fmas\u0131nda dile getirdi\u011fi gibi: \u201cBen e\u011fer uza\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rebildiysem devlerin s\u0131rt\u0131nda durdu\u011fum i\u00e7indir.\u201d<\/p>\n

3) Her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00fcretim bir ekip i\u015fidir. Art\u0131k pek kalmad\u0131 ama tek ki\u015filik oldu\u011fu san\u0131lan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00fcretimler de b\u00f6yledir. Bilgi tu\u011fla \u00fcst\u00fcne tu\u011fla koyularak olu\u015fturulur. Yoksa o d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin nas\u0131l ve neden o zaman ve mek\u00e2nda olu\u015ftu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayamay\u0131z. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve bilgi kolektiftir<\/strong>, kolektif \u00e7aban\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz ne tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bize bah\u015fedilmi\u015ftir ne de salt bireysel yarat\u0131mlard\u0131r. Toplumsal, tarihsel ve kolektiftirler. Biz zihinsel emek veririz ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce birikimine \u015fu veya bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131da bulunuruz; rol\u00fcm\u00fcz bununla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz bize mi aittir? \u00d6zel m\u00fclk\u00fcm\u00fcz m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Bize vahiy olarak m\u0131 inmi\u015flerdir, yani Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131 bah\u015fedilmi\u015flerdir? B\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Peki, bizim bireysel yarat\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131z m\u0131d\u0131r? B\u00f6yle bir y\u00f6n\u00fc vard\u0131r elbette; insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olu\u015ftururken bir kafa eme\u011fi verir. Ama buradaki as\u0131l sorumuz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimizin kayna\u011f\u0131 meselesidir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda soruya yine \u201cHay\u0131r\u201d yan\u0131t\u0131 vermeliyiz. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin bireysel oldu\u011fu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":58757,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2313,221,1,8999,8998],"tags":[5247],"class_list":["post-58751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-degirmen","category-felsefe","category-genel","category-siyasetbilim","category-siyasetbilimi","tag-ender-helvacioglu"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t