{"id":59027,"date":"2023-07-21T01:00:10","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T22:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=59027"},"modified":"2023-08-17T21:53:02","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T18:53:02","slug":"herakleitosun-irmagina-girmek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2023\/07\/21\/herakleitosun-irmagina-girmek","title":{"rendered":"Herakleitos’un \u0131rma\u011f\u0131na girmek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cG\u00f6k kubbe alt\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015f s\u00f6z yoktur.\u201d Ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m laflardan biri. \u0130lk kez kimin s\u00f6yledi\u011fine dair rivayet muhtelif. Cicero\u2019ya ait oldu\u011funu iddia edenler de var, Frans\u0131z ahlak\u00e7\u0131 La Bruyer\u2019e ait oldu\u011funu da. \u0130lk kez hangi \u201ckaramsar\u0131n\u201d s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u00f6nemli de\u011fil; \u00e7ok umut k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, heyecan k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, eylem k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00f6z. S\u00f6ylenebilecek her \u015fey s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fse, ne diye yeni bir \u015feyler bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ls\u0131n ki\u2026 Belki sa\u00e7malamay\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenmi\u015f olabilir. Ama insanlar\u0131n sa\u00e7malama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de olmal\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck bulu\u015flar en ba\u015fta hep sa\u00e7ma gelmi\u015ftir mevcut paradigman\u0131n savunucular\u0131na. B\u0131rak\u0131n insanlar yeni \u015feyler s\u00f6ylesinler. Y\u00fczde 99\u2019u sa\u00e7ma olacakt\u0131r, do\u011fru. Ama tarih y\u00fczde 1\u2019ler \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fcr. 99 sa\u00e7mal\u0131k g\u00f6ze al\u0131nmadan 1 bulu\u015f ye\u015feremez.<\/p>\n

\u201cTarih tekerr\u00fcrden ibarettir\u201d de b\u00f6yle bir laf. Bu s\u00f6z de Churchill\u2019e atfedilir, ama daha eski k\u00f6kleri olsa gerektir. Son derece tutucu bir laf. S\u00f6yleyen ge\u00e7mi\u015ften ders almak gerekti\u011fini vurgulamak i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olabilir; ama sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla bir d\u00fczen laf\u0131, egemen laf\u0131\u2026 Oysa toplumlar \u201ctekerr\u00fcrler\u201d \u00fczerinden geli\u015fmezler; tekerr\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yads\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktad\u0131r geli\u015fim, devrim ve ileri at\u0131l\u0131m. Tarih tekerr\u00fcr etseydi, bir tarih de olmazd\u0131 ki\u2026 Tekerr\u00fcr denilenler geni\u015f s\u00fcrecin olgular\u0131d\u0131r. Geni\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7 kavranamazsa e\u011fer, o s\u00fcrecin belirledi\u011fi olgular tekerr\u00fcr san\u0131l\u0131r. Ama her s\u00fcre\u00e7 gibi en geni\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7 de geni\u015fli\u011fiyle orant\u0131l\u0131 bir b\u00fcy\u00fck yenilikle sona erecektir. Tekerr\u00fcr san\u0131lan pe\u015fi s\u0131ra gelen olgular aras\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farklar birikerek o b\u00fcy\u00fck yenili\u011fe yol a\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n

Ben Herakleitos\u2019tan yanay\u0131m. \u201cHer \u015fey akar\u201d diyerek bir ak\u0131\u015f kuram\u0131 geli\u015ftiren, Antik Yunan felsefesinin Sokrates \u00f6ncesi delidolu oldu\u011fu zamanlar\u0131n\u0131n Anadolulu (Efesli, Miletli) do\u011fa filozofu. \u201cAyn\u0131 \u0131rmakta iki kez y\u0131kan\u0131lamaz\u201d (\u201cAyn\u0131 \u0131rmaklara girenlerin \u00fczerinden farkl\u0131 sular akar\u201d) diyen de\u011fi\u015fimin filozofu.<\/p>\n

***<\/strong><\/p>\n

Toplumsal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde do\u011frular tekrar etmez. Do\u011fruyu her zaman yeniden bulmak ve ke\u015ffetmek gerekir. Do\u011fru, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bulunamaz. Do\u011fru, ke\u015ffedilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Devrimcilik, s\u00fcrekli bir ke\u015fif \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc zaman ve mek\u00e2n (Herakleitos\u2019un \u0131rma\u011f\u0131) de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla do\u011fru da de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

An\u0131lardan devrim \u00e7\u0131kmaz; olsa olsa devrimin nas\u0131l yap\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Devrimin nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ise ke\u015ffedilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Ama atalar\u0131m\u0131z bir de \u201cge\u00e7mi\u015fi olmayan\u0131n gelece\u011fi olmaz\u201d buyurmu\u015flar. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe \u00f6yk\u00fcnen tutucu bir s\u00f6z m\u00fcd\u00fcr bu? B\u00f6yle de\u011ferlendirmek atalara haks\u0131zl\u0131k olur. Bence gelece\u011fi aramaktad\u0131r bu s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yleyenler. Herakleitos\u2019un \u0131rma\u011f\u0131na atlayanlara geni\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7 uyar\u0131s\u0131 yapmaktad\u0131rlar. Mesele \u0131rma\u011fa kap\u0131l\u0131p gitmek de\u011fil ki. Mesele \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (geni\u015f s\u00fcreci) kavramak. Ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse o yata\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek\u2026 Atalar\u0131m\u0131z, \u0131rma\u011fa atlama cesareti g\u00f6steren devrimcilere, \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavrama ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme (yani devrim yapma) t\u00fcyosu vermi\u015fler.<\/p>\n

Marx ve Engels de \u00e7ok kafa yormu\u015flar bu konuya. \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, zorunlulu\u011fun kavranmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d demi\u015fler. Sonra daha da geli\u015ftirmi\u015fler: \u201cKavramak yetmez, de\u011fi\u015ftirmek gerekir\u201d. \u00c7o\u011fumuz kavrayanlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fini san\u0131r, ama bu \u00f6nerme asl\u0131nda ba\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 durmaktad\u0131r. Marx ve Engels birlikte \u015fu sonuca varm\u0131\u015flar: De\u011fi\u015ftirenler kavrar!<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131, Herakleitos ustan\u0131n \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok su kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

***<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131ssadan hisse:<\/strong> Cumhuriyetin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 meselesine de, sosyalizmin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 meselesine de bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla yakla\u015fmak gerekir. Kazan\u0131mlar vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fimiz miras\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r, ama gelece\u011fi kazanmak i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil. Konuya b\u00f6yle yakla\u015fmazsak ancak bir mirasyedi (hatta fazla \u0131srar edersek tutucu) oluruz, devrimci de\u011fil. O kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n, gelece\u011fe uzanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir de\u011feri var.<\/p>\n

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Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu \u201cG\u00f6k kubbe alt\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015f s\u00f6z yoktur.\u201d Ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m laflardan biri. \u0130lk kez kimin s\u00f6yledi\u011fine dair rivayet muhtelif. Cicero\u2019ya ait oldu\u011funu iddia edenler de var, Frans\u0131z ahlak\u00e7\u0131 La Bruyer\u2019e ait oldu\u011funu da. \u0130lk kez hangi \u201ckaramsar\u0131n\u201d s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u00f6nemli de\u011fil; \u00e7ok umut k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, heyecan k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, eylem k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00f6z. S\u00f6ylenebilecek her \u015fey s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fse, ne diye yeni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":59028,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2313,221,1,8999,8998],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-degirmen","category-felsefe","category-genel","category-siyasetbilim","category-siyasetbilimi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t