{"id":60386,"date":"2023-10-26T12:16:21","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T09:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=60386"},"modified":"2023-10-26T16:01:18","modified_gmt":"2023-10-26T13:01:18","slug":"cumhuriyetin-pek-vurgulanmayan-kazanimlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2023\/10\/26\/cumhuriyetin-pek-vurgulanmayan-kazanimlari","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyetin pek vurgulanmayan kazan\u0131mlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cumhuriyetin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 meselesi, esas olarak laiklik, demokrasi, kad\u0131n ve insan haklar\u0131, adalet ekseninde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Do\u011fald\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kazan\u0131mlar AKP iktidar\u0131 alt\u0131nda (hem de yeni bir anayasa yapma giri\u015fimlerinin g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde) ciddi bir tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Elbette \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak ve m\u00fccadele konusu yap\u0131lacaklar.<\/p>\n

Fakat bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, cumhuriyetin, en az laiklik kadar hayati olan, toplumsal ve bireysel ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 derinden etkileyen, nesiller ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in art\u0131k kan\u0131ksanan ve g\u00fcndeme getirilmeyen, ama g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yine tehdit alt\u0131nda olan ba\u015fka baz\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek istiyoruz.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Bunlardan ilki, y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcllerinden do\u011fan ve bir kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f olan cumhuriyetimizin ba\u015fta Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk olmak \u00fczere \u00f6nder kadrolar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131srarla vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir \u201cdevlet ve toplum akl\u0131\u201d haline getirip kal\u0131c\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cyurtta bar\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada bar\u0131\u015f\u201d siyasetidir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kenarlar\u0131nda yer alan bir \u00fclke de\u011fil; \u00f6rne\u011fin bir Kanada veya Yeni Zelanda de\u011fil. D\u00fcnya siyaset sahnesinin birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r en hareketli fay hatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6be\u011finde ve \u00fczerinde bulunan bir \u00fclke. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye toplumu (\u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan K\u0131br\u0131s sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 saymazsak) 100 y\u0131ld\u0131r bir d\u0131\u015f sava\u015f ya\u015famad\u0131 ve herhangi bir d\u0131\u015f sava\u015f\u0131n taraf\u0131 olmad\u0131. Tepesine bombalar ya\u011fmad\u0131 ve bir i\u015fgal ya\u015famad\u0131. Bunun \u00f6zellikle b\u00f6lgemiz i\u00e7in ne kadar ender bir durum oldu\u011funu d\u00fcnya tarihinin son y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u0131\u015f sava\u015f ya\u015famam\u0131\u015fl\u0131k niteli\u011fine sahip nadir \u00fclkelerden biriyiz. B\u00f6lgemizde (Avrupa ve Ortado\u011fu) belki de tekiz. Bu zaman kesiti i\u00e7inde Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc, Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun t\u00fcm\u00fc, Asya\u2019n\u0131n hemen hemen t\u00fcm\u00fc, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu d\u0131\u015f sava\u015flar veya \u00e7ok kanl\u0131 i\u00e7 sava\u015flar ya\u015fad\u0131. Biz, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu kanl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yer almam\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir s\u00fcreci ya\u015famad\u0131k. Tepemize bombalar ya\u011fmad\u0131, s\u0131\u011f\u0131naklara ka\u00e7mak zorunda kalmad\u0131k, siren sesleriyle irkilmedik, d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgali g\u00f6rmedik\u2026 Ba\u015fta Avrupa olmak \u00fczere b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yakan \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en az zayiatla atlatt\u0131k. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n, Hollanda\u2019n\u0131n, Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, \u00c7in\u2019in, Irak\u2019\u0131n, Suriye\u2019nin i\u015fgali ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131; Londra\u2019n\u0131n, Berlin\u2019in, Ba\u011fdat\u2019\u0131n, Suriye kentlerinin, Beyrut\u2019un, Kabil\u2019in, Kore\u2019nin, ba\u015fta Vietnam olmak \u00fczere Hindi \u00c7ini\u2019nin, hele Japonya\u2019n\u0131n bombalarla d\u00fcmd\u00fcz edildi\u011fi; Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin, Yugoslavya\u2019n\u0131n, Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin, Kafkasya \u00fclkelerinin parampar\u00e7a oldu\u011fu; milyonlarca insan\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130ran-Irak, Hindistan-Pakistan gibi sava\u015flar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zaman kesitinden s\u00f6z ediyoruz. Bu 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u0131\u015f sava\u015flarla ve i\u00e7 sava\u015flarla kavrulan Afrika\u2019da ve Latin Amerika\u2019da ya\u015fananlara de\u011finmiyorum bile.<\/p>\n

Son 100 y\u0131lda ya\u015fanan i\u00e7 sava\u015flar konusunu ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bile -b\u00f6lgemiz g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda- yine \u201c\u015fansl\u0131\u201d \u00fclkeler i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 belirtmeliyiz. Evet, bu 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde i\u00e7 sava\u015f diyebilece\u011fimiz s\u00fcre\u00e7leri biz de ya\u015fad\u0131k. 12 Eyl\u00fcl \u00f6ncesi 70\u2019lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda devrimci-fa\u015fist \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 -kay\u0131plar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda- i\u00e7 sava\u015f boyutlar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Elbette 1984\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcren K\u00fcrt silahl\u0131 hareketi ile T\u00fcrk devletinin aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma da i\u00e7 sava\u015f olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Ama bu i\u00e7 sava\u015flar da daha \u00e7ok \u201csava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki\u201d sava\u015flard\u0131, halk\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle i\u00e7ine almad\u0131; \u00f6rne\u011fin bir \u0130spanyol i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131, Yugoslavya i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 veya L\u00fcbnan i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ap\u0131nda de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

Toplumumuzun cumhuriyetten \u00f6nceki 100 y\u0131l\u0131yla cumhuriyetten sonraki 100 y\u0131l\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne demek istedi\u011fimiz daha net anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Cumhuriyet nesilleri sava\u015f ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f nesillerdir ve bunun -hele b\u00f6lgemizde- ne kadar \u00f6nemli bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k oldu\u011funu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kuzeyimizde Ukrayna-Rusya, g\u00fcneyimizde Irak, Suriye ve son olarak Filistin-\u0130srail sava\u015flar\u0131 t\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131yla s\u00fcrerken kavram\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Bu, cumhuriyetin bize bah\u015fetti\u011fi, tersi ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemini tam olarak alg\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kazan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biridir. Biz, son 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tepesine bombalar ya\u011fmam\u0131\u015f, birbirini bo\u011fazlamam\u0131\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgali ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f ender toplumlardan biriyiz. Ve bunu cumhuriyetin att\u0131\u011f\u0131 temellere bor\u00e7luyuz.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Toplumsal niteli\u011fimizi belirleyen di\u011fer bir kazan\u0131m, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hi\u00e7bir zaman s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Ezilen D\u00fcnya\u2019da hi\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmam\u0131\u015f (\u00c7in ve \u0130ran ile birlikte) birka\u00e7 \u00fclkeden biriyiz. Hi\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olman\u0131n ne t\u00fcr kal\u0131c\u0131 toplumsal travmalar yaratabilece\u011fini de bilmiyoruz. Biz hi\u00e7bir zaman s\u00f6m\u00fcrge valileri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmedik ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131m\u0131z emperyalist masalarda cetvelle \u00e7izilmedi.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 Sevr ile birlikte b\u00f6ylesi bir y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na gelmi\u015ftik. Ama \u00c7anakkale Savunmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 ile devam eden ve Cumhuriyet Devrimleri ile garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nan siyasi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00fcreci s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmam\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Cumhuriyetin, tersi ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011feri pek bilinmeyen \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir kazan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ciddi tahribatlara u\u011framas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k -en az\u0131ndan halk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan- h\u00e2l\u00e2 bizim karakterimiz ise bunu Cumhuriyete bor\u00e7luyuz.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir konu, T\u00fcrk toplumunun hi\u00e7 a\u00e7l\u0131k ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn s\u0131k\u00e7a kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201ca\u00e7l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131\u201dndan s\u00f6z etmiyorum. G\u00fcnler boyu yiyecek bir lokma ekmek, bir tas \u00e7orba, bir yudum s\u00fct bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6len \u00e7ocuklardan ve insanlardan s\u00f6z ediyorum. Bu 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Afrika\u2019n\u0131n ve Asya\u2019n\u0131n (\u00c7in dahil) pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesi, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkesi bu korkun\u00e7 durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131lar. Belki zaman zaman unumuz ekme\u011fimiz karneye ba\u011fland\u0131, yokluk \u00e7ektik ama \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z sokak ortas\u0131nda a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lmedi. Bunu da kendine yeterli bir ekonomik yap\u0131 yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015faran ve sava\u015f y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan uzak durabilen Cumhuriyete bor\u00e7luyuz.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Toparlarsak, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 100 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, \u00fclkesi bir sava\u015f alan\u0131 haline gelmeyen, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmayan ve a\u00e7l\u0131k \u00e7ekmeyen ka\u00e7 tane toplum vard\u0131r d\u00fcnyada? Hem de b\u00f6yle bir co\u011frafyada? Biraz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek pek fazla \u00fclke bulamayaca\u011f\u0131z, kenarda k\u00f6\u015fede kalanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\u2026 Cumhuriyetin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bir de bu a\u00e7\u0131lardan de\u011ferlendirelim.<\/p>\n

Halimize \u015f\u00fckredelim demek i\u00e7in yazmad\u0131m bunlar\u0131. An\u0131msayal\u0131m, kavrayal\u0131m, bilince \u00e7\u0131karal\u0131m ve en \u00f6nemlisi bu kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n dahi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda tehdit alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu fark edelim diye vurgulad\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet! Ya\u015fat\u0131r Cumhuriyet!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu Cumhuriyetin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 meselesi, esas olarak laiklik, demokrasi, kad\u0131n ve insan haklar\u0131, adalet ekseninde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Do\u011fald\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kazan\u0131mlar AKP iktidar\u0131 alt\u0131nda (hem de yeni bir anayasa yapma giri\u015fimlerinin g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde) ciddi bir tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Elbette \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak ve m\u00fccadele konusu yap\u0131lacaklar. Fakat bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, cumhuriyetin, en az laiklik kadar hayati olan, toplumsal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":60387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2313,8999,8998,222,29],"tags":[9377,843,4054,9380,3162,604,9379,9381,9375,522,9376,1014,2828,2276,1179,578,9378,9374,9382],"class_list":["post-60386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-degirmen","category-siyasetbilim","category-siyasetbilimi","category-tarih","category-toplum","tag-aclik","tag-adalet","tag-ataturk","tag-ataturk-devrimleri","tag-bagimsizlik","tag-cumhuriyet","tag-cumhuriyet-devrimleri","tag-cumhuriyet-kurumlari","tag-cumhuriyetin-kazanimlari","tag-demokrasi","tag-ic-savas","tag-insan-haklari","tag-kadin-haklari","tag-kurtulus-savasi","tag-laiklik","tag-savas","tag-somurge","tag-yasasin-cumhuriyet","tag-yeni-anayasa"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t