{"id":6172,"date":"2016-10-07T12:10:25","date_gmt":"2016-10-07T09:10:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=6172"},"modified":"2016-10-07T12:10:25","modified_gmt":"2016-10-07T09:10:25","slug":"biliminsanlari-pokemon-go-fanatiklerini-yeni-turleri-gozden-kacirmamaya-tesvik-ediyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/10\/07\/biliminsanlari-pokemon-go-fanatiklerini-yeni-turleri-gozden-kacirmamaya-tesvik-ediyor","title":{"rendered":"Biliminsanlar\u0131 Pok\u00e9mon go fanatiklerini yeni t\u00fcrleri g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rmamaya te\u015fvik ediyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pok\u00e9mon\u2019un taksonomiye kazand\u0131rabilecekleri…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birbirine ge\u00e7mi\u015f iki d\u00fcnya: Pok\u00e9mon\u2019un artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, ger\u00e7ek hayatta da yeni t\u00fcrlerin ke\u015ffedilmesini sa\u011flayabilir mi?<\/p>\n

Milyonlarca insan geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z aylar\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek ge\u00e7irdi. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte, Pok\u00e9mon Go<\/em>\u2019nun \u201cartt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7eklik\u201d d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak \u201cyarat\u0131klar\u201d yakalay\u0131p oyunda ilerlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ancak oyuncular ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131yla mahalleden mahalleye, parklarda, hatta kimi zaman y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 tren raylar\u0131nda dolan\u0131p dururken baz\u0131 ger\u00e7ek vah\u015fi hayvanlar\u0131n da yerlerini tespit edebiliyorlar.<\/p>\n

Biliminsanlar\u0131 ve \u00e7evre korumac\u0131lar, toplumun normalde karanl\u0131k odalar\u0131nda konsol oyunlar\u0131 oynamakla me\u015fgul olan k\u0131sm\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ellerine ge\u00e7en bu e\u015fsiz f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmayarak b\u00fct\u00fcn Pok\u00e9mon e\u011fitmenlerini g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ger\u00e7ek canl\u0131lar\u0131n basit bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekip payla\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde te\u015fvik ediyor. As\u0131l soru \u015fu: Acaba bu oyun sayesinde ne kadar s\u00fcrede yeni bir t\u00fcr ke\u015ffedilecek?<\/p>\n

Ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nteri oldu\u011fu ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda milyonlarca oyuncunun kenarda k\u00f6\u015fede, \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131klarda Pok\u00e9mon ararken epey terledi\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulursa, bu hi\u00e7 de \u00f6yle imk\u00e2ns\u0131z de\u011fil. G\u00f6revleri gere\u011fi her Pok\u00e9mon e\u011fitmeni \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla yan\u0131nda y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc bir kamera da ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik bu y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda buna benzer bir vaka ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: Biliminsanlar\u0131, Filipinler\u2019de Arulenus miae<\/em> ad\u0131 verilen, yeni bir c\u00fcce \u015feytan \u00e7ekirgesi (pygmy devil grasshopper) t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardan birinin Facebook foto\u011fraflar\u0131ndan birinde kendisine tan\u0131d\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir b\u00f6cek t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tespit etmesiyle ke\u015ffedildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131\u00a0 (J. Skejo and J. H. S. Caballero\u00a0Zootaxa<\/em>\u00a04067,<\/strong>\u00a0383\u2013393; 2016<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Pok\u00e9mon Go<\/em> oyuncular\u0131, dikkatli olun. Evee, Pidgey gibi adlar\u0131 olan hayali yarat\u0131klar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 fethetmek ile Uluslararas\u0131 Zoolojik Adland\u0131rma Kodunun tarihi karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dahil olmak aras\u0131nda da\u011flar kadar fark var. Diyelim ki daha \u00f6nceden ger\u00e7ekten bilim camias\u0131n\u0131n haberdar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir canl\u0131n\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131n\u0131z; o zaman ne olacak? \u0130\u015fte o zaman,\u00a0 b\u0131rak\u0131n Nature<\/em>* size yol g\u00f6stersin.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nce iyi haber; Kod (Twitter\u2019da \u00e7ok fazla karakter harcamamak i\u00e7in ad\u0131n\u0131 Kod olarak k\u0131saltaca\u011f\u0131z) an itibariyle resmi olarak g\u00fcncel ve eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi sizin do\u011fumunuzdan \u00f6nce pop\u00fcler olup sonradan \u00f6l\u00fcp gitmi\u015f olan a\u011fa\u00e7lara g\u00f6bekten ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fil. Gelenekselcilerin t\u00fcm yak\u0131nmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Kod\u2019un belirlenmesinden sorumlu olan Uluslararas\u0131 Zoolojik Adland\u0131rma Komisyonu, internet bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 da tan\u0131maya karar verdi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca bas\u0131l\u0131 akademik dergilerde resmi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kural\u0131n\u0131 esnetmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Ancak bir de k\u00f6t\u00fc haberimiz var -e\u011fer g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz de\u011fi\u015fik kelebe\u011fin, ku\u015fun ya da suayg\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131, internette gezinen arkada\u015f canl\u0131s\u0131 bir biyolo\u011fa g\u00f6re yeni bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn kan\u0131t\u0131 olabilecek nitelikteyse, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp o hayvan\u0131 yakalaman\u0131z (hatta laf aram\u0131zda \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeniz bile) gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00e7ok zor oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, baz\u0131 (\u00e7ok de\u011fil ama baz\u0131) zoologlar\u0131n da sizinle ayn\u0131 fikirde oldu\u011funu bilmenizde yarar var. Bu i\u00e7in gereken nedir? \u00c7o\u011fu biyolo\u011fa g\u00f6re cevap h\u00e2l\u00e2 taze bir ceset. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da yakalay\u0131p foto\u011fraflad\u0131klar\u0131 bir bombyliid<\/em>\u2019i (ar\u0131 sine\u011fi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc) tespit edip adland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan iki biliminsan\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi de bu \u00f6nermeyi destekliyor. D\u00fczenlemelere g\u00f6re resmi bir taksonomik adland\u0131rma i\u00e7in holotip ad\u0131 verilen bir referans \u00f6rne\u011finin tedarik edilmesi zorunlu. Felaket! Sinek, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp listelerde \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015ftirilemeden (!) ka\u00e7\u0131vermi\u015f. Tekrardan sine\u011fin pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fmeye pek istekli olmayan k\u00fcstah ikili de \u00e7oktan u\u00e7up gitmi\u015f olan ar\u0131 sine\u011finin yerine yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ekmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 foto\u011fraflar\u0131 kan\u0131t olarak g\u00f6stermekle yetinmi\u015f (S. A. Marshall and N. L. Evenhuis\u00a0ZooKeys<\/em>\u00a0525,<\/strong>\u00a0117\u2013127; 2015<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Biliminsanlar\u0131 \u201cdijital toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u201d\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131 h\u0131zla artan \u00f6rnek toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde uyar\u0131da bulundular. Ayr\u0131ca yeni \u00e7evre koruma d\u00fczenlemeleri de ger\u00e7ek t\u00fcr \u00f6rneklerinin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik toplulu\u011funun da zaman\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yakalayabilmesi ve \u201c\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp muhafaza edilmi\u015f \u00f6rnekler olmadan tan\u0131nan taksonlar\u0131n h\u0131zla artan say\u0131s\u0131na adapte olmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201dni s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Pek inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmasa da y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc foto\u011fraflar\u0131n \u201c\u00e7o\u011funlukla usul\u00fcne uygun bir tan\u0131mlama i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d iddia ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Fakat kural kurald\u0131r; kimi zaman kural haline gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n iyi nedenleri de vard\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ay da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan gelen biyologlar bir ton kar\u0131nca gibi bu fikrin \u00fczerine \u00e7ulland\u0131. Bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 d\u00fcrtmek ya da \u00e7evirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Deponun bir yerlerinden bulunup \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p arka bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 nazik\u00e7e gerdirmek de s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. \u00dcreme organlar\u0131 yeniden de\u011ferlendirilemez. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, bir foto\u011fraf \u00fczerinde bilimsel i\u015flemler yap\u0131lamaz; en az\u0131ndan usul\u00fcne uygun, do\u011frulanabilecek, yeniden \u00fcretilebilecek ve \u00fczerinde oynama yap\u0131labilecek i\u015flemler. Raporun sonucu ise \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Zoolojik Adland\u0131rma Kodu\u2019nun ruhuna ve \u00f6z\u00fcne yaln\u0131zca bir foto\u011frafa g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan tarifle kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131 gelinmi\u015ftir.\u201d \u00a0(D. S. Amorim\u00a0et al<\/em>.Zootaxa<\/em>\u00a04137,<\/strong>\u00a0121\u2013128; 2016<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Hem suayg\u0131rlar\u0131 o kadar da h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fmuyorlar, yakalamas\u0131 o kadar da zor olamaz. Diyelim ki cesur Pok\u00e9mon Go<\/em> oyuncumuzun elinde ger\u00e7ekten de yeni bir t\u00fcr var; hem de yaln\u0131zca bir foto\u011fraftan ibaret de\u011fil. Tabii ki bilmek istedikleri ilk \u015fey bu t\u00fcre annelerinin ad\u0131n\u0131 verip veremeyecekleri. Bu noktada zoologlar dikkate de\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rahatlar. Gezegenlerin, kimyasal elementlerin ve insanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n aksine konu do\u011fal ya\u015fam olunca hemen hemen her \u015fey kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. (Nitekim Dick Cheney, George W. Bush ve Donald Rumsfeld\u2019in her biri, ayr\u0131 birer c\u0131v\u0131k mantar k\u0131nkanatl\u0131s\u0131 \u2013Agathidium<\/em>– ile ayn\u0131 ad\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yorlar). Yine de g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131k olsun; g\u00f6rece\u011fi ilgi idol\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ya da kahraman\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ok da ho\u015funa gitmeyebilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u0130PNOT<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) Haberin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan derginin \u201cdo\u011fa\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen ad\u0131 kullan\u0131larak kelime oyunu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynak: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/gotta-name-them-all-how-pok%C3%A9mon-can-transform-taxonomy-1.20275<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

(<\/strong>Nature <\/em>535, <\/strong>323-324 (21 Temmuz 2016) \u02e1doi:10.1038\/535323b)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pok\u00e9mon\u2019un taksonomiye kazand\u0131rabilecekleri… Birbirine ge\u00e7mi\u015f iki d\u00fcnya: Pok\u00e9mon\u2019un artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, ger\u00e7ek hayatta da yeni t\u00fcrlerin ke\u015ffedilmesini sa\u011flayabilir mi? Milyonlarca insan geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z aylar\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek ge\u00e7irdi. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte, Pok\u00e9mon Go\u2019nun \u201cartt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7eklik\u201d d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak \u201cyarat\u0131klar\u201d yakalay\u0131p oyunda ilerlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ancak oyuncular ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131yla mahalleden mahalleye, parklarda, hatta kimi zaman y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 tren raylar\u0131nda dolan\u0131p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6173,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6172\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}