{"id":6199,"date":"2016-10-17T13:26:12","date_gmt":"2016-10-17T10:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=6199"},"modified":"2016-10-17T13:26:12","modified_gmt":"2016-10-17T10:26:12","slug":"maksimum-insan-omrune-zaten-ulasildi-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/10\/17\/maksimum-insan-omrune-zaten-ulasildi-mi","title":{"rendered":"Maksimum insan \u00f6mr\u00fcne zaten ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 m\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131:<\/strong> \u00a0Ka\u00e7 do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc kutlayabilirsiniz? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 125 y\u0131l\u0131n, insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn kesin limiti oldu\u011funu hesaplad\u0131lar.
\n\u00a9 WavebreakMediaMicro \/ Fotolia<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc halihaz\u0131rda kaydedilmi\u015f ya\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6tesine uzatman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Albert Einstein T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi taraf\u0131ndan Nature<\/em>\u2019da yay\u0131mlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, biliminsanlar\u0131 insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 mevcut kay\u0131tlardaki en ya\u015fl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam s\u00fcresinin \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131yacak kadar uzatman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan beri, kamusal sa\u011fl\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131, beslenme bi\u00e7imi, \u00e7evre ve di\u011fer alanlardaki geli\u015fmeler sayesinde ortalama ya\u015f beklentisi s\u00fcrekli olarak art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi. Ortalama olarak, \u00f6rne\u011fin ABD\u2019de, bug\u00fcn do\u011fan bebekler yakla\u015f\u0131k 79 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar ya\u015famay\u0131 bekleyebilir. 1900 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in ise ortalama \u00f6m\u00fcr beklentisi sadece 47 idi. 1970\u2019lerden bug\u00fcne, maksimum ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi de (en ya\u015fl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcr) art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi. Ancak Einstein T\u0131p Fak. ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, azami \u00f6mr\u00fcn bu artan e\u011frisinin bir \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 var ve biz o noktaya \u00e7oktan ula\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Genetik profes\u00f6r\u00fc Jan Vijg, \u201cBiyologlar gibi n\u00fcfusbilimciler de maksimum \u00f6m\u00fcrdeki s\u00fcrmekte olan art\u0131\u015f\u0131n yak\u0131nda sona ermesi i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir sebep olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Fakat elimizdeki veri buna \u00e7oktan eri\u015fildi\u011fini ve bunun 1990\u2019larda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Dr. Vijg ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131, 40 \u00fclkeden \u00f6l\u00fcm ve n\u00fcfus verileri i\u00e7eren \u0130nsan \u00d6l\u00fcmleri Veritaban\u0131\u2019n\u0131 incelediler. 1900\u2019den beri, bu \u00fclkeler genellikle ge\u00e7 ya\u015fta \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6sterdiler.\u00a0 Her do\u011fum grubunun (yani belli bir y\u0131lda do\u011fan insanlar) ge\u00e7 ya\u015flara kadar (70 ve \u00fczeri) hayatta kalan kesimi, do\u011fum y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla paralel olarak art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi; bu da ortalama ya\u015fam beklentisindeki s\u00fcrekli art\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi oldu.<\/p>\n

Fakat ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 100 ve \u00fczeri ya\u015flardaki insanlar\u0131n 1900\u2019den bu yana ya\u015fama geli\u015fimine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcler, ya\u015famda kalma ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 100 ya\u015f civar\u0131nda doru\u011fa ula\u015f\u0131rken, ne zaman do\u011fduklar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, sonras\u0131nda s\u00fcratle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7ti. \u201cBu bulgu hem ge\u00e7 ya\u015fam \u00f6l\u00fcmlerini azaltmadaki ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131, hem de insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n muhtemel s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dr. Vijg ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131, Uluslararas\u0131 Uzun\u00f6m\u00fcr Veritaban\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan rapor edilmi\u015f maksimum \u00f6l\u00fcm ya\u015f\u0131 verilerini incelediler. Uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu d\u00f6rt \u00fclkeden (ABD, Fransa, Japonya ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k) 1968-2006 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 110 ve \u00fczeri ya\u015flara kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan insanlara odakland\u0131lar. Bu \u201csupercentenarian\u201dlar (110 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerindeki insanlar) i\u00e7in 1970\u2019ler ile 1990\u2019lar\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemi aras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm ya\u015f\u0131 h\u0131zla artt\u0131, fakat 1995 civar\u0131nda dura\u011fan bir noktaya gelmi\u015fti; bu da ya\u015fam s\u00fcresinin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na ba\u015fka bir kan\u0131t olabilir. Bu durgunluk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131na, yani tarihte belgelenen en uzun \u00f6mre sahip olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f 122 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Frans\u0131z Jeanne Calment\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u0131l\u0131na yak\u0131n bir zamand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Einstein T\u0131p Fak. ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, rapor edilmi\u015f maksimum \u00f6l\u00fcm ya\u015f\u0131 verisini kullanarak, ortalama maksimum \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcresini 115 y\u0131l olarak belirledi (Jeanne Calment\u2019in istatiksel olarak bir u\u00e7de\u011fer oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmedildi). Son olarak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn mutlak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 125 y\u0131l olarak hesaplad\u0131. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, belli bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n herhangi bir yerinde 125 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir insan g\u00f6rme ihtimali 10.000\u2019de 1\u2019in alt\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

\u201cBula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 ve kronik hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 daha ileri geli\u015fmeler ortalama ya\u015fam beklentisini art\u0131rmaya devam edebilir, ama maksimum \u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7in bu s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil\u201d diyor Dr. Vijg. \u201cTedaviye y\u00f6nelik yeni bulu\u015flar\u0131n insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc bizim hesaplar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6tesine uzatabilecek olmas\u0131 akla yatk\u0131n, ama bu ilerlemeler insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc toplu olarak belirleyen genetik varyantlar\u0131n da \u00fcstesinden gelmek zorunda. Belki de ya\u015fam s\u00fcresini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in harcanan kaynaklar sa\u011fl\u0131k s\u00fcresini, yani ileri ya\u015flar\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ge\u00e7irme evresini uzatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmal\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren: Onur K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcnv. Felsefe Blm.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2016\/10\/161005132823.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6rsel a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: \u00a0Ka\u00e7 do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc kutlayabilirsiniz? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 125 y\u0131l\u0131n, insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn kesin limiti oldu\u011funu hesaplad\u0131lar. \u00a9 WavebreakMediaMicro \/ Fotolia   Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc halihaz\u0131rda kaydedilmi\u015f ya\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6tesine uzatman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Albert Einstein T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi taraf\u0131ndan Nature\u2019da yay\u0131mlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, biliminsanlar\u0131 insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 mevcut kay\u0131tlardaki en ya\u015fl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam s\u00fcresinin \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131yacak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-biyoloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t