15. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cKe\u015fifler \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u201d hen\u00fcz ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015fken, Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde, Pasifik\u2019in bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Avustralya yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda muazzam bir donanma kol gezmekteydi. Ming Hanedan\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc amirali Zheng He komutas\u0131ndaki filo, 300 gemi ve 27.800 ki\u015filik m\u00fcrettebattan (t\u00fcccarlar, bilimciler ve devlet g\u00f6revlileri d\u00e2hil) olu\u015fuyordu. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 y\u0131l sonra \u00dcmit Burnu\u2019nu ge\u00e7ip Hint Okyanusu\u2019na ula\u015fan Vasco da Gama\u2019n\u0131n donanmas\u0131n\u0131n sadece 4 gemi ve 170 ki\u015filik m\u00fcrettebattan olu\u015ftu\u011fu, Asya\u2019ya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in Atlantik\u2019e a\u00e7\u0131lan Kolomb\u2019un \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gemi ile yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131nca, \u00c7in donanmas\u0131n\u0131n (ve elbette d\u00f6nemin \u00c7in uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n) g\u00fcc\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Zheng He\u2019n\u0131n amiral gemisinin yan\u0131nda Gama\u2019n\u0131n ve Kolomb\u2019un gemilerinin taka gibi kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ekleyelim. Zheng He komutas\u0131ndaki \u00c7in donanmas\u0131 1405-1433 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 7 b\u00fcy\u00fck seyahat d\u00fczenledi. Bu seyahatlerin hangi hedefler do\u011frultusunda d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi ve Zheng He\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra neden birdenbire durduruldu\u011fu \u00f6nemli bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur. \u00d6nemlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u00c7in i\u00e7i bir tart\u0131\u015fma olarak g\u00f6z\u00fckse de sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn bir modernite tarihini (yak\u0131n d\u00fcnya tarihini) etkilemi\u015ftir. \u00c7in donanmas\u0131n\u0131n seyahatleri ve Hint Okyanusu\u2019nun bir \u00c7in denizi haline gelmi\u015f olma durumu devam etseydi, Portekizlilerin ve \u0130spanyollar\u0131n bug\u00fcn \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck ka\u015fifler\u201d olarak an\u0131lan isimleri ancak birer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck korsan olarak an\u0131lacaklar ve esameleri bile okunmayacakt\u0131. Yeni denizler ve yeni k\u0131talar belki de tersten (Asya\u2019dan Avrupa\u2019ya ve Amerika\u2019ya do\u011fru) ke\u015ffedilecekti. Tarih b\u00f6yle akabilirdi ama akmad\u0131. \u00c7in y\u00f6netimi seyahatleri durdurmakla kalmad\u0131, o muazzam donanmay\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeye b\u0131rakt\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k denize a\u00e7\u0131labilecek gemilerin yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bile yasaklad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Avrupal\u0131 macerac\u0131lar\u0131n ve korsanlar\u0131n tarih yapma olana\u011f\u0131 do\u011fdu. Dahas\u0131, Avrupa burjuvazisinin ve kapitalizminin de yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Bu \u00e7apta \u00f6nemli bir konudur bu. Elinizdeki dergide Fatma Ecem Ceylan\u2019\u0131n makalelerinde Zheng He\u2019n\u0131n seyahatlerinin siyasi ve ekonomik ama\u00e7lar\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra neden durduruldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin tezler aktar\u0131l\u0131yor ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Zheng He dosyas\u0131n\u0131n ilgiyle okunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/p>\n
***<\/p>\n
Bu say\u0131da yer alan bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli yaz\u0131, \u0130zlem G\u00f6z\u00fckele\u015f\u2019in \u201cDecidim: Biz karar veririz\u201d adl\u0131 makalesi.\u00a0 Evet, yukar\u0131da vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi 500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce tarih farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nde akt\u0131 ve biz bug\u00fcn yeniden bir y\u00f6n vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Decidim, Silikon Vadisi \u015firketlerinin hegemonyas\u0131na ve dijital kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 toplumcu bir alternatif sunuyor. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 demokrasi ve teknopolitik demokratikle\u015fme i\u00e7in bir altyap\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Decidim\u2019in hedefinde sanal d\u00fcnyada bir demokrasi kurmak de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ek hayattaki siyasi ve toplumsal g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek vard\u0131r. Ba\u015fka Barselona ve Helsinki olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok yerde hayata ge\u00e7irilen bu projeyi G\u00f6z\u00fckele\u015f bize tan\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Hasan Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n Mehmet Akif\u2019in Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 uygarl\u0131k tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirerek yeni bir sentez yaratma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 ele alan makalesi ile Mehmet Sak\u0131n\u00e7\u2019\u0131n Gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminden bug\u00fcne fen bilimlerinin ve \u00f6zellikle zoolojinin seyir \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalesi derginin dikkat \u00e7eken di\u011fer yaz\u0131lar\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi zengin bir say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz; umar\u0131z okurlar da ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte olur.<\/p>\n
Dostlukla kal\u0131n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
15. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cKe\u015fifler \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u201d hen\u00fcz ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015fken, Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde, Pasifik\u2019in bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Avustralya yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda muazzam bir donanma kol gezmekteydi. Ming Hanedan\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc amirali Zheng He komutas\u0131ndaki filo, 300 gemi ve 27.800 ki\u015filik m\u00fcrettebattan (t\u00fcccarlar, bilimciler ve devlet g\u00f6revlileri d\u00e2hil) olu\u015fuyordu. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 y\u0131l sonra \u00dcmit Burnu\u2019nu ge\u00e7ip […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":429,"featured_media":62387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9757,509,38,510],"tags":[9760,9759,4264,9758],"class_list":["post-62386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-243-sayi","category-aydokumu","category-dergi-sayilari","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-aydokmu","tag-bilim-ve-gelecek-243-sayi","tag-bilim-ve-gelecek-dergisi","tag-bilim-ve-gelecek-temmuz-2024"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t