{"id":62494,"date":"2024-06-28T00:00:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-27T21:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=62494"},"modified":"2024-06-26T20:34:49","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T17:34:49","slug":"hep-birlikte-esneyelim-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2024\/06\/28\/hep-birlikte-esneyelim-2","title":{"rendered":"Hep birlikte esneyelim"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dr. H\u00fcseyin Karaku\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hadi bug\u00fcn t\u0131bbi geyik yapal\u0131m. Konumuz esneme. Metal\u00fcrji ve tekstildeki de\u011fil, canl\u0131lara \u00f6zg\u00fc esnemeyi konu\u015fuyoruz. Mars\u2019ta ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran teknoloji, esnemenin gizemini hen\u00fcz \u00e7\u00f6zemedi. Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z oldu art\u0131k, farkl\u0131 bir \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda hemen gog\u0131la soruyoruz. Gog\u0131l \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ansiklopedisi. Bir de ansiklopedi i\u00e7inde ansiklopediler var. Vikipedi, ek\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u00fck gibi. Aman internette kapitalizmin tuza\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmeyin. Merak, korku, endi\u015fe yaratarak t\u0131klanmay\u0131 sa\u011flamak, internette genel politika oldu art\u0131k. Esneme konusunda da durum farkl\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00d6zel hastanelerin sayfalar\u0131nda, s\u00fcrekli esnemenin hangi \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl hastal\u0131klar\u0131n habercisi oldu\u011fu s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f. Hepsi yalan. Yoldan ge\u00e7erken kafan\u0131za kiremit d\u00fc\u015fme \u015fans\u0131 ile esnemenin hastal\u0131k olma \u015fans\u0131 ayn\u0131. Bilimsel k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 da bulmu\u015ftur. \u201cBiz hastal\u0131k bulgusudur demedik ki, hastal\u0131k bulgusu olabilir\u201d dedik.\u00a0 \u201cOlabilir\u201d deyince akan sular duruyor, bilim de duruyor. Bilim ad\u0131na safsata yapabiliyorsun.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk olarak, ayna n\u00f6ronlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, ayna n\u00f6ronlara ba\u011fl\u0131 taklidin tipik olgusu olmas\u0131 nedeniyle esneme dikkatimi \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Sonra yeni teknolojilerde yine kar\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Merak ettim ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m. Kazalara neden olan direksiyon ba\u015f\u0131nda dalg\u0131nl\u0131k ve uyuklamalara kar\u015f\u0131, yeni ta\u015f\u0131t dizayn\u0131na da eklenecek \u015fof\u00f6r uyar\u0131c\u0131 ara\u00e7lar yapm\u0131\u015flar. \u015eof\u00f6r koltu\u011funa oturdu\u011funuz anda uyar\u0131c\u0131 ara\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. G\u00f6zlerinizi ve a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 alg\u0131layarak kodluyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131lan deneylerde beyin yorgunlu\u011funun iki bulgusu olarak s\u0131k esneme ve g\u00f6zlerin uzun s\u00fcreli kapanmas\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f. Uyar\u0131c\u0131 ara\u00e7 \u00fcst \u00fcste esnemelerde ve g\u00f6zlerin yar\u0131 kapal\u0131 dalg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131nda uyar\u0131l\u0131yor. Esneme ile g\u00f6z kapanmas\u0131n\u0131n birlikteli\u011fi tehlikeli. \u015eof\u00f6r esnerken, esneme s\u00fcresince g\u00f6zler kapan\u0131rsa alarm \u00e7almaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u015eimdilerde \u00e7akmak g\u00f6z\u00fcnden enerji alan cama ili\u015ftirilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck elektronik uyar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fcler bile.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 psikolog Robert Provine esnemeyi \u201chakk\u0131nda en az bilgi sahibi oldu\u011fumuz en yayg\u0131n insan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d olarak tarif etmi\u015f. Binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde esnemenin nedeni sorgulanm\u0131\u015f asl\u0131nda. Milattan \u00f6nce 500\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda Pisagor notlar\u0131nda esnemeden \u201cate\u015fli hastal\u0131klarda kirli kan\u0131 temizlemek i\u00e7in kendini savunma eylemi\u201d diye s\u00f6z eder. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar kimse konuyu kurcalamadan bu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 kabullenmi\u015f. Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda esneme de incelenmi\u015f. Beyne giden oksijen miktar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda kandaki oksijeni artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in organizman\u0131n refleks eylemi olarak yorumlanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda esneme ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131. Frans\u0131z Tourette hastan\u0131n bir saatte 480 kez esnedi\u011fi endokrin kaynakl\u0131 bir sendromu kaydetti. Esneme t\u0131bbi makalelere konu oldu. Hatta 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 temmuz ay\u0131nda Paris\u2019te \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Esneme Refleksi Konferans\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlendi. Bug\u00fcn psikiyatri, n\u00f6ropsikiyatri ve sosyal psikolojinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma konular\u0131ndan biri. Biliminsanlar\u0131 art\u0131k esnemenin \u201c\u0131s\u0131nan beyni so\u011futma eylemi\u201d oldu\u011fu yorumunu payla\u015f\u0131yorlar. S\u00fcr\u00fcngen beyni, memeli beyni ve frontal korteks denilen \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc beyin \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip insan beyni, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n % 2\u2019siyken enerjimizin % 20\u2019sini harc\u0131yor. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 gideren mekanizmalardan biri de esneme. Esnerken damakta y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n seyreden damarlarda havan\u0131n temas\u0131yla kan so\u011fuyor. B\u00f6ylece beyinde so\u011fuma i\u015flemine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olunuyor. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda burundan s\u0131k s\u0131k solunmas\u0131yla esnemenin giderildi\u011fi fark edilmi\u015f. Burun mukozas\u0131ndaki kan so\u011fudu\u011fundan esneme bitiyor. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kafaya so\u011futulmu\u015f \u0131slak bez sar\u0131lmas\u0131yla da esneme sona ermi\u015f. Bu tez ikili beyne sahip (s\u00fcr\u00fcngen ve memeli beyni) kedi-k\u00f6peklerde ve yaln\u0131zca s\u00fcr\u00fcngen beyne sahip timsahlarda, y\u0131lanlarda ve bal\u0131klardaki esnemeyi tam a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131yor sanki. \u00d6rne\u011fin palya\u00e7o bal\u0131klar\u0131 yuvas\u0131na yakla\u015fan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 korkutmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli esniyorlar. K\u00f6peklerin, sahipleri esnedi\u011finde % 70 oran\u0131nda esnemeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00fcst \u00fcste esneyen birini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde % 48 olas\u0131l\u0131kla biz de esnemeye ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz. Hatta esneme s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesi esnemeyi ba\u015flatabiliyor. Olay\u0131n ayna n\u00f6ronlar\u0131 etkili k\u0131lan sosyopsikolojik bir y\u00f6n\u00fc var. Anne karn\u0131ndaki insan fet\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn de s\u0131k s\u0131k esnedi\u011fi biliniyor. Beynimizin ve bedenimizin \u00e7ok yorgun oldu\u011fu uyku \u00f6ncesinde de esniyoruz. Dinlenmi\u015f halde sabah uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da esniyoruz. Gel de \u00e7\u0131k i\u015fin i\u00e7inden.<\/p>\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle yorumlayabilir miyiz? Canl\u0131lar diyalektik a\u00e7\u0131dan, fiziksel olarak do\u011fa denilen organizman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcrekli bedenimiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilere bir \u015feyler al\u0131p vererek yani payla\u015farak ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Hareketimizin durdu\u011fu uykuya ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz an payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n en aza indi\u011fi and\u0131r. Payla\u015f\u0131m hi\u00e7 durmaz; durdu\u011fu an, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn oldu\u011fu and\u0131r. Bu kez de \u00f6l\u00fc bedenin ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131p d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ana kadar yeni bir payla\u015f\u0131m a\u015famas\u0131 ba\u015flar. Sinir sistemine sahip canl\u0131larda fiziksel payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tinsel (insanlarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel g\u00fcd\u00fcsel, hayvanlarda g\u00fcd\u00fcsel) payla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte tinsel olarak payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n, ileti\u015fimin aza indi\u011fi anlarda esneme olu\u015fuyor. Uyku \u00f6ncesi ileti\u015fim azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r esneme olu\u015fur. Uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda beyin daha toparlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile ileti\u015fim azd\u0131r esneme olu\u015fur. \u015eof\u00f6r koltu\u011funda esnemeler dikkatin da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile ileti\u015fimin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Panik atakta, OKB\u2019de (obsesif kompulsif bozukluk &#8211; tak\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 kuruntu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131) beynin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ileti\u015fimi vard\u0131r. Esneme olmaz. Anti depresanlar kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ileti\u015fim azal\u0131r, esnemeler ba\u015flar. \u00d6\u011fretmen s\u0131n\u0131fta esnemeler \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131nca dikkatin da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, can kula\u011f\u0131yla dinlenilmedi\u011fini anlar. Bazen asl\u0131nda dikkatin \u00e7ok uyar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, stresin \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu; konu\u015fmac\u0131n\u0131n nutuk \u00f6ncesinde, solistin konser \u00f6ncesinde esneme n\u00f6betleri do\u011far. Bu beynin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 strese kar\u015f\u0131 kendini savunma mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. Esnemeyle birlikte ayna n\u00f6ronlar\u0131nda aktive oldu\u011fu hen\u00fcz tespit edilememi\u015f bir hormon var gibi.<\/p>\n<p>Baenninger esnemeyi \u201cuyku uyan\u0131kl\u0131k, a\u00e7l\u0131k tokluk, gev\u015feme gibi homeostatik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin d\u00fczenlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, uykululuk durumunda, psikososyal stres oldu\u011funda, beyin kan ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve beyin \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme amac\u0131yla olu\u015fan duygusal bir stereotipi ve fizyolojik bir davran\u0131\u015f olarak\u201d tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Beyinde \u201chipotalamik paraventrik\u00fcler \u00e7ekirde\u011fin parvosell\u00fcler b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan oksitosin n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n\u0131n hipokampus, beyin sap\u0131 ve spinal b\u00f6lgeye olan uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n\u201d esnemede etkili oldu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak esneme gizemini korumaya devam ediyor. Herkese iyi esnemeler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. H\u00fcseyin Karaku\u015f Hadi bug\u00fcn t\u0131bbi geyik yapal\u0131m. Konumuz esneme. Metal\u00fcrji ve tekstildeki de\u011fil, canl\u0131lara \u00f6zg\u00fc esnemeyi konu\u015fuyoruz. Mars\u2019ta ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran teknoloji, esnemenin gizemini hen\u00fcz \u00e7\u00f6zemedi. Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z oldu art\u0131k, farkl\u0131 bir \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda hemen gog\u0131la soruyoruz. Gog\u0131l \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ansiklopedisi. Bir de ansiklopedi i\u00e7inde ansiklopediler var. Vikipedi, ek\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u00fck gibi. Aman internette kapitalizmin tuza\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmeyin. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2301,"featured_media":62495,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9757,38,535,510],"tags":[8557,9755,8291],"class_list":["post-62494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-243-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-forum","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-dr-huseyin-karakus","tag-esneme","tag-huseyin-karakus"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2301"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62494"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62494\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}